alan.¹

Brit.

/ˈeɪlə/, U.S.

/ˈeɪlə/

Inflections: Plural alae

/ˈeɪliː/.

Forms: 1600s– ala, 1700s alla.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin āla.

Etymology: < classical Latin āla wing, upper arm, armpit, fin, axil of a branch or leaf, wing or flank of an army, unit of auxiliary troops, unit or squadron of cavalry, recess on either side of an atrium, in post-classical Latin also one of the lateral cartilages of the nose (1363 in Chauliac) < the same Indo-European base as axle n.¹ Compare French aile (1st half of the 12th cent. in Old French as ele), Old Occitan ala (1200), Spanish ala (1st half of the 13th cent.), Portuguese ala (14th cent.), Italian ala (late 13th cent.).In plural form alae after the Latin plural form.

1. Anatomy. A wing-like structure or process; spec. (a) the lateral cartilage of each side of the nose; (b) either of the two wings (great and small) of the sphenoid bone; (c) a horizontal projection from each side of the superior border of the vomer bone.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > cartilage > cartilage of specific parts > [noun] > of nose

ala1634

wing1650

pinna1668

pterygium1684

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > projection or protuberance > [noun] > wing

wing1650

ala1784

alation1860

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια iv. xvi. 239 The extuberations of these winges are called hillocks or mountainets (Vesalius calleth these extuberations alæ or wings, the other labra or lippes) and the mount of Venus.]

1634 A. Read Man. Anat. Body of Man i. vi. 85 Alæ or Nymphæ two fleshy substances like unto those which are seene in a cocke under his bill almost ioyned in the beginning.

1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) iii. x. 151/1 Four [muscles] serve to widen the Nose, while the Alæ or Wings being drawn upwards, they open the holes of the Nostrils.

1696 tr. C. G. Le Clerc Compl. Surgeon 26 The two other Dilatators resembling a Myrtle-Leaf have their Source in the Bone of the Nose, and are inserted in the middle of the Ala.

1756 Philos. Trans. 1755 (Royal Soc.) 49 193 I laid the intire bone bare..even down to the ala of the nose.

1784 Syst. Anat. I. 108 The sphenoidal bone is almost complete in a fœtus of nine months; only the great alæ separate after maceration from the body of the bone.

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. II. 858 The alæ of the nose become swelled and scabrous.

1881 F. Fitzwygram Horses & Stables (ed. 2) iii. xxiii. 300 The noise, which some horses make by flapping the alæ of their nostrils, has occasionally been mistaken by inexperienced people for roaring.

1901 Gray's Anat. (rev. ed.) 96 The superior border [of the vomer]..presents a deep groove, bounded on each side by a horizontal projecting ala of bone.

1955 R. Macintosh & M. Ostlere Local Analgesia Head & Neck viii. 69 The lateral branch..supplies the skin on the lateral side of the nose, including the ala.

2010 I. Shaw et al. Oxf. Textbk. Anaesthesia Oral & Maxillofacial Surg. vi. 73/2 The vomerovaginal canal lies between the upper surface of the vaginal process of the sphenoid bone and the ala of the vomer.

2. Botany.

†a. An axil, or junction of a branch with the trunk or stem of a plant; = wing n. 11a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > fork

grain1513

crotch1573

ala1707

clof1789

axil1791

tree-fork1922

1707 H. Sloane Voy. Islands I. 71 Out of the Ala or bosom of this Branch rise two round, small, green, two Inches long Stalks.

1744 J. Wilson Synopsis Brit. Plants 1 Ala, is the Sinus of a Stalk, which the leaf or pedicle makes with the stalk or branches.

1765 J. Bartram Diary 25 July in Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. (1942) 33 16/1 Out of y^e alla..shoots y^e flower stem 4 or more inches long produceing A perianthium divided in six parts.

1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. v. 53 Branches which grow from their alæ.

1820 Trans. Hort. Soc. London 3 164 The plants produce sprouts of flowers from the alæ of the leaves.

1881 Garden 13 Aug. 165/1 The Brussels Sprouts, which are such a useful and delicate winter vegetable, and forms little knots or sprouts in the alæ of each leaf.

b. A wing-like division of a leaf; esp. a leaflet of a pinnate or other compound leaf, or each of the lateral divisions of the frond of a fern. Cf. wing n. 11b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > [noun] > leaflet

lacinia1668

label1672

pinna1703

label1707

pinnula1707

ala1712

lobe1731

pinnule1751

lobe-leaf1758

leafit1761

little leaf1775

wing1776

foliole1785

leaflet1811

lobelet1850

auricle1861

lobule1880

pinnulet1881

pointrel1881

1712 Philos. Trans. 1710–12 (Royal Soc.) 27 376 It [sc. a fern] differs from the common Polypody, in having its Alæ or Wings deeply jagged or torn.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Leaf Pinnatifid Leaf expresses one divided into several parts in form of alæ.

1864 A. S. Fuller Grape Culturist 105 In the Post Oak grape leaf the lobes 1 and 5 overlap the leaf-stalk and these portions which do this are called alae, or wings.

1911 E. W. Berry in Maryland Geol. Surv.: Lower Cretaceous 468 The rachis lacks definite alae but it is somewhat flattened with a vestigial wing on each side in the form of a raised line.

2002 Amer. Fern Jrnl. 92 21 Hymenophyllum tunbrigense differs in having larger fronds, straight rachises with wider alae..and sinuous involucres.

c. Each of the two lateral petals of a papilionaceous flower; = wing n. 11c.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [noun] > parts of > petal > of particular shape or position

keel1597

vexillum1703

standard1725

ala1731

wing1776

banner1785

vexil1813

winglet1855

keel-petal1876

pterygium1896

1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. (at cited word) Alæ is also used to signify those Petalæ of papilionaceous Flowers plac'd between the Vexillum and the Carinæ, which the French call, Les aîles des Fleurs legumineuses.

1757 J. Hill Eden 555/1 The Vexillum of the Flower is very large..: the Alæ and Carina stand together in a little Body defended by the Vexillum.

1840 Hooker's Jrnl. Bot. 2 70 In some genera..the æstivation is regularly twisted.., and sometimes the alæ are outside instead of the carina, the vexillum remaining inside of all.

1879 Jrnl. Hort., Cottage Gardener & Home Farmer 1 May 325/2 Few New Holland plants excel Eutaxia myrtifolia in delicate prettiness... The flowers are bright yellow, the lower portions of the alæ and standard shaded with orange red.

1908 J. R. A. Davis tr. P. Knuth Handbk. Flower Pollination II. 300 The upper edges of the alae are fused together, so that when a suitable insect visits the flower both alae and carina must simultaneously be depressed.

1947 D. H. Robinson Leguminous Forage Plants (ed. 2) i. 2 Next comes a pair of similar petals called wing-petals, or Alæ.

1979 Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 66 522 The calyx is a velvety dark brown or dull green, the standard a rich vermilion or even crimson, the relatively small alae a greenish brown.

2003 O. von Helversen & Y. Winter in T. H. Kunz & M. B. Fenton Bat Ecol. viii. 354 To gain access to the nectar, the bat must grasp the flower with its thumbs and hind legs and press its snout into the slit between the two alae.

3. Architecture. A room or alcove on either side of the atrium in an ancient Roman house.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room by situation > [noun] > side room

side room1698

ala1764

sitooterie1920

1764 R. Adam Ruins Palace Diocletian at Spalatro 9 Next to the Alæ of the Atrium..are two passages.

1832 W. Gell Pompeiana I. i. 9 The atrium has two alæ in one of which is an altar.

1899 F. W. Kelsey tr. A. Mau Pompeii xxxviii. 303 In the right ala is an elaborate house shrine.

1906 R. Sturgis Hist. Archit. I. v. vi. 403 The ala on the left as you enter having been taken up for use as a store-room or the like.

1990 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 94 122/1 Smaller rooms receiving architectural and illusionistic systems are represented by the Vettii and Centenario alae.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	ala
释义	alan.¹ Brit. /ˈeɪlə/, U.S. /ˈeɪlə/ Inflections: Plural alae /ˈeɪliː/. Forms: 1600s– ala, 1700s alla. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin āla. Etymology: < classical Latin āla wing, upper arm, armpit, fin, axil of a branch or leaf, wing or flank of an army, unit of auxiliary troops, unit or squadron of cavalry, recess on either side of an atrium, in post-classical Latin also one of the lateral cartilages of the nose (1363 in Chauliac) < the same Indo-European base as axle n.¹ Compare French aile (1st half of the 12th cent. in Old French as ele), Old Occitan ala (1200), Spanish ala (1st half of the 13th cent.), Portuguese ala (14th cent.), Italian ala (late 13th cent.).In plural form alae after the Latin plural form. 1. Anatomy. A wing-like structure or process; spec. (a) the lateral cartilage of each side of the nose; (b) either of the two wings (great and small) of the sphenoid bone; (c) a horizontal projection from each side of the superior border of the vomer bone. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > cartilage > cartilage of specific parts > [noun] > of nose ala1634 wing1650 pinna1668 pterygium1684 the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > projection or protuberance > [noun] > wing wing1650 ala1784 alation1860 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια iv. xvi. 239 The extuberations of these winges are called hillocks or mountainets (Vesalius calleth these extuberations alæ or wings, the other labra or lippes) and the mount of Venus.] 1634 A. Read Man. Anat. Body of Man i. vi. 85 Alæ or Nymphæ two fleshy substances like unto those which are seene in a cocke under his bill almost ioyned in the beginning. 1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) iii. x. 151/1 Four [muscles] serve to widen the Nose, while the Alæ or Wings being drawn upwards, they open the holes of the Nostrils. 1696 tr. C. G. Le Clerc Compl. Surgeon 26 The two other Dilatators resembling a Myrtle-Leaf have their Source in the Bone of the Nose, and are inserted in the middle of the Ala. 1756 Philos. Trans. 1755 (Royal Soc.) 49 193 I laid the intire bone bare..even down to the ala of the nose. 1784 Syst. Anat. I. 108 The sphenoidal bone is almost complete in a fœtus of nine months; only the great alæ separate after maceration from the body of the bone. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. II. 858 The alæ of the nose become swelled and scabrous. 1881 F. Fitzwygram Horses & Stables (ed. 2) iii. xxiii. 300 The noise, which some horses make by flapping the alæ of their nostrils, has occasionally been mistaken by inexperienced people for roaring. 1901 Gray's Anat. (rev. ed.) 96 The superior border [of the vomer]..presents a deep groove, bounded on each side by a horizontal projecting ala of bone. 1955 R. Macintosh & M. Ostlere Local Analgesia Head & Neck viii. 69 The lateral branch..supplies the skin on the lateral side of the nose, including the ala. 2010 I. Shaw et al. Oxf. Textbk. Anaesthesia Oral & Maxillofacial Surg. vi. 73/2 The vomerovaginal canal lies between the upper surface of the vaginal process of the sphenoid bone and the ala of the vomer. 2. Botany. †a. An axil, or junction of a branch with the trunk or stem of a plant; = wing n. 11a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > fork grain1513 crotch1573 ala1707 clof1789 axil1791 tree-fork1922 1707 H. Sloane Voy. Islands I. 71 Out of the Ala or bosom of this Branch rise two round, small, green, two Inches long Stalks. 1744 J. Wilson Synopsis Brit. Plants 1 Ala, is the Sinus of a Stalk, which the leaf or pedicle makes with the stalk or branches. 1765 J. Bartram Diary 25 July in Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. (1942) 33 16/1 Out of y^e alla..shoots y^e flower stem 4 or more inches long produceing A perianthium divided in six parts. 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. v. 53 Branches which grow from their alæ. 1820 Trans. Hort. Soc. London 3 164 The plants produce sprouts of flowers from the alæ of the leaves. 1881 Garden 13 Aug. 165/1 The Brussels Sprouts, which are such a useful and delicate winter vegetable, and forms little knots or sprouts in the alæ of each leaf. b. A wing-like division of a leaf; esp. a leaflet of a pinnate or other compound leaf, or each of the lateral divisions of the frond of a fern. Cf. wing n. 11b. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > [noun] > leaflet lacinia1668 label1672 pinna1703 label1707 pinnula1707 ala1712 lobe1731 pinnule1751 lobe-leaf1758 leafit1761 little leaf1775 wing1776 foliole1785 leaflet1811 lobelet1850 auricle1861 lobule1880 pinnulet1881 pointrel1881 1712 Philos. Trans. 1710–12 (Royal Soc.) 27 376 It [sc. a fern] differs from the common Polypody, in having its Alæ or Wings deeply jagged or torn. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Leaf Pinnatifid Leaf expresses one divided into several parts in form of alæ. 1864 A. S. Fuller Grape Culturist 105 In the Post Oak grape leaf the lobes 1 and 5 overlap the leaf-stalk and these portions which do this are called alae, or wings. 1911 E. W. Berry in Maryland Geol. Surv.: Lower Cretaceous 468 The rachis lacks definite alae but it is somewhat flattened with a vestigial wing on each side in the form of a raised line. 2002 Amer. Fern Jrnl. 92 21 Hymenophyllum tunbrigense differs in having larger fronds, straight rachises with wider alae..and sinuous involucres. c. Each of the two lateral petals of a papilionaceous flower; = wing n. 11c. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [noun] > parts of > petal > of particular shape or position keel1597 vexillum1703 standard1725 ala1731 wing1776 banner1785 vexil1813 winglet1855 keel-petal1876 pterygium1896 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. (at cited word) Alæ is also used to signify those Petalæ of papilionaceous Flowers plac'd between the Vexillum and the Carinæ, which the French call, Les aîles des Fleurs legumineuses. 1757 J. Hill Eden 555/1 The Vexillum of the Flower is very large..: the Alæ and Carina stand together in a little Body defended by the Vexillum. 1840 Hooker's Jrnl. Bot. 2 70 In some genera..the æstivation is regularly twisted.., and sometimes the alæ are outside instead of the carina, the vexillum remaining inside of all. 1879 Jrnl. Hort., Cottage Gardener & Home Farmer 1 May 325/2 Few New Holland plants excel Eutaxia myrtifolia in delicate prettiness... The flowers are bright yellow, the lower portions of the alæ and standard shaded with orange red. 1908 J. R. A. Davis tr. P. Knuth Handbk. Flower Pollination II. 300 The upper edges of the alae are fused together, so that when a suitable insect visits the flower both alae and carina must simultaneously be depressed. 1947 D. H. Robinson Leguminous Forage Plants (ed. 2) i. 2 Next comes a pair of similar petals called wing-petals, or Alæ. 1979 Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 66 522 The calyx is a velvety dark brown or dull green, the standard a rich vermilion or even crimson, the relatively small alae a greenish brown. 2003 O. von Helversen & Y. Winter in T. H. Kunz & M. B. Fenton Bat Ecol. viii. 354 To gain access to the nectar, the bat must grasp the flower with its thumbs and hind legs and press its snout into the slit between the two alae. 3. Architecture. A room or alcove on either side of the atrium in an ancient Roman house. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room by situation > [noun] > side room side room1698 ala1764 sitooterie1920 1764 R. Adam Ruins Palace Diocletian at Spalatro 9 Next to the Alæ of the Atrium..are two passages. 1832 W. Gell Pompeiana I. i. 9 The atrium has two alæ in one of which is an altar. 1899 F. W. Kelsey tr. A. Mau Pompeii xxxviii. 303 In the right ala is an elaborate house shrine. 1906 R. Sturgis Hist. Archit. I. v. vi. 403 The ala on the left as you enter having been taken up for use as a store-room or the like. 1990 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 94 122/1 Smaller rooms receiving architectural and illusionistic systems are represented by the Vettii and Centenario alae. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). Alan.² Brit. /ˌeɪɛlˈeɪ/, U.S. /ˌeɪˌɛlˈeɪ/ Forms: also with lower-case initial. Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: alanine n. Etymology: Shortened from alanine n., as a graphic abbreviation. Biochemistry. The amino acid alanine. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic compounds > [noun] > amino acids alanine1850 serine1870 amino-acid1887 histidine1896 canavanine1932 Glu1937 Gly1937 Ala1945 Asp1945 alliin1947 Asn1957 Asx1957 Glx1958 Gln1961 1945 E. Brand et al. in Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 67 1531/2 The empirical formula in terms of amino acid residues is (using the first 3 letters of each as the symbol for the amino acid residues):..Ala₂₉. 1990 EMBO Jrnl. 9 2464/1 All possible codons of the sequence Ala-Ala-Asp-Lys-Thr (sense) and Lys-Gln-Tyr-Phe-Glu (antisense). 2008 A. J. F. Griffiths et al. Introd. Genetic Anal. (ed. 9) x. 377 The glutamine (Gln), serine (Ser), and alanine (Ala) residues of the λ repressor. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). > as lemmas ALA ALA phr. (also A.L.A., a.l.a., ala) British (in personal advertisements) all letters answered. ΚΠ 1974 Gay News 28 Mar. 18/1 Gay male, 26, wishes to make new friends... Please write. Photo appreciated. ALA. 1987 Time Out 21 Oct. 119/1 Colin ‘lookalike’ is looking for his Barry. Is it you?.. Photo/phone. a.l.a. 2008 A. Lister Swingers: Female Confidential 7 First Timers Seek Similar—she bi-curious and eager to find out more. ALA. extracted from An. < n.¹1634n.²1945 as lemmas
随便看	afterdate afterday afterdeal afterdeath afterdeck afterdecks afterdeliberation afterdescribed afterdinner afterdischarge afterdrop aftereatage afterecho aftereffect aftereffects afterenquiry aftereye afterfall afterfame afterfeather afterfeed afterframe afterfriend afterfruit aftergame

alan.1

Alan.2

> as lemmas

alan.¹

Alan.²