affodilln.

Brit.

/ˈafədɪl/, U.S.

/ˈæfəˌdɪl/

Forms:

α. Middle English affadill, Middle English affadille, Middle English affadyl, Middle English affedylle, Middle English affodal, Middle English 1600s affodille, Middle English–1500s affadyll, Middle English–1500s affadylle, Middle English–1500s affodyll, Middle English–1500s affodylle, Middle English–1600s affodill, 1500s–1600s affodyl, 1500s–1600s 1800s affodil; English regional (Cheshire) 1800s affadil, 1800s– affodill, 1900s– affodil.

β. 1500s affrodylles (plural), 1500s aphrodill, 1600s aphrodil, 1600s aphrodilles (plural); English regional (Cheshire) 1800s affrodile, 1800s avandrill, 1800s– haverdril, 1900s– affrodil.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French affodille; Latin affodillus, asfodillus.

Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman affadille, Anglo-Norman and Middle French affodille asphodel, sweet woodruff (c1250 in Old French; also in Anglo-Norman denoting ramsons or wild garlic and perhaps also chives); and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin affodillus (4th cent.; from 11th cent. in British sources), variant of asfodillus (5th cent.), alteration (after formations in -illus : see -illa suffix) of asfodilus (5th cent.), variant of classical Latin asphodelus asphodel n. In later use in sense 2 reborrowed < German Affodill (1577 or earlier; < Middle French affodille and its etymon post-classical Latin affodillus ). Compare Old Occitan afodille (early 13th cent.), afodilh (c1300), Italian asfodelo (c1350 as asfodillo ), and also Dutch affodil , affodille (c1545; 1515 as †affodillus ). Compare asphodel n., daffodil n.In the β. forms with medial -r- after Middle French, French †affrodille, †afrodille, †aphrodille, etc. (16th cent.) and its etymon post-classical Latin aphrodillus (compare quot. 1538 at sense 2), variant of affodillus apparently arising by association with other plant names in aphr- , as e.g. aphrodisias yellow iris, aphron , a sort of wild poppy, etc. Compare Old Occitan afrodil , affrodil (c1200) and Middle Low German affrodille (early 14th cent.). Compare also frodils n. and French forms cited at that entry.

Now historical and rare.

†1. The plant ramsons, Allium ursinum. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > onion, leek, or garlic > garlic > wild garlic

ramseOE

ramsonsOE

affodilla1400

ramps?a1425

ramsey1499

wild leek1551

bear's garlic1578

buckrams1578

lily leek1597

moly1597

vine-leek1597

wild chive1784

ramp1826

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 82 (MED) An hory wounde shal be heelid..wiþ poudre of affodill.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 115 R[ecipe] radicis..affodillez [L. affodillorum; ?c1425 Paris of Ramsens].

c1450 in W. R. Dawson Leechbk. (1934) 180 (MED) The decoccion of affodalis, þat is, ramson.

?c1450 in Anglia (1896) 18 322 (MED) Þer arn lekys fywe..Garlec þe ton, lec þe toþer, Squirle[c] is þe grete broþer, Gracia dei þat growyth in mede, Affodylle þe fyfte schrede.

a1500 (?a1450) Treat. Gardening l. 178 in Archaeologia (1894) 54 166 (MED) Yn the moneth of Auerell Set & sow..Affodyll, redeuay, primrole.

†2. Any of several asphodels; esp. the yellow-flowered Asphodeline lutea, native to southern Europe and formerly cultivated for medicinal use. Obsolete.In this sense Daffodill and Daffadilly are mentioned as variant forms of Affodil as early as 1538 and as late as 1611.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > lily and allied flowers > asphodels

affodill1440

daffodilly1538

daffodil1548

asphodel1597

king's spear1597

onion asphodel1597

knavery1640

frodils1674

Scotch asphodel1771

ten o'clock1826

bog asphodel1881

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 7 Affodylle herbe [1499 Pynson Affadyll herbe], affodillus, albucea, [a1500 King's Cambr. affadilla.]

?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 1 Affadyll, herba Affadillus.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 193/2 Affadyll a yelowe floure—affrodille [sc. Asphodelus luteus].

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. 648 Bysides these two kindes there is found another Affodyl, whose leaues be longer & narrower then the leaues of the first kind, the stalkes be also round, & loden with pleasant yellow flowers.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Affrodille, th' Affodille, or Asphodill flower.

1615 G. Markham Eng. Hus-wife in Countrey Contentments 28 You must be carefull that you take not Daffodil for Affodil.

1640 E. Chilmead tr. J. Ferrand Ερωτομανια xxxix. 353 Dioscorides prescribes for this purpose the Powder of Aphrodilles, and the seed of Coltes foot, given in drinke.

1658 T. Collins Choice Exper. Physick & Chirurgery 206 The root of Affodil having in it vertue to quicken and strengthen, doth cherish the heart by defending it from poison and keeping it in strength.

1851 E. Ronalds & T. Richardson tr. F. Knapp Chem. Technol. III. 434 In the south of Europe and Algiers, the fruit of the Cactus Opuntia has been proposed for a similar purpose [i.e. as a source of sugar]; and in Greece a species of wild affodil (Asphodelus) [Ger. eine Art..wildwachsenden Affodils].

3. The daffodil (genus Narcissus). In later use chiefly English regional (Cheshire).In this sense the variant daffodil n. became almost from the first the accepted form; so that eventually Affodill was confined to Asphodelus, and Daffodil to Narcissus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > daffodil and allied flowers > daffodil or narcissus

narcissusOE

daffodil1548

laus tibi1548

affodill1551

primrose peerless1578

narciss1586

jonquil1629

Spanish trumpet1664

hoop-petticoat1731

poet's narcissus?1786

poet's daffodil1798

Queen Anne's double jonquil1806

polyanthus narcissus1841

tazetta1847

sweet Nancy1848

polyanth narcissus1856

pheasant's eye1872

peerless primrose1884

Tenby daffodil1884

Queen Anne's daffodil1889

poetaz1906

1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. B iij^v I could neuer se thys herb [asphodelos—ryght affodill] in England but ones, for the herbe that the people calleth here affodill or daffodill is a kynd of narcissus.

1826 R. Wilbraham Attempt Gloss. Cheshire (ed. 2) 13 Affrodile, the daffodil.

1885 R. Holland Cheshire Gloss. Haverdril, a daffodil, Narcissus Pseudo-Narcissus. Morley.

1948 C. Mackenzie All over Place 233 Our daffodils were originally ‘affodils’, which was a variant of ‘asphodels’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	affodill
释义	affodilln. Brit. /ˈafədɪl/, U.S. /ˈæfəˌdɪl/ Forms: α. Middle English affadill, Middle English affadille, Middle English affadyl, Middle English affedylle, Middle English affodal, Middle English 1600s affodille, Middle English–1500s affadyll, Middle English–1500s affadylle, Middle English–1500s affodyll, Middle English–1500s affodylle, Middle English–1600s affodill, 1500s–1600s affodyl, 1500s–1600s 1800s affodil; English regional (Cheshire) 1800s affadil, 1800s– affodill, 1900s– affodil. β. 1500s affrodylles (plural), 1500s aphrodill, 1600s aphrodil, 1600s aphrodilles (plural); English regional (Cheshire) 1800s affrodile, 1800s avandrill, 1800s– haverdril, 1900s– affrodil. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French affodille; Latin affodillus, asfodillus. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman affadille, Anglo-Norman and Middle French affodille asphodel, sweet woodruff (c1250 in Old French; also in Anglo-Norman denoting ramsons or wild garlic and perhaps also chives); and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin affodillus (4th cent.; from 11th cent. in British sources), variant of asfodillus (5th cent.), alteration (after formations in -illus : see -illa suffix) of asfodilus (5th cent.), variant of classical Latin asphodelus asphodel n. In later use in sense 2 reborrowed < German Affodill (1577 or earlier; < Middle French affodille and its etymon post-classical Latin affodillus ). Compare Old Occitan afodille (early 13th cent.), afodilh (c1300), Italian asfodelo (c1350 as asfodillo ), and also Dutch affodil , affodille (c1545; 1515 as †affodillus ). Compare asphodel n., daffodil n.In the β. forms with medial -r- after Middle French, French †affrodille, †afrodille, †aphrodille, etc. (16th cent.) and its etymon post-classical Latin aphrodillus (compare quot. 1538 at sense 2), variant of affodillus apparently arising by association with other plant names in aphr- , as e.g. aphrodisias yellow iris, aphron , a sort of wild poppy, etc. Compare Old Occitan afrodil , affrodil (c1200) and Middle Low German affrodille (early 14th cent.). Compare also frodils n. and French forms cited at that entry. Now historical and rare. †1. The plant ramsons, Allium ursinum. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > onion, leek, or garlic > garlic > wild garlic ramseOE ramsonsOE affodilla1400 ramps?a1425 ramsey1499 wild leek1551 bear's garlic1578 buckrams1578 lily leek1597 moly1597 vine-leek1597 wild chive1784 ramp1826 a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 82 (MED) An hory wounde shal be heelid..wiþ poudre of affodill. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 115 R[ecipe] radicis..affodillez [L. affodillorum; ?c1425 Paris of Ramsens]. c1450 in W. R. Dawson Leechbk. (1934) 180 (MED) The decoccion of affodalis, þat is, ramson. ?c1450 in Anglia (1896) 18 322 (MED) Þer arn lekys fywe..Garlec þe ton, lec þe toþer, Squirle[c] is þe grete broþer, Gracia dei þat growyth in mede, Affodylle þe fyfte schrede. a1500 (?a1450) Treat. Gardening l. 178 in Archaeologia (1894) 54 166 (MED) Yn the moneth of Auerell Set & sow..Affodyll, redeuay, primrole. †2. Any of several asphodels; esp. the yellow-flowered Asphodeline lutea, native to southern Europe and formerly cultivated for medicinal use. Obsolete.In this sense Daffodill and Daffadilly are mentioned as variant forms of Affodil as early as 1538 and as late as 1611. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > lily and allied flowers > asphodels affodill1440 daffodilly1538 daffodil1548 asphodel1597 king's spear1597 onion asphodel1597 knavery1640 frodils1674 Scotch asphodel1771 ten o'clock1826 bog asphodel1881 Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 7 Affodylle herbe [1499 Pynson Affadyll herbe], affodillus, albucea, [a1500 King's Cambr. affadilla.] ?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 1 Affadyll, herba Affadillus. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 193/2 Affadyll a yelowe floure—affrodille [sc. Asphodelus luteus]. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. 648 Bysides these two kindes there is found another Affodyl, whose leaues be longer & narrower then the leaues of the first kind, the stalkes be also round, & loden with pleasant yellow flowers. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Affrodille, th' Affodille, or Asphodill flower. 1615 G. Markham Eng. Hus-wife in Countrey Contentments 28 You must be carefull that you take not Daffodil for Affodil. 1640 E. Chilmead tr. J. Ferrand Ερωτομανια xxxix. 353 Dioscorides prescribes for this purpose the Powder of Aphrodilles, and the seed of Coltes foot, given in drinke. 1658 T. Collins Choice Exper. Physick & Chirurgery 206 The root of Affodil having in it vertue to quicken and strengthen, doth cherish the heart by defending it from poison and keeping it in strength. 1851 E. Ronalds & T. Richardson tr. F. Knapp Chem. Technol. III. 434 In the south of Europe and Algiers, the fruit of the Cactus Opuntia has been proposed for a similar purpose [i.e. as a source of sugar]; and in Greece a species of wild affodil (Asphodelus) [Ger. eine Art..wildwachsenden Affodils]. 3. The daffodil (genus Narcissus). In later use chiefly English regional (Cheshire).In this sense the variant daffodil n. became almost from the first the accepted form; so that eventually Affodill was confined to Asphodelus, and Daffodil to Narcissus. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > daffodil and allied flowers > daffodil or narcissus narcissusOE daffodil1548 laus tibi1548 affodill1551 primrose peerless1578 narciss1586 jonquil1629 Spanish trumpet1664 hoop-petticoat1731 poet's narcissus?1786 poet's daffodil1798 Queen Anne's double jonquil1806 polyanthus narcissus1841 tazetta1847 sweet Nancy1848 polyanth narcissus1856 pheasant's eye1872 peerless primrose1884 Tenby daffodil1884 Queen Anne's daffodil1889 poetaz1906 1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. B iij^v I could neuer se thys herb [asphodelos—ryght affodill] in England but ones, for the herbe that the people calleth here affodill or daffodill is a kynd of narcissus. 1826 R. Wilbraham Attempt Gloss. Cheshire (ed. 2) 13 Affrodile, the daffodil. 1885 R. Holland Cheshire Gloss. Haverdril, a daffodil, Narcissus Pseudo-Narcissus. Morley. 1948 C. Mackenzie All over Place 233 Our daffodils were originally ‘affodils’, which was a variant of ‘asphodels’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1400
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