chromen.
/krəʊm/, U.S. /kroʊm/ Chemistry.
1.
a. The name originally given to the metal chromium n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > chromium > [noun]
chrome1800
chromium1807
Cr1833
1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 3 173 Cit. Vauquelin..on a new metallic acid which he discovered in the red lead of Siberia..it had the property of changing all its saline or earthy combinations to a red or orange colour. This property, and that of producing variegated and beautiful colours when combined with metals, induced him to give it the name of chrôme.
1806 W. Henry Epitome Chem. (ed. 4) i. xviii. 251 The emerald derives its colo from the oxide of chrome; and the ruby from the acid.
1832 G. R. Porter Treat. Manuf. Porcelain & Glass 277 The protoxide of chromium may be used for producing a green colour in glass..Chrome is the natural colouring matter of the precious emerald.
1837 J. Macculloch Proofs Attrib. God III. xlv. 182 The existence of Chrome was unsuspected.
1871 G. Hartwig Subterranean World xxxi. 385 Chrome, like cobalt, is used chiefly as a pigment.
b. = chromium-plate n., chromium-plating n. at chromium n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > plated or coated metal > [noun] > chromium-plate
chromium-plate1924
chromium-plating1924
chrome1937
1937 Chem. Abstr. 31 2763 Chrome-plated molds for semiautomatic machines of the Kutcher type.
1961 Amer. Speech 36 272 Armenian chrome, the aluminium paint used to cover spots on a truck's chrome when preparing it for resale.
1962 Which? Car Suppl. Oct. 139/2 The chrome strip on the left rear wing was coming adrift.
1962 Which? Car Suppl. Oct. 140/1 Lower chrome strip on running board [was] insecure.
2.
Categories »
a. Applied to the yellow pigment and colour obtained from chromate of lead; as orange chrome, lemon chrome.
b. A chromium compound used in dyeing (e.g. sodium dichromate) or tanning.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic dyes > [noun] > miscellaneous others
safranine1868
chrome1876
azo-colours1879
azine1887
auxochrome1893
Michler's hydrol1910
hypsochrome1917
merocyanine1937
the world > matter > colour > colouring > colouring matter > [noun] > dye > types of dyes
pallOE
sanders1329
raddlea1350
nutgallc1450
bark1565
logwood1581
sanders-wood1615
catechu1682
cate1698
cachou1708
valonia1722
India wood1742
cutch1759
alizari1769
standard1808
iron buff1836
colorine1838
acid dye1840
garancin1843
French tub1846
suranji1848
morindin1849
water blue1851
union dye1852
indigo-carmine1855
hernant1858
pigment colour1862
rosaniline1862
rose aniline1862
bezetta1863
bottom1863
acid colour1873
paraphenylenediamine1873
indigo-extract1874
tin-pulp1874
phthalein1875
sightening1875
chrome1876
rose bengal1878
azo-colours1879
azine1887
basic dye1892
chromotrope1893
garance1896
ice colour1896
xylochrome1898
cross-dye1901
indanthrene1901
Lithol1903
vat dye1903
thioindigo1906
para red1907
vat colour1912
vat dyestuff1914
indanthrone1920
ionamine1922
Soledon1924
Solochrome1924
Solacet1938
indigoid1939
thioindigoid1943
fluorol1956
Procion1956
1876 Textile Colourist 2 210 Caustic chrome, that is a mixture of bichromate of potash and lime.
1893 E. Knecht et al. Man. Dyeing 771 Potassium bichromate, K2Cr2O7, known to the trade also as ‘bichrome’, or ‘chrome’.
1906 Dyer 20 Jan. 10/1 The dyestuffs are fixed with chrome, and the printing colors are best prepared with the addition of acetate of chrome.
1961 H. Blackshaw & R. Brightman Dict. Dyeing 38 ‘Chrome’, a colloquial term which is applied loosely to any chromium compound which may be used in textile processing.
c. elliptical for chrome leather. Also attributive.
ΚΠ
1907 G. D. Abraham Compl. Mountaineer iii. 29 The leather for the uppers should be the best zug or chrome, soft and absolutely waterproof.
1955 Times 4 July 11/5 The British chrome kid tanners are concerned chiefly with certain kinds of Indian goatskins which are especially suitable for the chrome kid industry, for shoes, handbags, [etc.].
Compounds
General attributive.
Categories »
chrome alum n. a double sulphate of chromium and an alkali-metal, isomorphous with common alum.
chrome-black n. a colour produced by dyeing goods in a black dye and setting the colours by the use of potassium dichromate and copper sulphate.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > black or blackness > [noun] > colour produced by dyeing
madder-black1705
chrome-black1874
1874 W. Crookes Pract. Handbk. Dyeing 544 Chrome-blacks are cheap.
1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 690/2 Chrome Black is an oxidation colour produced by printing with logwood liquor and passing the goods through a bath of bichromate of potash.
chrome-blue n. a mordant coal-tar dye used chiefly in cotton-printing.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > blue colouring matter > [noun] > dyes and dyestuffs > other dyes
stone-blue1675
starch blue1742
Saxon blue1753
fig-blue1786
chemic1792
Turkey blue1815
Paris blue1835
Saxony blue1857
soluble blue1879
methylene blue1882
indoin1884
phenylene blue1884
indamine1888
Nile blue1888
gallamine blue1889
neutral blue1889
chrome-blue1892
toluidine blue1898
indanthrene1901
Saxe blue1905
trypan blue1911
mandarin blue1912
1892 Dyer 20 Jan. 3/1 Chrome Blue is sold in the form of a paste of a blue-black color. Its special characteristic is that with chrome mordants it gives very bright blues.
chrome brick n. a brick made from chrome iron ore.
ΚΠ
1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §102 Chrome brick maker.
Categories »
chrome colour n. a colour prepared from a salt of chromium.
chrome furnace n. a furnace in which chrome ores are converted into dichromates.
ΚΠ
?1881 Census Eng. & Wales: Instr. Clerks classifying Occupations & Ages (?1885) 58 Chrome Furnace Man.
1899 Daily News 20 June 5/5 To make a trial of stopping the chrome furnaces.
chrome garnet n. a pigment prepared from basic chromate of lead.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > colouring > colouring matter > [noun] > types of
lac1558
purpurin1558
colourish1598
earth1598
watercolour1598
earth colour1658
encaustic1662
lake1684
virgin tint1706
mosaic gold1746
bronze1753
gold bronze1769
cake colour1784
musive gold1796
sap-colour1816
repaint1827
moist colour1842
bronze powder1846
wax-colour1854
wax pigment1854
bitumen1855
chrome garnet1876
zinc-dust1877
zinc-powder1881
terra nera1882
earth pigment1900
1876 Encycl. Brit. V. 705/1 Ouvarovite, or chrome garnet, Si3CaCr2O10.
chrome green n. (a) the sesquioxide of chromium (Cr2O3), much used as a pigment; also (b) applied to a pigment made by mixing chrome yellow with Prussian blue.
ΚΠ
1879 H. Watts Dict. Chem. I. 934 With Prussian blue it [chrome-yellow] forms a green mixture, called chrome-green, or green cinnabar.
1879 H. Watts Dict. Chem. I. 949 Chromic oxide..forming one of the most permanent greens, called chrome-green.
chrome handler n. one who tans leather by treating it with a solution of chromium salts.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific materials > worker with skins or hides > [noun] > worker with leather > tanner > types of
whittawera1200
tawerc1384
tewerc1440
chrome handler1921
1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §333 Chrome handler; immerses hides and skins in chrome tanning pits, under direction of tanyard foreman.
chrome hole n. a hole made in the flesh by the caustic action of potassium bichromate.
ΚΠ
1908 Practitioner Dec. 838 The dust of potassium bichromate, acting as a caustic, produces the ‘chrome hole’ of those engaged in its manufacture.
chrome ink n. an ink made from logwood and sodium carbonate.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > equipment for painting or drawing > [noun] > ink
atramenta1398
chrome ink1880
1880 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 80/1 Under the name of chrome ink a black ink was discovered and prepared by the chemist Runge.
chrome iron ore n. (also called chrome iron-stone) chrome iron, chrome ore, and chromate of iron, chromite), the most abundant ore of chromium, consisting chiefly of chromic oxide (Cr2O3) and ferrous oxide (FeO).
ΚΠ
1866 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. xxiii. 200 The chief ore of this metal is a compound of the oxides of chromium and iron, called chrome iron-stone.
chrome leather n. chrome-tanned leather.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > [noun] > tanned leather > specific
leatherc1230
whitleather1384
tawc1562
Turkey leather1655
Turkey1715
chrome leather1882
chrome-tanned leather1882
1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 390/1 The stuffing with fat or paraffin of chrome leather.
1909 Westm. Gaz. 16 Nov. 6/2 A band of specially treated chrome leather.
1955 Times 11 July 13/5 The serious position of full chrome leather.
chrome maker n. one who makes chrome yellow pigments.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > colouring matter > [noun] > pigments > pigment-maker or dealer
ochreman1592
chrome maker1921
1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §143 Chrome maker; makes chrome yellow pigments by precipitating lead bichromate from a solution of potassium bichromate by running into it a solution of lead nitrate or acetate.
chrome-nickel steel n. a steel containing much chromium and nickel.
ΚΠ
1908 Westm. Gaz. 28 Apr. 4/3 Vanadium and chrome-nickel steels—the most expensive materials as they are considered to be the most suitable.
chrome ochre n. an argillaceous mineral containing chromic oxide (Cr2O3).
ΚΠ
1805 R. Jameson Syst. Mineral. II. 523 Chrome ochre.
Categories »
chrome orange n.
Categories »
chrome red n. pigments prepared from the dibasic chromate of lead (2PbO, CrO3).
chrome-spinel n. picotite.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > oxides and hydroxides > [noun] > spinel group AB2 O4 > others
picotite1814
franklinite1820
hausmannite1831
hercynite1849
jacobsite1869
hetaerolite1877
trippkeite1881
sapphirine1883
water-spinel1883
manganomagnetite1890
chrome-spinel1892
magnesiochromite1892
magnochromite1892
picrochromite1920
trevorite1921
ulvöspinel1947
taaffeite1951
nickel spinel1961
1892 E. S. Dana J. D. Dana's Syst. Mineral. (ed. 6) 221 Picotite or chrome-spinel.
chrome steel n. a hard fine-grained steel containing much chromium.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > steel > [noun] > alloy steels > chromium or stainless steel
chrome steel1878
stainless steel1917
Staybrite1925
stainless1971
1878 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 34 772 The history of the discovery of chrome-steel and ferrochrome by Berthier in 1821.
chrome-tanning n. the tanning of leather by treating it with an acid solution of potassium dichromate and afterwards with a reducing agent, so that chromic oxide combines with the fibre of the leather, rendering it tough and waterproof; hence chrome-tanned leather.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with skins > [noun] > converting to leather
tawing1408
barkingc1440
tewc1440
tanneryc1460
tanning1481
tannage1662
bark-tanning1707
leach1779
sumaching1792
chrome-tanning1882
stocking1883
sumac tanning1932
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > [noun] > tanned leather > specific
leatherc1230
whitleather1384
tawc1562
Turkey leather1655
Turkey1715
chrome leather1882
chrome-tanned leather1882
1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 389/2 Heinzerling's Chrome-tanned Leather.
1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 390/1 Sheep skins in chrome-tanning.
1903 L. A. Flemming Pract. Tanning 213 The following process of chrome tanning produces leather that possesses the good qualities of both alum and chrome leather.
1907 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 92 ii. 54 Chrome-tanning Liquors.
1957 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 849/2 Chrome-tanned leather has exceptionally good wearing properties.
1959 Chambers's Encycl. XIII. 456/2 In..chrome tanning for upper leather the hide or skin..is immersed in liquors made from chromium salts.
chrome violet n. a mordant acid-dye.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > purple dye or pigment > [noun]
turnsole1375
cork1483
jarecork1483
orchil1483
purple1519
purpurisse1519
archil1551
waycoriant1658
orchilla1703
cudbear1772
purple lake1785
imperial purple1788
mauve?1796
phenicin1823
French purple1830
indigo-purple1838
mauve1859
Perkin's mauve1859
violine1859
mauveine1863
purple of Cassiusc1865
tyroline1867
Paris violet1868
Hofmann violet1869
methyl violet1873
punicin1879
crystal violet1885
chrome violet1892
mineral violet1913
Monastral1936
manganese purple1937
1892 Dyer 20 Jan. 3/1 Chrome Violet..gives a fine red shade of violet, which is equally as fast to soaping as the Chrome Blue.
chrome yellow n. the neutral chromate of lead (PbCrO4), used as a yellow pigment; also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > colouring matter > [noun] > pigments
yelloweOE
motey1353
arsenica1393
orpimentc1395
auripigmenta1398
ochre1440
pink1464
massicot1472
yellow ochre1482
orpine1548
painter's gold1591
spruce1668
giallolino1728
king's yellow1738
Naples yellow1738
stil de grain1769
yellow earth1794
queen's yellow1806
chromate1819
chrome yellow1819
Oxford ochre1827
Indian yellow1831
Italian pink1835
Montpellier yellow1835
Turner1835
quercitron lake1837
jaune brillant1851
zinc chromate1851
zinc sulphide1851
brush-gold1861
zooxanthin1868
Oxford chrome1875
aureolin1879
cadmium yellow1879
Cassel yellow1882
Neapolitan yellow1891
zinc chrome1892
Mars1899
jaune jonquille1910
1819 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 5 738 A new and beautiful yellow pigment called chrome yellow or chromate of lead.
1859 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. V. 562/2 The chrome-yellow colour of the walls.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
chromev.
/krəʊm/, U.S. /kroʊm/ Dyeing.
transitive. To treat with a chromium solution, e.g. potassium dichromate. Chiefly as participial adjective and gerund or verbal noun.
ΚΠ
1876 Textile Colourist 2 35 Dark Brown for Steaming and Chroming.
1876 Textile Colourist 2 318 Chromed logwood colours have a tendency to become green.
1892 Dyer 20 Jan. 3/2 Chrome Violet may be used in wool dyeing on a chromed wool.
1893 E. Knecht et al. Man. Dyeing 352 The principal reason that tartar and tartaric acid have not been universally adopted in chroming is the expense.
1906 Dyer 20 Feb. 25/1 On chromed material it yields considerably darker shades.
1947 Nature 11 Jan. 53/2 Fundamental work on the chroming of wool.
1968 Somerset Life Oct.–Nov. 26/2 After washing and shearing the skins are then bleached and ‘chromed’ to ensure that they will never go bad.
Draft additions 1997
2. transitive. To add chromium-plated accessories to (a vehicle). Cf. chromed adj. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor car > [verb (transitive)] > add chromium-plated accessories
chrome1954
1954 Amer. Speech 29 94 ‘If it won't go, chrome it,’ i.e. if the car isn't fast, make it look pretty.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
> see also
also refers to : -chromecomb. form
<
n.1800
v.1876see also
- support band
- support barge
- support beam
- support bubble
- support buying
- support cost
- support floor
- support group
- support level
- support line
- support money
- support nature
- support party
- support price
- support service
- support staff
- support the chair
- support trench
- support vowel
- support wall
- supportabilities
- supportability
- supportable
- supportableness
- supportably