choleran.

Etymology: < classical Latin cholera (in post-classical Latin also colera) disease caused by bile, in post-classical Latin also bile (4th cent.), melancholy (from c1000 in British sources in cholera nigra black cholera), anger, rage (13th cent.) < ancient Greek χολέρα disease characterized by vomiting and diarrhoea, constipation, in Hellenistic Greek also nausea, of uncertain origin (see note). With sense 1 compare choler n. and foreign-language forms cited at that entry. Compare also Middle French cholera dysentery (1546; French choléra ), Catalan colèra bile, anger (14th cent.), Spanish cólera bile (2nd half of the 14th cent.), Portuguese cólera bile, anger (15th cent.), Italian collera anger (a1294), and also Middle Dutch colera dysentery (1460–2), bile (1514; Dutch cholera ), Middle Low German cōlera anger, rage, Old High German koloro anger, stomach ache (Middle High German colera anger, dysentery, German Cholera ), all attested from the 1st half of the 19th cent. in sense 4.Ancient Greek χολέρα was derived by the classical Latin medical writer Celsus from ancient Greek χολή bile (see chole- comb. form), and by the Byzantine Greek medical writer Alexander Trallianus from ancient Greek χολάς , usually in plural χολάδες, bowels, guts (which is morphologically less plausible). The same ending is also found (with differing gender and declension) in other names of diseases; compare ancient Greek ἴκτερος icterus n., ὕδερος dropsy. Originally borrowed into Middle English from post-classical Latin in senses corresponding to those of choler n. In sense 3 immediately after the classical Latin and Greek use of the word, reflecting increased interest in and access to the works of Pliny and other classical Latin authors around 1600. With red cholera at sense 1 compare post-classical Latin cholera rubea (from 8th cent. in British sources).