absolutiven.adj.

Brit.

/ˈabsəluːtɪv/,

/ˌabsəˈluːtɪv/,

/ˈabsəljuːtɪv/,

/ˌabsəˈljuːtɪv/, U.S.

/ˈˌæbsəˈˌl(j)udɪv/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: absolute adj., -ive suffix.

Etymology: < absolute adj. + -ive suffix. Compare post-classical Latin absolutivus, used in various senses by grammarians, e.g. positive (of adjective gradation), intransitive (4th cent.), (of nouns) independent (10th cent.), (of conjunctions) perfective, final (1524 in a British source).Compare the following early use in an English context of post-classical Latin absolutivus, designating a noun whose meaning is not dependent on any other noun:OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 14 Sume [naman] syndon absolvtivae [L. sunt et alia absolutiua], þæt synd ungebundene, þa ne behofiað nanre tiginge oðres naman: deus god, ratio gescead, mens mod.

Grammar.

A. n.

n. The absolute form of a word (see absolute adj. 1).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > inflection > [noun] > inflected form > uninflected form

absolutive1863

1863 T. Benfey Pract. Gram. Sanskrit ii. i. 144 In the sentence ‘having eaten he sleeps’ the words ‘having eaten’ are expressed by the absolutive.

1872 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 10 326 The style..hobbles along with the aid of bungling absolutives and participles.

1948 G. V. Tagare Historical Gram. Apabhraṁśa 324 In Prakrits we find the following terminations of the Absolutives.

1985 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 30 208 In a number of Mayan languages..absolutives but not ergatives relativize.

1996 Lit. & Ling. Computing 11 195/1 In transitive sentences the absolutive goes to the direct complement and the subject takes the ergative.

B. adj.

Of, relating to, or designating the absolute form of a word.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > morpheme > [adjective] > relating to affixes > suffixed or relating to suffixes > specific types of suffix

afformative1821

patrial1832

suffix-pronominal1869

absolutive1962

1914 L. Bloomfield Introd. Study Lang. vi. 179 For the second of the objects affected,..one adds specific mention of the object in an absolutive form.

1921 E. Sapir Lang. vi. 143 ‘Man this, the man’ is an absolutive form which may be used as the subject of an intransitive verb.

1962 Internat. Jrnl. Amer. Linguistics 28 247 There is no absolutive suffix in the sense of a morpheme.

1996 Lit. & Ling. Computing 11 195/1 [Basque] intransitive sentences have the subject in the absolutive case.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	absolutive
释义	absolutiven.adj. Brit. /ˈabsəluːtɪv/, /ˌabsəˈluːtɪv/, /ˈabsəljuːtɪv/, /ˌabsəˈljuːtɪv/, U.S. /ˈˌæbsəˈˌl(j)udɪv/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: absolute adj., -ive suffix. Etymology: < absolute adj. + -ive suffix. Compare post-classical Latin absolutivus, used in various senses by grammarians, e.g. positive (of adjective gradation), intransitive (4th cent.), (of nouns) independent (10th cent.), (of conjunctions) perfective, final (1524 in a British source).Compare the following early use in an English context of post-classical Latin absolutivus, designating a noun whose meaning is not dependent on any other noun:OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 14 Sume [naman] syndon absolvtivae [L. sunt et alia absolutiua], þæt synd ungebundene, þa ne behofiað nanre tiginge oðres naman: deus god, ratio gescead, mens mod. Grammar. A. n. n. The absolute form of a word (see absolute adj. 1). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > inflection > [noun] > inflected form > uninflected form absolutive1863 1863 T. Benfey Pract. Gram. Sanskrit ii. i. 144 In the sentence ‘having eaten he sleeps’ the words ‘having eaten’ are expressed by the absolutive. 1872 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 10 326 The style..hobbles along with the aid of bungling absolutives and participles. 1948 G. V. Tagare Historical Gram. Apabhraṁśa 324 In Prakrits we find the following terminations of the Absolutives. 1985 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 30 208 In a number of Mayan languages..absolutives but not ergatives relativize. 1996 Lit. & Ling. Computing 11 195/1 In transitive sentences the absolutive goes to the direct complement and the subject takes the ergative. B. adj. Of, relating to, or designating the absolute form of a word. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > morpheme > [adjective] > relating to affixes > suffixed or relating to suffixes > specific types of suffix afformative1821 patrial1832 suffix-pronominal1869 absolutive1962 1914 L. Bloomfield Introd. Study Lang. vi. 179 For the second of the objects affected,..one adds specific mention of the object in an absolutive form. 1921 E. Sapir Lang. vi. 143 ‘Man this, the man’ is an absolutive form which may be used as the subject of an intransitive verb. 1962 Internat. Jrnl. Amer. Linguistics 28 247 There is no absolutive suffix in the sense of a morpheme. 1996 Lit. & Ling. Computing 11 195/1 [Basque] intransitive sentences have the subject in the absolutive case. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.adj.1863
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