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单词 afro-
释义

Afro-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.
Forms: 1800s– Afr- (before a vowel), 1800s– Afro-.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin Āfr- , Āfer , -o- connective.
Etymology: < classical Latin Āfr-, Āfer African (see African adj.) + -o- connective.Found in a small number of formations, exemplified below, from the late 19th cent. Compare also Afro adj.
Forming compounds with the sense ‘of or relating to African and another region’.
Afro-Brazilian adj. and n.
Brit. /ˌafrəʊbrəˈzɪlɪən/
,
U.S. /ˌæfroʊbrəˈzɪljən/
,
/ˌæfroʊbrəˈzɪliən/
[compare Portuguese afro-brasileiro (first half of the 20th cent.)]
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > America > Central and South America > [adjective] > South America > specific parts > Brazil
Afro-Brazilian1911
1911 R. W. Fenn Horacio viii. 179 Encouraged by his smile and a glimpse of his white teeth,..the little Afro-Brazilians came forward one by one.
1916 Current Opinion Sept. 181/2 The region of the Cape Verde Islands at the time in question belonged to the Afro-Brazilian continent then in being.
1946 R. Blesh Shining Trumpets 346 This disc is one of an Afro-Brazilian collection.
1976 Wilson Q. Autumn 89 Afro-Brazilians represent roughly 40 percent of the total population.
1984 Christian Sci. Monitor 5 Sept. 9/4 Afro-Brazilian cults are making inroads.
1992 Newsweek 25 May 39/1 Afro-Brazilians have been consigned to society's bottom rungs ever since the days of slavery.
Afro-English adj. and n.
Brit. /ˌafrəʊˈɪŋ(ɡ)lɪʃ/
,
U.S. /ˌæfroʊˈɪŋ(ɡ)lɪʃ/
ΚΠ
1894 Illustr. Amer. 9 June 659/1 The dream of Cecil Rhodes and the other Afro-English Imperialists.
1972 Observer 13 Aug. 7/1 They are third-generation Afro-English... Most have white mothers... The Afro-English girls dance the funky penguin, the boys say ‘right on, bro'r!’ as though they grew up in Oakland, California.
2005 San Jose (Calif.) Mercury News (Nexis) 22 Apr. (Eye section) 5 Nicole Kidman plays Silvia Broome, an interpreter at the U.N. who speaks with an Afro-English accent.
Afro-European adj. and n.
Brit. /ˌafrəʊˌjʊərəˈpiːən/
,
/ˌafrəʊˌjɔːrəˈpiːən/
,
U.S. /ˌæfroʊˌjərəˈpiən/
,
/ˌæfroʊˌjʊrəˈpiən/
ΚΠ
1893 Liberia Nov. 21 It is not unreasonable to predict that a race of acclimated Afro-Europeans will be permanently established upon the littoral plains, as northern Asiatic and other foreign races have been.
1896 Marshfield (Wisconsin) Times 17 Jan. 4/3 (heading) The Afro-European Situation.
1959 Listener 5 Nov. 791/2 He has the same right to talk of the land in which he has grown up as any other Afro-European.
1995 Jrnl. Econ. Lit. 33 229/1 He doubts that an Afro-European axis is of much use to Europe in economic terms.
2007 Sunday Times (Nexis) 18 Feb. (Features section) 18 He is half black, half white—or coloured, mixed race, Afro-European even.
Afro-French adj.
Brit. /ˌafrəʊˈfrɛn(t)ʃ/
,
U.S. /ˌæfroʊˈfrɛn(t)ʃ/
[Compare French afro-français (1952 or earlier).]
ΚΠ
1864 Dundee Courier & Argus 23 Jan. A battalion of some Afro-French corps.
1970 J. Brown Un-melting Pot vii. 98 From the exaggerated Britishness of Barbados to the Afro-French ambience of St Lucia.
1995 P. Manuel in P. Manuel et al. Caribbean Currents viii. 208 Calypso..in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries appears to have been part of an Afro-French creole culture spread throughout the French Caribbean.
Afro-Guyanese n. and adj.
Brit. /ˌafrəʊˌɡʌɪəˈniːz/
,
U.S. /ˌæfroʊˌɡaɪəˈniz/
ΚΠ
1900 Outlook 22 Sept. 244/1 J. A. Barbour Jones, Afro-Guianese.
1965 New Statesman 5 Nov. 689/1 At the beginning of Guiana, the Afro-Guianese, while a slave, functioned as an integral element in the master-slave social relationship.
1989 Amer. Speech 64 230 In Guyana the same discourse principles seem to operate among Afro-Guyanese vernacular speakers.
1997 Wanderlust June 37/3 In both Guyana and Suriname, the largest ethnic group is East Indian, followed in Guyana by Afro-Guyanese and in Suriname by Creoles.
Afro-Portuguese adj. and n.
Brit. /ˌafrəʊˌpɔːtʃᵿˈɡiːz/
,
/ˌafrəʊˌpɔːtjᵿˈɡiːz/
,
U.S. /ˌæfroʊˈpɔrtʃəˌɡiz/
ΚΠ
1918 Crisis May 13/1 I am a colored man from the Cape Verde Islands (Afro-Portuguese, you would say).
1947 Music Educators Jrnl. 33 21/1 Bahia, crucible of Brazil's Afro-Portuguese music.
1987 D. Eltis Econ. Growth & Ending of Transatlantic Slave Trade ix. 157 By 1844 the Afro-Portuguese were refusing to send consignments to Havana.
2004 fRoots Dec. 69/2 Bonga proves himself to be a unique and inspiring spokesman for the Afro-Portuguese diaspora.
Afro-Spanish adj. and n.
Brit. /ˌafrəʊˈspanɪʃ/
,
U.S. /ˌæfroʊˈspænɪʃ/
ΚΠ
1896 D. A. Straker Trip Windward Islands ii. 62 The Germans, French,..are all establishing a civilization among the natives..thus making of native Africans, Afro-Germans, Afro-French, Afro-Italians, Afro-Spanish or Portuguese.
1909 Washington Post 21 Feb. 2/4 Their contrast to the older and heavier brunettes of the Afro-Spanish island is to their distinct advantage.
1946 Jazz Writings 3/2 Spanish American rhythms in the blues (such as the rhythm of the Afro-Spanish ‘habanera’, created in Havana, Cuba).
1999 Christian Sci. Monitor 30 July 20 Many fans of the first ‘Buena Vista Social Club’ album were captivated by the vocals of Ferrer, whose artistry brought together various Afro-Spanish strains in Cuban music.
2004 P. C. McKissack & F. L. McKissack Hard Labor: First Afr. Americans, 1619 iii. 12 People of African descent came to the Americas with the conquistadors... They were Afro-Spanish, Afro-Portuguese, and from many different African cultures.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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