† aginv.

Forms: 1. Present stem Old English agenne (singular subjunctive, perhaps transmission error), Old English aginnan, Old English agynnan, early Middle English agine, early Middle English agunnen (south-west midlands, perhaps transmission error), early Middle English agyne, Middle English agin, Middle English aginne, Middle English agynne. 2. Past tense Old English agunnon (plural), Old English–early Middle English agan, Old English–early Middle English agann, early Middle English agon, early Middle English agonne (plural), early Middle English agunnen (plural), Middle English agounne (subjunctive). 3. Past participle Old English–early Middle English agunnen, early Middle English agunne, early Middle English aguonne, Middle English agonne.

Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: ongin v.

Etymology: Apparently < ongin v. (see discussion at that entry), with reduction of the prefix (compare a- prefix³). Compare later gin v.¹ Compare also angin n.In Old English a strong verb of Class III; the strong inflection is continued in Middle English. The existence of a corresponding Old Dutch verb aginnan is apparently shown by the isolated attestation of the past participle form hagunnan in the Probatio Pennae scribble assumed to have been written by a Flemish scribe on the binding of a late 11th-cent. Latin manuscript from Rochester in Kent. However, the verbal prefix a- is extremely rare in Old Dutch (compare alight v.²), and the word has alternatively been interpreted as showing Old English influence (see further K. Louwen ‘Zur Lesart und Hybridität der altniederländischen Federprobe’ in Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik 65 (2009) 61–86).

Obsolete.

intransitive and transitive. To begin (in various senses).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin action or activity [verb (intransitive)]

beginc1000

onginOE

aginOE

ginc1175

to go tillc1175

to take onc1175

comsea1225

fanga1225

to go toc1275

i-ginc1275

commencec1320

to get (also get down, go, go adown, set, set down) to workc1400

to lay to one's hand(sc1405

to put to one's hand (also hands)c1410

to set toc1425

standa1450

to make to1563

to fall to it1570

to start out1574

to fall to1577

to run upon ——1581

to break off1591

start1607

to set in1608

to set to one's hands1611

to put toa1616

to fall ona1625

in1633

to fall aboard1642

auspicatea1670

to set out1693

to enter (into) the fray1698

open1708

to start in1737

inchoate1767

to set off1774

go1780

start1785

to on with1843

to kick off1857

to start in on1859

to steam up1860

to push off1909

to cut loose1923

to get (also put) the show on the road1941

to get one's arse in gear1948

OE West Saxon Gospels: Mark (Corpus Cambr.) vi. 7 Him twelfe togeclypode, & agan [OE Lindisf. ongann, c1200 Hatton angan; L. coepit] hi sendan twam & twam.

OE Byrhtferð Enchiridion (Ashm.) (1995) ii. ii. 100 And se mona þe on pridie nonas Aprilis byð agunnen niwe and byð geglenged [read gelenged] eall oð VI nonas Mai nigon and twentig nihta eald, se byð Aprilis.

lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 656 Ðus wæs seo mynstre Medeshamstede agunnen þet man siððon cleopede Burh.

a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 32 Ne aginne hit neuer so wel.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9362 Oðere weies þu most agunnen [perh. read aginnen; c1300 Otho a-gynne] ȝif þu hire wult awinnen.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 197 (MED) Huo þet wile riȝtuolliche do elmesse, he ssel beuore aginne at himzelue.

a1350 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 10 (MED) Þe flemmysshe..agynneþ to clynken huere basyns of bras.

c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 4747 (MED) Nov agynneþ þe oþere partye Of Alisaunders dedes hardye.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	agin
释义	† aginv. Forms: 1. Present stem Old English agenne (singular subjunctive, perhaps transmission error), Old English aginnan, Old English agynnan, early Middle English agine, early Middle English agunnen (south-west midlands, perhaps transmission error), early Middle English agyne, Middle English agin, Middle English aginne, Middle English agynne. 2. Past tense Old English agunnon (plural), Old English–early Middle English agan, Old English–early Middle English agann, early Middle English agon, early Middle English agonne (plural), early Middle English agunnen (plural), Middle English agounne (subjunctive). 3. Past participle Old English–early Middle English agunnen, early Middle English agunne, early Middle English aguonne, Middle English agonne. Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: ongin v. Etymology: Apparently < ongin v. (see discussion at that entry), with reduction of the prefix (compare a- prefix³). Compare later gin v.¹ Compare also angin n.In Old English a strong verb of Class III; the strong inflection is continued in Middle English. The existence of a corresponding Old Dutch verb aginnan is apparently shown by the isolated attestation of the past participle form hagunnan in the Probatio Pennae scribble assumed to have been written by a Flemish scribe on the binding of a late 11th-cent. Latin manuscript from Rochester in Kent. However, the verbal prefix a- is extremely rare in Old Dutch (compare alight v.²), and the word has alternatively been interpreted as showing Old English influence (see further K. Louwen ‘Zur Lesart und Hybridität der altniederländischen Federprobe’ in Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik 65 (2009) 61–86). Obsolete. intransitive and transitive. To begin (in various senses). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin action or activity [verb (intransitive)] beginc1000 onginOE aginOE ginc1175 to go tillc1175 to take onc1175 comsea1225 fanga1225 to go toc1275 i-ginc1275 commencec1320 to get (also get down, go, go adown, set, set down) to workc1400 to lay to one's hand(sc1405 to put to one's hand (also hands)c1410 to set toc1425 standa1450 to make to1563 to fall to it1570 to start out1574 to fall to1577 to run upon ——1581 to break off1591 start1607 to set in1608 to set to one's hands1611 to put toa1616 to fall ona1625 in1633 to fall aboard1642 auspicatea1670 to set out1693 to enter (into) the fray1698 open1708 to start in1737 inchoate1767 to set off1774 go1780 start1785 to on with1843 to kick off1857 to start in on1859 to steam up1860 to push off1909 to cut loose1923 to get (also put) the show on the road1941 to get one's arse in gear1948 OE West Saxon Gospels: Mark (Corpus Cambr.) vi. 7 Him twelfe togeclypode, & agan [OE Lindisf. ongann, c1200 Hatton angan; L. coepit] hi sendan twam & twam. OE Byrhtferð Enchiridion (Ashm.) (1995) ii. ii. 100 And se mona þe on pridie nonas Aprilis byð agunnen niwe and byð geglenged [read gelenged] eall oð VI nonas Mai nigon and twentig nihta eald, se byð Aprilis. lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 656 Ðus wæs seo mynstre Medeshamstede agunnen þet man siððon cleopede Burh. a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 32 Ne aginne hit neuer so wel. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9362 Oðere weies þu most agunnen [perh. read aginnen; c1300 Otho a-gynne] ȝif þu hire wult awinnen. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 197 (MED) Huo þet wile riȝtuolliche do elmesse, he ssel beuore aginne at himzelue. a1350 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 10 (MED) Þe flemmysshe..agynneþ to clynken huere basyns of bras. c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 4747 (MED) Nov agynneþ þe oþere partye Of Alisaunders dedes hardye. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.OE
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