单词 | colouring |
释义 | colouringcoloringn. I. Literal uses. 1. a. The action or process of applying colour to something; the imparting of colour. Also: an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > colouring > [noun] staininga1382 colouring?a1425 littingc1440 tincturing1616 colourishing1646 colourization1825 coloration1837 tinting1853 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 5v (MED) Changing of herez and..teyntyng i. coloring. a1450 in M. Sellers York Memorandum Bk. (1912) I. 65 (MED) The cuureour craft, he sall haf at the fyrst dryssyng, coloryng, or shafyng redy to the drying for j dakyr vij d..for drissyng it clen up als it awe to be. 1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) xvi. xxiv. sig. kvii/1 In peyntynge and colourynge of walles. 1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergil De Invent. iii. xii. f. lxxxii Medea found the diyng and coloryng of heare, and our women of England haue not forgotten it. 1582 R. Mulcaster 1st Pt. Elementarie xi. 58 Whatsoeuer shall belong to coloring, to shadowing, and such more workmanlie points. 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. iii. 28 This dying and colouring of her hoary haires,..some of them seemed greene vnto me, some blue, some yellow, some vermilion. 1656 Disc. Auxiliary Beauty 25 The use of any colouring or complexioning of the face or skin. 1671 J. Webster Metallographia xxix. 376 It hath also the property of colouring, being indeed the Sulphur, or fire of Nature, from whence all colours do arise. 1737 Compl. Family-piece (ed. 2) iii. 524 Grind your Red-Lead with Linseed Oil, and use it very thin for the first Colouring or Priming. a1763 W. Shenstone Wks. Verse & Prose (1764) I. 95 (heading) Written in a Flower Book of my own Colouring. 1821 W. M. Craig Lect. Drawing iii. 183 The colouring of a head in a process of water colours. 1880 Harper's Mag. June 36/1 Hundreds of women..are taking lessons in china-painting, silk-painting, the coloring of photographs, and crayon-drawings. 1907 Westm. Gaz. 12 Apr. 4/2 For the nearer colouring he would still serve himself out a liberal squeeze of burnt-sienna. 1956 Life 5 Mar. 176 Set up a play table with materials for coloring and modeling. 1979 H. de Landsberg Hortus Deliciarum iii. 29 The painter had to cease his colouring of the canopy at the margin of the inscription. 2001 Middle East Times (Egypt ed.) 7 Apr. 15/2 (advt.) Hairstyling, perming, highlighting, coloring, manicuring, pedicuring and hair removal. b. The process of giving an appearance of silver or gold to base metal, esp. in counterfeiting; an instance of this. Also: the application of a fine polish to silver in the course of manufacture.The Act referred to in quot. 1815 does not have colouring as a noun, only colour vb. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > polishing > [noun] > polishing metal burnishing1552 coloration1617 helling1738 colouring1875 1815 T. Leach Cases Crown Law (ed. 4) II. 153 Extracting latent silver from the body of base metal by means of aqua fortis, is a colouring within the 8 and 9 Will. III. c. 26. s. 4. 1875 W. S. Jevons Money (1878) 126 It is usual to dissolve the copper from the surface of the blank pieces of metal, so as to produce a film of pure white silver upon the surface. This operation called colouring, gives a fine bright appearance to the [base silver] coins when new. 1914 Brass World & Platers' Guide Apr. 154/2 Wherever fine ‘coloring’ is to be done, the manufacturers claim that this rouge will be found capable of giving the finest possible results. 1937 Sci. Progress 32 556 Colouring of a metal, so as to imitate gold or silver, was regarded as analogous to the dyeing of cloth. 1964 R. J. Forbes Stud. Anc. Technol. (ed. 2) VIII. v. 171 The ‘Leiden-Stockholm’ papyri give many recipes for the colouring of metal surfaces to give them the appearance of precious metals. c. The action or process of colouring the wool on the back of a sheep, esp. before exhibiting it at an agricultural show. Now rare. ΚΠ 1885 Wallace's Monthly July 428/2 Coloring may be done by dipping, or by showering any colored liquid over the sheep's back with a syringe or otherwise. 1886 C. Scott Pract. Sheep-farming 172 Colouring is the art of painting the wool on the sheep's back. 1950 Scotsman 2 June 9/1 For this year's Royal Highland Show..the rule about dipping or colouring which was in operation until last year is abandoned. 2. A colouring agent; a colourant. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > colouring > colouring matter > [noun] dyec1000 colour1335 venomc1374 tincturec1400 colouringa1475 fucus1676 colouring matter1689 colourant1800 colourizer1866 brede1867 a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 125 Turnesole, þat is good colourynge. 1573 Treat. Arte of Limming 9 To make a kynde of colouring called Vernix wherewith you may vernishe golde, siluer, or any other colour or payntinges. 1598 R. Haydocke tr. G. P. Lomazzo Tracte Artes Paintinge iii. 133 All Paintings and colourings made of minerals or halfe minerals..are very offensiue to the complexion of the face. 1631 J. Mabbe tr. F. de Rojas Spanish Bawd vi. 78 Clothing them [sc. their faces] with diuers colourings, glissenings, paintings, vnctions, oyntments. 1681 Table of Hard Words in S. Pordage tr. T. Willis Remaining Med. Wks. Tincture, a dying or colouring. 1759 Ann. Reg. 1758 111/1 The colouring used..is supposed to be Dutch pink, which will make bohea tee of a fine green. 1884 Internat. Health Exhib. Official Catal. 153/1 Liquid Butter Colouring. Liquid Annatto Cheese Colouring. 1901 Lancet 6 July 41/1 Organic colourings..may be the product of certain species of bacteria. 1999 Healthy Eating Aug. 32/1 Home-made sweets are delightful—freshly made from pure, natural ingredients, free from artificial flavouring and colouring, and with not an ‘E’ number in sight. 3. a. The effect or result of the application of colour; the way or style in which anything is (naturally or artificially) coloured; = colour n.1 3a. Also as a count noun. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > state or mode of having colour > [noun] colouring?1533 coloration1626 tonea1825 colourization1825 tintage1859 ?1533–4 R. Saltwood Compar. bytwene iiij. Byrdes sig. Biii Whyte, sprynkeled of semble colouryng Lyke in the blake botel lyquor hydyth. ?1537 Hugh of Caumpedene tr. Hist. Kyng Boccus sig. G.iiv Of al thynges is seen nothyng But only the colouryng. c1610–15 tr. Gregory of Nazianzus Life St. Gorgonia in C. Horstmann Lives Women Saints (1886) 160 As for paynted face, or colouring of eyes, and such like brickle brauerie. 1757 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful iii. §17. 103 The beauty both of shape and colouring are as nearly related, as we can well suppose it possible. 1768 O. Goldsmith Good Natur'd Man iv. 53 I presum'd to reprove you for painting: but your warmer blushes soon convinc'd the company, that the colouring was all from nature. 1807 W. Wordsworth Ode in Poems II. 158 The Clouds..Do take a sober colouring from an eye That hath kept watch o'er man's mortality. View more context for this quotation 1879 G. Allen Colour-sense i. 3 The existence of bright colouring in the world at large. 1937 Amer. Home Apr. 116/3 (advt.) Any pattern you choose, no matter how dainty its colorings, is honestly washable. 1952 W. J. Miller Introd. Hist. Geol. (ed. 6) xix. 267 Because of their high degree of sculpturing and coloring,..they [sc. Triassic rocks] form a striking feature of the landscape. 2000 DigitalFoto Oct. 38/2 A white background won't work—the coloring is too close to the highlights on the jewelry, and the detail will be blown out. b. The manner in which an animal or plant is coloured; = coloration n. 2a. ΚΠ 1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie xix. 48 Some beare red heads, some blacke, and some whyte, all which colourings proceede of nature. 1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 61 To give the Flowers that lively and beautiful Colouring, which is..their chief Merit. 1857 C. Darwin Let. 5 June (1990) VI. 409 I can plainly see the colouring & marks of the grandfather of the Ass, Horse, Quagga, Hemionus & Zebra, some millions of generations ago! 1901 M. C. Dickerson Moths & Butterflies i. 5 Large butterflies..conspicuous because of their bright orange-brown and black coloring. 2007 Canad. Gardening Summer 58/1 The tapered shape and warm colouring of Kniphofia..have given rise to the common names poker plant, flame flower and red-hot poker. c. Painting. The artistic application of colour; the effect or manner of this. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > art of colouring > [noun] > general effect or scheme colour1661 colouring1706 natural colour1720 coloration1778 palette1782 tonality1866 scheme1884 colour tone1896 1634 J. Bate Myst. Nature & Art (title page) Of Drawing, Colouring, Painting, and Engrauing. 1658 W. Sanderson Graphice 74 Ruben in his affected Colouring..and Cornelius of Harlem in his loose & untrussed figures,..seem..to abuse that gentle and modest licence. 1706 J. Savage tr. R. de Piles Art of Painting 5 Colouring..comprehends two things, the Local colour, and the Claro Oscuro. 1762 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting I. vii. 158 The colouring is flat and chalky. 1796 J. Farington Diary 16 May (1978) II. 549 I told Carey his pictures intended for exhibition were too cold, in colouring, therefore I only proposed to have one of them exhibited. 1827 B. Disraeli Vivian Grey IV. vi. vi. 200 Brilliancy of colouring and boldness of outline. 1862 G. W. Thornbury Life J. M. W. Turner I. 339 The old Téméraire is the most glorious consummation of colouring ever painted by English fingers. 1956 M. J. Friedlænder From Van Eyck to Bruegel 59 A harmonious cool colouring, glistening opal-like and transparent. 1996 I. Chilvers Conc. Oxf. Dict. Art & Artists (ed. 2) 179 Abandoning the earlier practice of using gold and brilliant colours and insisting upon realistic colouring from the polychromists who painted his sculptures. d. The colour of a person's skin, eyes, hair, etc. ΚΠ 1731 J. Tracy Periander iv. i. 40 One dim Paleness spreads o'er all the Face, And the fair colouring of Nature dies. 1841 C. Bury Family Records I. i. 8 The ruby tints of her smiling and delicate mouth, and the deep brown of her straightly pencilled eyebrows, relieved her coloring from insipidity. 1870 Dublin Univ. Mag. Nov. 570/2 Her eyes were bright, so was her colouring, but not too much so, blanc de perle was judiciously blended with other appliances of the toilette. 1909 Chatterbox 300/2 But nothing suited him so well as these Eastern people, with their warm colouring and their rich, brilliant attire. 1953 D. Silone tr. I. Silone Handful of Blackberries i. xvi. 94 He had never seen people with such delicate colouring. 1978 J. Krantz Scruples x. 288 His nose had a proconsular boldness, and his coloring was bronze all over. 2002 H. Jacobson Who's Sorry Now? (2003) ii. i. 174 The homogeneity of her colouring seemed to him the very model of beauty. 4. a. A picture or other representation on a surface executed in colours; a coloured artistic or decorative work. Now chiefly: an outline drawing which has been coloured in, esp. by a child. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > [noun] > a painting painting?c1225 painturec1230 paintryc1454 colouring1624 tableau1660 limning1689 paintc1710 tablature1713 1624 E. Gurnay Romish Chaine 98 The vilest man that is, hauing a deeper Character and impression of God, then the colourings, caruings, or works of any mortall man whatsoeuer. 1699 E. Ward London Spy II. ii. 7 No Gilding, Carving, Colouring, or good Contrivance, was here wanting. 1753 Scots Mag. Nov. 546/2 A coach of state bedaubed with gilt and colourings. 1868 Horticulturist Feb. 58/2 (heading) Drawings and colourings of fruit and flowers. 1900 Bookseller & Stationer Jan. 12/2 The colorings are delicate and tasteful, the idea of Easter greeting being paramount to everything else. 2009 R. Cyr-Quasmi Labels xxiv. 215 Del showed me a picture that had been waded up, a coloring of a child's. b. The action of filling in an outline drawing with colour using pens, crayons, etc.; = colouring in n. ΚΠ 1888 Ann. Rep. Board Educ. Connecticut 302 All knowledge comes through seeing and touching, whether the division taught be clay moulding, paper cutting, drawing, or coloring. 1912 R. Weatherbee Lessons for Sunday Kindergarten p. xi The coloring of pictures makes a very good Sunday afternoon occupation. 1952 Billings (Montana) Gaz. 17 Nov. 1/4 He wanted to do his home work there, and Marion wanted it to herself while she did some coloring. 1980 Pacific Stars & Stripes 28 Dec. 30/5 Elizabeth likes painting, coloring and playing with paper dolls. 2006 P. Knight Coding of Concrete Animal vii. 86 It was just after lunch when Mark came over and tried to do some colouring with him. II. Figurative uses. 5. The representing of facts or events in a more favourable manner; the disguising of an undesirable act or intention; misrepresentation; falsification. Also: an instance of any of these. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > semblance, outward show > [noun] > creating fair appearance colouring?1435 cloaking1513 disguising1587 varnishment1593 fucation1612 artinga1620 veneering1808 duffing1826 whitewash1882 window dressing1903 society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > excuse > [noun] > offering an excuse > extenuation glozing1377 colouring?1435 mincing1533 palliationa1538 polishing1646 extenuation1651 mitigation1664 ?1435 in C. L. Kingsford Chrons. London (1905) 39 (MED) In colouryng off alle this wronge he behiht, with ffeyre speche and glosyng words, vnto the Erchebisshop [etc.]. 1442 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1442 §32. m. 3 In colouryng of their untrue purpose, beryng the armes of the hospitall of Seint John..and so feynyng hem as they hadde been good frendes [etc.]. ?1532 Glasse of Truthe sig. A4 Withoute colourynge dissemblynge, pretense and all outwarde paintynge. 1549 H. Latimer 2nd Serm. before Kynges Maiestie 3rd Serm. sig. Gvv Let them leue theire colouringe and call them by theyr christian name Brybes. 1567 J. Jewel Def. Apol. Churche Eng. ii. xiii. §1. 242 Woulde ye rather, for the better facinge, and colouringe of your Doctrine, wee shoulde strike oute this, Forged Quodammodo. 1570 B. Googe tr. T. Kirchmeyer Popish Kingdome iv. f. 57 Fraude, and craftie coulourings. 1646 E. Pagitt Heresiogr. (ed. 3) 161 Equivocation is a cunning colouring of a lye. 1673 T. Traherne Rom. Forgeries ii. 16 The Letters were feigned..for the better colouring of that Schism which was made by the pride and ambition of Rome. 1719 D. Waterland Vindic. Christ's Divinity 223 After the Disguises and Softenings, and Colourings had been carried on so long. 1798 J. Hucks Poems 12 Truth..With specious colourings mask'd unholiest views. 1817 Monthly Repository Theol. & Gen. Lit. June 369/1 Of the injustice which results from this partial statement and false colouring of facts, Unitarians have constant occasion to complain. 1855 Harper's Mag. June 90/2 Then I fell into that coloring of a bright future which seems to be the ordained and Sisyphus-like penalty of the unhappy. 1911 Central Law Jrnl. 20 Jan. 43/1 Often, when pitted against an expert, he will bring all his powers of imagination into play, and then coloring of the facts must be guarded against. 1999 B. Davis Suffer Little Children v. 55 Anita..kept things from her parents in a misguided effort to spare them additional worry... Her coloring of the truth..would rob her of her parents' invaluable life experiences. 6. a. The embellishment of language or a literary work with rhetorical or poetic ornament; the effect of such embellishment. Also: an instance of this. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > ornateness > [noun] > embellishment ornatinga1492 colouring1509 gilding1647 garniture1725 emblazonrya1807 garnish1825 fancification1937 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (Contents) Of elocucyon the thyrde parte of rethoryke with colourynge of sentences. 1695 J. Dryden in tr. C. A. Du Fresnoy De Arte Graphica Pref. p. xlix But the dictio Virgiliana, the expression of Virgil; his Colouring was incomparably the better. 1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music xi. 190 The..highest Colourings of his [sc. Virgil's] Pencil are prostituted to the Vanity of the ruling Tyrant. a1797 H. Walpole Walpoliana (1799) I. clxi. 135 From the elegance of its language, and the warm colouring of the descriptions. 1825 T. B. Macaulay Milton in Edinb. Rev. Aug. 320 The most exquisite art of poetical colouring. 1869 Eclectic Mag. June 677/2 Whatever deepened the music or enriched the coloring of his verse, was to him [sc. Petrarch] an advantage. 1902 J. S. Phillimore Sophocles Introd. 83 The colouring of the phrase, its more or less of poetical and imaged quality. 1990 D. Hopkins Eng. Poetry Pref. p. ix The writer is deploying..verbal colouring, heightened diction, or impassioned rhetoric to a degree that one would not normally expect to find in discursive prose. b. Music. The embellishment of vocal or instrumental music, esp. by the use of melodic ornament or repetition. Also: the use or effect of colour (colour n.1 12a). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > expression > [noun] colour1597 colouring1771 feeling1771 expression1774 nuance1873 shading1881 expressivity1944 1771 C. Burney Present State Music France & Italy 379 The subject seems to be extremely well adapted for musical expression: the sternness of the judge; the indifference of the false mother; and the tenderness of the true, are severally susceptible of different musical colouring and expression. 1847 Times 10 Mar. 8/5 The Mozartean form, the short phraseology, the contrapuntal colouring for which all Beethoven's first works are remarkable. 1881 Athenæum 26 Mar. 437/1 A certain want of variety in the colouring of his music. 1931 Musical Times 72 750/2 He is fond of rich, romantic colouring; his mass of tone glows refulgently. 1985 M. Kennedy Oxf. Dict. Music at Colour It is customary to speak of ‘colouring’ or ‘tone‐colour’ where variations of timbre or tone are prod. by different intensities of the overtones of sounds. 2004 Daily Tel. 11 May 18/6 Vibrato wasn't banished, but it was used in a subtle way, a colouring or ornament rather than a handy sign for feeling. 7. General or prevailing character, tone, or aspect; = colour n.1 11. Later also: a modifying trace of a feeling or quality; a shade, a tinge. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > character or nature > [noun] birtha1250 the manner ofc1300 formc1310 propertyc1390 naturea1393 condition1393 qualitya1398 temperc1400 taragec1407 naturality?a1425 profession?a1439 affecta1460 temperament1471 essence?1533 affection1534 spirit?1534 temperature1539 natural spirit1541 character1577 complexion1589 tincture1590 idiom1596 qualification1602 texture1611 connativea1618 thread1632 genius1639 complexure1648 quale1654 indoles1672 suchness1674 staminaa1676 trim1707 tenor1725 colouring1735 tint1760 type1843 aura1859 thusness1883 physis1923 1735 W. Harte Ess. on Reason 17 The union, colouring, and force of deeds; Swells in the hero's cause with vast esteem. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 330 The offences differ in colouring and in degree. 1834 J. H. Newman Parochial Serm. (1837) I. xxiv. 362 It takes a general colouring from Christianity. 1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. iii. 131 They give a different colouring to the transaction. 1903 E. K. Chambers Mediæval Stage I. viii. 168 The rest..have either become..mere quête songs, or..have taken on a Christian colouring. 1935 T. Wolfe Of Time & River i. i. 3 This crowd was more mixed and varied, and it had a strong coloring of worldly smartness. 1991 P. Sweeney Virgin Directory World Music 200 In Cuba this romantic ballad style..transmuted into the two similar styles of bolero, with its slight Afro-Latin colouring, and ‘filin’ (feeling). 2007 Independent 19 Jan. (Extra section) 5/3 Phone-ins always say they like controversy, but they tend to take on the colouring of their host. Compounds colouring book n. a book containing outline drawings to be coloured in, used esp. by children. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > equipment for painting or drawing > [noun] > surface for painting or drawing > paper > drawing book > colouring book colouring book1849 1849 Reasoner 19 Dec. 385 Commencing with alphabetical books,..the series extends to..Drawing Books and Colouring Books, as well as Reading Books. 1956 School Arts June 48/2 In many churches..children copy, trace, use patterns, and fill in coloring books. 2005 Time Out N.Y. 8 Sept. 86/2 Crayons and coloring books are on hand to entertain little ones. colouring wheel n. U.S. a revolving machine containing dye, used for colouring hides or other items. ΚΠ 1842 Documents Assembly State of N.Y. IV. 54 A coloring wheel, calculated to color 60 hats, every 36 hours. 1967 Middlesboro (Kentucky) Daily News 17 Aug. 1/4 The hide is split and placed in a tanning coloring wheel for three hours. 1991 M. L. Maroney Guide to Metal & Plastic Finishing xxxvii. 110 It is very durable, usually too hard for a coloring wheel but excellent for buffing with cutting compounds. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). colouringcoloringadj. That colours something (in various senses); that imparts colour (literal and figurative). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > colouring > [adjective] colouring1597 tingeing1650 tingent1650 infectory1657 staining1789 colorizing1830 pigmenting1906 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > ornateness > [adjective] overwrittenOE flourished1303 orne?a1425 ornatea1450 purpuratec1475 gallant1484 flourishinga1552 gorgeous1561 coloured1571 flowerya1616 ornated1630 flosculent1646 luscious1651 chromatic1652 romantic1653 gaudy1655 florid1656 blooming1685 bloomy1685 dressy1713 colouring1807 colorific1812 emblazoned1813 embroidered1868 purple1941 1597 C. Middleton Famous Hist. Chinon i. sig. B2 Too bright was her beautie, to be shadowed in the couloring cunning of a mortall capacitie. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica vi. xii. 334 The action of heat or fire, & colouring bodies objected. View more context for this quotation 1689 W. Cole Purpura Anglicana 5 There may be found on our marine Coasts, some bigger Shells, which may have a colouring juice. a1794 S. Blamire Stoklewath in Poet. Wks. (1842) 37 The colouring sunbeam..dances round and round with gilding rays. 1807 I. D'Israeli Curiosities of Lit. 1st Ser. (ed. 5) I. 142 Conceptions..agreeably set off by a warm and colouring diction. 1837 Mag. Nat. Hist. 1 263 In instances where the new plumage would have been of a diverse hue,..the retained feathers become tinged with the colouring secretions. 1852 Pop. Educator 1 201/1 It [sc. FOI] always follows FAH, and seems to rise out of it. It is called a chromatic or colouring note. 1930 Discovery Dec. 415/2 The lovely green magpie is peculiar in the colouring pigment of the plumage which changes from a vivid green to a dull greenish-blue after death. 2008 B. Joubert Virtuous Living xvi. 126 These images will have a coloring effect on the child in later life. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
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