cole-rakecolraken.

Forms: Also Middle English coolerake, colrak(e; also β. 1500s– coulrake, 1700s cowl-rake, courake.

Etymology: perhaps originally < col, cole, coal n. (in its sense of cinder ) + rake n.¹ But there is difficulty phonetically with the forms coul- , cowl-rake and modern dialect cou'rake , unless these have been assimilated to the dialect verb coul v., to rake towards one.

1. An instrument used for raking the cinders or ashes out of an oven or furnace.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > baker's equipment > oven-rake, -broom, or -mop

oven rakeOE

cole-rakec1440

sweeperc1440

furgon1530

scovel1553

furner1598

fruggan1611

oven-fork1611

scovin1657

coul-rake1877

society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > parts of furnace > [noun] > furnace rakes or shovels

cole-rakec1440

slice-bar1846

fire hook1875

stoking-iron1876

coul-rake1877

stoking-rod1901

α.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 88 Coole rake [v.r. colrake], restellum, batillum.

c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 613 Stalerum, a colrake.

1483 Cath. Angl. 72 A Colrake, trulla.

?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 809 Hoc jocabulum, a colrake.

1538 T. Elyot Dict. Rutabulum, a coole rake to make cleane an oven.

1577 R. Stanyhurst Treat. Descr. Irelande iii. f. 12/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I The coalerake sweeping of a pufloafe baker.

1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Rouable, or Rable, a cole rake.

β. 1572 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 349 In the kitching One Rakingcroke, one Iron por, one pele, one iro' coulrake ijs. viijd.1853 Whitby Gloss. Coulrake, the iron rake for the ashes at kitchen firesides.1883 T. Lees Easther's Gloss. Dial. Almondbury & Huddersfield Coulrake, variously pronounced cou'rake, colerake, and co'rake. Used chiefly for drawing coals upon the fire.

2. A similar instrument for other purposes.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > digging or lifting tools > [noun] > shovel > other shovels

shod-shovel1465

scoop1487

peel?a1500

paring-shovel1531

cole-rake1575

rabble1664

van1664

steam shovel1801

ballast wagon1838

wirra1896

power shovel1902

1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie lxxi. 194 The instruments to digge withal..Spades, Howes or Mattocks and Pickaxes, a Colerake and a payre of Clampes.

1633 T. James Strange Voy. 79 I put some to make Col-rakes [to] rake a hole in the sands to let downe our Rudder.

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Col-rake, a shovel used to stir lead ore when it is being washed.

3. (In β forms), A mud-scraper, a muck-rake.

ΚΠ

1788 W. Marshall Provincialisms E. Yorks. in Rural Econ. Yorks. II. 323 Cowl-rake, a mud scraper.

1811 R. Willan List Words W. Riding Yorks. Coul vb., to put together dung, mud, dirt, etc. Coul-rake, the instrument by which this is performed.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	cole-rake
释义	cole-rakecolraken. Forms: Also Middle English coolerake, colrak(e; also β. 1500s– coulrake, 1700s cowl-rake, courake. Etymology: perhaps originally < col, cole, coal n. (in its sense of cinder ) + rake n.¹ But there is difficulty phonetically with the forms coul- , cowl-rake and modern dialect cou'rake , unless these have been assimilated to the dialect verb coul v., to rake towards one. 1. An instrument used for raking the cinders or ashes out of an oven or furnace. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > baker's equipment > oven-rake, -broom, or -mop oven rakeOE cole-rakec1440 sweeperc1440 furgon1530 scovel1553 furner1598 fruggan1611 oven-fork1611 scovin1657 coul-rake1877 society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > parts of furnace > [noun] > furnace rakes or shovels cole-rakec1440 slice-bar1846 fire hook1875 stoking-iron1876 coul-rake1877 stoking-rod1901 α. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 88 Coole rake [v.r. colrake], restellum, batillum. c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 613 Stalerum, a colrake. 1483 Cath. Angl. 72 A Colrake, trulla. ?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 809 Hoc jocabulum, a colrake. 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Rutabulum, a coole rake to make cleane an oven. 1577 R. Stanyhurst Treat. Descr. Irelande iii. f. 12/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I The coalerake sweeping of a pufloafe baker. 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Rouable, or Rable, a cole rake. β. 1572 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 349 In the kitching One Rakingcroke, one Iron por, one pele, one iro' coulrake ijs. viijd.1853 Whitby Gloss. Coulrake, the iron rake for the ashes at kitchen firesides.1883 T. Lees Easther's Gloss. Dial. Almondbury & Huddersfield Coulrake, variously pronounced cou'rake, colerake, and co'rake. Used chiefly for drawing coals upon the fire. 2. A similar instrument for other purposes. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > digging or lifting tools > [noun] > shovel > other shovels shod-shovel1465 scoop1487 peel?a1500 paring-shovel1531 cole-rake1575 rabble1664 van1664 steam shovel1801 ballast wagon1838 wirra1896 power shovel1902 1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie lxxi. 194 The instruments to digge withal..Spades, Howes or Mattocks and Pickaxes, a Colerake and a payre of Clampes. 1633 T. James Strange Voy. 79 I put some to make Col-rakes [to] rake a hole in the sands to let downe our Rudder. 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Col-rake, a shovel used to stir lead ore when it is being washed. 3. (In β forms), A mud-scraper, a muck-rake. ΚΠ 1788 W. Marshall Provincialisms E. Yorks. in Rural Econ. Yorks. II. 323 Cowl-rake, a mud scraper. 1811 R. Willan List Words W. Riding Yorks. Coul vb., to put together dung, mud, dirt, etc. Coul-rake, the instrument by which this is performed. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.c1440
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