comprisev.

Brit.

/kəmˈprʌɪz/, U.S.

/kəmˈpraɪz/

Forms: Also Middle English–1600s compryse, Middle English Scottish compris, 1600s–1800s comprize.

Etymology: < French comprendre (past participle and preterite indicative compris ) < Latin comprendĕre , contracted < comprehendĕre to comprehend v. Probably formed by association with emprise, and possibly with enterprise, both of which verbs were derivatives < English nouns of the same form (representing French emprise, entreprise, feminine nouns from past participle), but being used as the English representations of emprendre, entreprendre, formed a precedent for the analogous representation of other compounds of -prendre by verbs in -prise: compare apprise, surprise.

Many of the early passages in which this word occurs are so vague that it is difficult to gather the exact sense.

†1.

a. To lay hold on, take, catch, seize. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > seizing > seize [verb (transitive)]

gripea900

afangOE

to lay hands (or hand) on or upon (also in, to)OE

repeOE

atfonga1000

keepc1000

fang1016

kip1297

seize1338

to seize on or upon1399

to grip toc1400

rapc1415

to rap and rendc1415

comprise1423

forsetc1430

grip1488

to put (one's) hand(s) on (also in, to, unto, upon)1495

compass1509

to catch hold1520

hap1528

to lay hold (up)on, of1535

seisin?c1550

cly1567

scratch1582

attach1590

asseizea1593

grasp1642

to grasp at1677

collar1728

smuss1736

get1763

pin1768

grabble1796

bag1818

puckerow1843

nobble1877

jump1882

snaffle1902

snag1962

pull1967

1423 Kingis Quair xxviii Quhat was the cause that he [me] more comprisit Than othir folk to lyve in suich ruyne?

c1440 W. Hylton Scala Perfeccionis (1494) iii. xxviii The sercher..shal be ouerlayd & comprysed of hymselfe.

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. ccxxvii. 710 And the frenche kynge to comprise to his agreement his sonne in lawe [et prendroit le roy de france sur luy son filz].

1592 R. Greene Poems (1856) 129 He could with counsels commonwealths comprise.

†b. Scottish. To seize under legal authority, ‘attach’.

ΚΠ

c1575 [see comprised adj. at Derivatives].

1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 87 The Kings officiars, in the end of the market, sall cause the said cattell to be comprised..be leill men..vntill the summe of the debt.

1621 Sc. Acts Jas. VI c. 6 ⁋1 That summe of money for the which the sayde Landes are comprised.

1637 S. Rutherford Lett. (1863) I. cxxxiii. 322 I will think it no bondage to be rouped, comprised, and possessed by Christ as His bondman.

†2.

a. To ‘take in’ (mentally), perceive, comprehend, conceive. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > understanding > understand [verb (transitive)]

yknoweOE

acknowOE

anyeteOE

latchc1000

undernimc1000

understandc1000

underyetec1000

afindOE

knowOE

seeOE

onfangc1175

takec1175

underfindc1200

underfonga1300

undertakea1300

kenc1330

gripea1340

comprehend1340

comprendc1374

espyc1374

perceivea1387

to take for ——?1387

catcha1398

conceivea1398

intenda1400

overtakea1400

tenda1400

havec1405

henta1450

comprise1477

skilla1500

brook1548

apprend1567

compass1576

perstanda1577

endue1590

sound1592

engrasp1593

in1603

fathom1611

resent1614

receivea1616

to take up1617

apprehend1631

to take in1646

grasp1680

understumblec1681

forstand1682

savvy1686

overstand1699

uptake1726

nouse1779

twig1815

undercumstand1824

absorb1840

sense1844

undercumstumble1854

seize1855

intelligize1865

dig1935

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 55 By al that I see & comprise in you, hit semeth not..that ye be seke.

1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. biij^v/2 Whan one spake to hym, he remembred the manere for to compryse thentencyon of the spekar.

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. John 3 a What is he that canne by very imaginacion comprise how that God the father..doeth continually beget God the sonne?

1563 J. Man tr. W. Musculus Common Places Christian Relig. 372 a It is very hard to comprise, and much harder to expresse the nature of Godde.

1680 H. More Apocalypsis Apocalypseos 198 A name..that no man knew but himself..he alone that is it, being able to comprize it.

†b. ? To hold or bear in mind. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

a1529 J. Skelton Howe Douty Duke of Albany in Wks. (1568) sig. G.iii^v In his mynde to comprise Those wordes his grace dyd saye Of an ammas gray.

†c. intransitive with of. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. v. 20 Witte & raison for to serche and compryse of thinges of therthe.

a. To bring together and comprehend or include, esp. in a treatise.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > a compilation > compile (a work) [verb (transitive)] > materials for a work

gathera1000

compilec1425

comprisec1425

c1425 Wyntoun Cron. ix. xx. 44 Of þis matere..I hard said on sa mony wys, That al I couth noucht weil compris.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxlix^v They condescended to compryse the whole matter in wryting.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1592/1 That some fauourer of learned mens fame, would comprise their names and works in a particular volume.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 290 Whose..vertues, if in verse I now should take in hand For to comprize.

b. esp. To comprehend compendiously; to sum up.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > describe [verb (transitive)] > sum up

comprehendc1369

concludec1405

resume?a1425

recapitle?a1439

recapitule1489

comprisea1533

recapitulate1556

compendiate1614

anacephalize1654

subsumea1677

summarize1808

sum-totalize1837

recap1911

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. X.ij In a monethe a man might recken all the stones..but in a M. yeres he myght not comprise the malices of hi[r] yll customes.

1548 T. Cranmer Catechismus sig. Tiij^v The prayer of the Lorde..conteyneth..great and weyghty matters, suche as neyther aungell nor man..was able so pitheli to comprise in so few wordes.

1795 W. Paley View Evidences Christianity (ed. 3) II. ii. ii. 54 The necessity..of comprising what he delivered within a small compass.

1858 Parl. Deb. 3rd Ser. 151 352 There is far more in it..than any man..can comprise at all within the compass of a speech of ordinary length.

c. To comprehend or include under or in a class or denomination.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > include [verb (transitive)] > in a class, description, or reckoning

accounta1464

lap1552

include1575

shroud1593

comprise1597

list1622

classicate1654

classa1658

distribute1664

to run over ——1724

immerse1734

group1759

compute1818

classify1854

count1857

to ring in1916

1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lviii. 129 We vse..vnder the name of their substance not only to comprise that whereof they outwardly..consist, but also the secret grace.

1752 S. Johnson Rambler No. 194. ⁋4 This knowledge [of the world] she comprises in the rules of visiting, the history of the present hour, an early intelligence of the change of fashions, etc.

1853 C. Brontë Villette I. viii. 141 In her own single person, she could have comprised the duties of a first minister and a superintendent of police.

4. Of things material:

†a. To take in within its space; to enclose, to hold. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being internal > containing or having within > contain or have within [verb (transitive)]

holdc1000

takec1175

keep1340

harbour1362

containa1382

comprehend1393

comprise1483

carry1517

house1542

refrain1542

to fetch in1565

enharbour1596

inhold1614

reserve1614

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 221/4 Al the world myght not haue comprysed hym.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxl. f. clxii^v Uiii fote of Grounde nowe hath my Body comprysed.

1621 H. Elsynge Notes Deb. House of Lords (1870) 105 The amendements cannot be comprised in the parchement. They have newe wrytten yt.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica vi v.

1647 H. More Philos. Poems i.iii. xxxviii But smoreing filth so close it doth comprize That it cannot flame out.

b. To contain, as parts making up the whole, to consist of (the parts specified).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > be composed of or consist of [verb (transitive)] > contain as a constituent part > specifically of material things

haveOE

comprise1481

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. iv. 16 The fourme of the world and the facyon after that it conteyneth and compriseth.

1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ ii. iv. §4 The three walls of the City in which the three chief parts of it were comprized.

1868 W. Peard Pract. Water-farming xiii. 130 The works..comprise four ponds for fish.

1891 N.E.D. at Comprise Mod. Advt. The house comprises box-room, nine bed-rooms, bath-room, etc.

c. To extend so as to contain, to extend to; to cover a space or time.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > extend [verb (transitive)] > extend to

containc1374

to run to ——1528

comprise?1541

environ1596

the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > reach or extend over a period of time

containc1374

span1624

cover1863

comprise1870

?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Civ A corde that..compriseth all the elbow and moeueth the lytell arme.

1856 A. P. Stanley Sinai & Palestine (1858) v. 255 The first division of this plain, which comprised the territory of the ancient Philistines.

1870 F. M. Müller Sci. Relig. (1873) 49 The registers..which comprised a period of 200,000 years.

5. Of things immaterial:

a. To take in or include; as opposed to leaving out.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > include [verb (transitive)]

comprehend1393

includec1475

comprise1651

embrace1697

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > incorporation or inclusion > incorporate or include [verb (transitive)]

beclipc1230

beshut1340

contain1340

comprehendc1374

continue1377

begripe1393

close1393

incorpor1398

conceive?c1400

includec1475

engrossa1500

complect1523

conclude?1523

employ1528

to take in1534

retain1577

surmise1578

imprehend1590

immerse1605

comprise1651

involve1651

complexa1657

embrace1697

incorporate1824

embody1847

cover1868

1651 R. Baxter Plain Script. Proof Infants Church-membership & Baptism 67 The term [seed of God] doth comprize Infants.

1823 J. Thacher Mil. Jrnl. 79 [To] Comprize all the cases.

b. To embrace as its contents, matter, or subject.

ΚΠ

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 354 Such subsequent parts of these commentaries, as will..comprize almost every object of the justices' jurisdiction.

1788 J. Priestley Lect. Hist. iii. xiii. 102 The third division of our subject..comprizes what is necesary..to be known previous to the study of history.

1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) xv. 155 The word politics..comprises, in itself, a difficult study of no inconsiderable magnitude.

6. passive. To be included, embraced, comprehended:

a. in (or within) a document or its scope, in a class, or group.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > be included in something [verb (intransitive)]

comprehendc1384

comprisec1425

incur1536

come1577

befall1647

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > include [verb (transitive)] > in a treatise or discourse

comprehendc1384

comprisec1425

c1425 Wyntoun Cron. ix. ix. 60 Thre yheris trwys..Qwhare-in þe Scottis men and þe kyng ware comprysyd.

1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton 5 b Ouer and aboue these [commandments] that be comprysed in this sayd table.

1525 Bp. Clerk in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. ii. 88 I. 320 Theys maters war..nott comprisyd in the articles expressly.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) v. ii. 96 She is our capitall Demand, compris'd Within the fore-ranke of our Articles.

1656 J. Bramhall Replic. to Bishop of Chalcedon Pref. 22 The new Articles since comprised in that Creed.

1823 H. J. Brooke Familiar Introd. Crystallogr. 271 Decrements on the acute solid angles, are all comprised within class b.

b. in, within a space or time, between limits.

ΚΠ

1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. vi. 93 The Might or Power is couertly comprised betweene them both.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 7 The writing..wherein her oath for neuer marrying againe, was comprised.

1787 J. Barlow Oration July 4th 10 When an hundred millions of people are comprised within your territory.

1790 Coll. Voy. round World VI. xiv. 1963 That memorable day, in which are comprized the affecting incidents, and melancholy particulars.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 31 The hours, when the electric fluid appears feeblest, are those comprised within the time [between evening and sunrise].

c. under a heading, title, common term, division.

ΚΠ

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iv. lxxi. 533 Whiche are all comprised under the name of wilde Thistelles.

1655 W. Gouge & T. Gouge Learned Comm. Hebrewes (i. 2) i. 12 All..Christians..comprised under this particle Us.

1700 Moxon's Mech. Exercises: Bricklayers-wks. 1 Materials..are comprised under six Heads, viz. 1. Bricks, 2. Tiles, 3. Morter, 4. Laths, etc.

1870 G. Rolleston Forms Animal Life Introd. 61 The sub~division Loricata, under which are comprised the two orders of Crocodilina and Chelonia.

d. To be comprehended summarily.

ΚΠ

1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) ii. ii. sig. i.ii v In these two poyntes is comprysed all the holy scrypture.

a1571 W. Haddon in A. Fleming Panoplie Epist. (1576) 415 In this clause the sum of their request is comprised.

1601 Bp. W. Barlow Serm. Paules Crosse Martij 1600 20 The whole dutie of a Christian is comprised in one word.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 237 Behold a Nation in a Man compris'd.

1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. i. xi. 35 Academical Study may be comprised in two points, Reading and Meditation.

1834 R. Southey Doctor I. 165 Whether the secret of the Freemasons be comprised in the mystic word above.

e. Said especially of the things that collectively make up the whole of the thing or class spoken of.

ΚΠ

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 134 There were but one and thirtie citties comprised onely in the league.

1675 R. Baxter Catholick Theol. i. ii. 4 It is various degrees of punishment which are comprised in the word Death.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 158. ⁋10 What should be comprised in the proposition.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 430 All the various titles that we find in the heathen mythology, we at last find comprized in Apollo, or the Sun.

†7. To put together, draw up, compose (a treatise). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > be the author of or write (a work) [verb (transitive)]

setc888

adighteOE

awriteeOE

writeeOE

dightc1000

workOE

makelOE

brevea1225

ditea1300

aditec1330

indite1340

betravail1387

compone1393

saya1475

compile1477

compose1483

comprise1485

recite1523

pen1530

contex1542

invent1576

author1597

context1628

to make up1630

spawn1631

1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. bj^v/1 Pepyn, and in especial charlemayn his sone vpon whome this werke is comprysed.

1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure xiv. viii A ryght greate boke he did truly compryse.

1628 M. Lok (title) The Famovs Historie of the Indies: Declaring the Aduentures of the Spaniards..with Varietie of Relations of the Religious, Lawes, Gouernments..of that People. Comprised into sundry Decads.

8. Of things:

†a. To take up, fully occupy (a space). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > completely

fillc1000

containc1374

replenish?a1425

comprise1489

to take up1538

pack1567

1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes ii. xxxiv. 144 Olde vesselles charged with stones..shal be drowned so that they shal compryse and fylle all the hauene.

b. To constitute, make up, compose.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > be (part of) [verb (transitive)] > be the or a component(s) of

graitha1300

form1377

makea1393

compone1398

constitute1552

go1559

to make up1589

mould1602

compounda1616

integrate1638

elementate1660

compose1665

represent1776

comprise1794

account1893

1794 W. Paley View Evidences Christianity I. i. ix. 212 The propositions which comprise the several heads of our testimony.

1799 W. Jones Adams's Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. (ed. 2) II. xvi. App. 262 The wheels and pinions comprizing the wheel-work.

1850 W. S. Harris Rudim. Magn. iv. 73 These substances which we have termed diamagnetic..and which comprise a very extensive class of bodies.

1907 H. E. Santee Anat. Brain & Spinal Cord (1908) iii. 237 The fibres comprising the zonal layer have four sources of origin.

1925 Brit. Jrnl. Radiology 30 148 The various fuses etc. comprising the circuit.

1950 M. Peake Gormenghast xiv. 86 Who, by the way, do comprise the Staff these latter days?

1959 Chambers's Encycl. XIII. 653/1 These fibres also comprise the main element in scar tissue.

1969 W. Hooper in C. S. Lewis Sel. Lit. Ess. p. xix These essays together with those contained in this volume comprise the total of C. S. Lewis's essays on literature.

1969 N. Perrin Dr. Bowdler's Legacy (1970) i. 20 As to who comprised this new reading public, Jeffrey..guessed in 1812 that there were 20,000 upper-class readers in Great Britain.

c. passive. To be composed of, to consist of.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > be composed of or consist of [verb (transitive)]

to be made ofa1200

to stand of ——a1393

to stand togetherc1475

remaina1525

compose?1541

subsist1549

to stand on ——1563

to consist of1565

to stand upon ——1601

to consist in1614

comprise1874

1874 Art of Paper-Making ii. 10 Thirds, or Mixed, are comprised of either or both of the above.

1928 Daily Tel. 17 July 10/7 The voluntary boards of management, comprised..of very zealous and able laymen.

1964 E. Palmer tr. A. Martinet Elements Gen. Linguistics i. 28 Many of these words are comprised of monemes.

1970 Nature 27 June 1206/2 Internally, the chloroplast is comprised of a system of flattened membrane sacs.

9. The participles are used absolutely: = Including, included (cf. French y compris); so the gerund.

ΚΠ

1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures vii. 21 He had lost above three thousand and five hundred men, not comprising the wounded.

1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 37 One quarter of the Ionick Column, the Base and Capital comprised.

1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 56 Brick-layers will work..the inside for thirty three shillings, arches comprised.

1887 W. G. Palgrave Phra-Bat in Ulysses The edifice..is square, about thirty feet in dimension each way, without comprising the outer colonnade.

Derivatives

comˈprised adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > [adjective] > included

comprisedc1575

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > incorporation or inclusion > [adjective] > incorporated or included

inclusive1573

comprisedc1575

included1590

incorpsed1604

incorporated1715

unexcluded1780

corporate1850

in the mix1962

c1575 J. Balfour Practicks (1754) 147 Redemptioun of comprysit landis. Marg. Difference betwix comprysit landis and wodset landis.

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xii. 305 If he be in himselfe, they are also two, the comprizing and the comprized.

1691 E. Taylor J. Behmen's Theosophick Philos. 316 Which breaketh the comprized Life again.

comˈprising n. and adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > [adjective]

comprising1603

including1611

including1648

suscipient1655

comprehensivea1657

subsumptive1770

inclusionist1854

inclusionary1930

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > incorporation or inclusion > [noun]

incorporation1398

corporation1439

inclusiona1500

comprehension1541

incorporature1570

incorporating1579

including1598

incision1601

insition1601

comprising1603

assumption1617

inlaying1674

embodying1677

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > incorporation or inclusion > [adjective]

incorporative1592

comprising1603

including1611

inclusive1622

inclusory1775

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xii. 305 If he be in himselfe, they are also two, the comprizing and the comprized.

1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 110 Comprisings of lands.

a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 229 The subdivisions..three or four under one comprising arch.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	comprise
释义	comprisev. Brit. /kəmˈprʌɪz/, U.S. /kəmˈpraɪz/ Forms: Also Middle English–1600s compryse, Middle English Scottish compris, 1600s–1800s comprize. Etymology: < French comprendre (past participle and preterite indicative compris ) < Latin comprendĕre , contracted < comprehendĕre to comprehend v. Probably formed by association with emprise, and possibly with enterprise, both of which verbs were derivatives < English nouns of the same form (representing French emprise, entreprise, feminine nouns from past participle), but being used as the English representations of emprendre, entreprendre, formed a precedent for the analogous representation of other compounds of -prendre by verbs in -prise: compare apprise, surprise. Many of the early passages in which this word occurs are so vague that it is difficult to gather the exact sense. †1. a. To lay hold on, take, catch, seize. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > seizing > seize [verb (transitive)] gripea900 afangOE to lay hands (or hand) on or upon (also in, to)OE repeOE atfonga1000 keepc1000 fang1016 kip1297 seize1338 to seize on or upon1399 to grip toc1400 rapc1415 to rap and rendc1415 comprise1423 forsetc1430 grip1488 to put (one's) hand(s) on (also in, to, unto, upon)1495 compass1509 to catch hold1520 hap1528 to lay hold (up)on, of1535 seisin?c1550 cly1567 scratch1582 attach1590 asseizea1593 grasp1642 to grasp at1677 collar1728 smuss1736 get1763 pin1768 grabble1796 bag1818 puckerow1843 nobble1877 jump1882 snaffle1902 snag1962 pull1967 1423 Kingis Quair xxviii Quhat was the cause that he [me] more comprisit Than othir folk to lyve in suich ruyne? c1440 W. Hylton Scala Perfeccionis (1494) iii. xxviii The sercher..shal be ouerlayd & comprysed of hymselfe. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. ccxxvii. 710 And the frenche kynge to comprise to his agreement his sonne in lawe [et prendroit le roy de france sur luy son filz]. 1592 R. Greene Poems (1856) 129 He could with counsels commonwealths comprise. †b. Scottish. To seize under legal authority, ‘attach’. ΚΠ c1575 [see comprised adj. at Derivatives]. 1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 87 The Kings officiars, in the end of the market, sall cause the said cattell to be comprised..be leill men..vntill the summe of the debt. 1621 Sc. Acts Jas. VI c. 6 ⁋1 That summe of money for the which the sayde Landes are comprised. 1637 S. Rutherford Lett. (1863) I. cxxxiii. 322 I will think it no bondage to be rouped, comprised, and possessed by Christ as His bondman. †2. a. To ‘take in’ (mentally), perceive, comprehend, conceive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > understanding > understand [verb (transitive)] yknoweOE acknowOE anyeteOE latchc1000 undernimc1000 understandc1000 underyetec1000 afindOE knowOE seeOE onfangc1175 takec1175 underfindc1200 underfonga1300 undertakea1300 kenc1330 gripea1340 comprehend1340 comprendc1374 espyc1374 perceivea1387 to take for ——?1387 catcha1398 conceivea1398 intenda1400 overtakea1400 tenda1400 havec1405 henta1450 comprise1477 skilla1500 brook1548 apprend1567 compass1576 perstanda1577 endue1590 sound1592 engrasp1593 in1603 fathom1611 resent1614 receivea1616 to take up1617 apprehend1631 to take in1646 grasp1680 understumblec1681 forstand1682 savvy1686 overstand1699 uptake1726 nouse1779 twig1815 undercumstand1824 absorb1840 sense1844 undercumstumble1854 seize1855 intelligize1865 dig1935 read1956 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 55 By al that I see & comprise in you, hit semeth not..that ye be seke. 1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. biij^v/2 Whan one spake to hym, he remembred the manere for to compryse thentencyon of the spekar. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. John 3 a What is he that canne by very imaginacion comprise how that God the father..doeth continually beget God the sonne? 1563 J. Man tr. W. Musculus Common Places Christian Relig. 372 a It is very hard to comprise, and much harder to expresse the nature of Godde. 1680 H. More Apocalypsis Apocalypseos 198 A name..that no man knew but himself..he alone that is it, being able to comprize it. †b. ? To hold or bear in mind. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ a1529 J. Skelton Howe Douty Duke of Albany in Wks. (1568) sig. G.iii^v In his mynde to comprise Those wordes his grace dyd saye Of an ammas gray. †c. intransitive with of. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. v. 20 Witte & raison for to serche and compryse of thinges of therthe. 3. a. To bring together and comprehend or include, esp. in a treatise. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > a compilation > compile (a work) [verb (transitive)] > materials for a work gathera1000 compilec1425 comprisec1425 c1425 Wyntoun Cron. ix. xx. 44 Of þis matere..I hard said on sa mony wys, That al I couth noucht weil compris. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxlix^v They condescended to compryse the whole matter in wryting. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1592/1 That some fauourer of learned mens fame, would comprise their names and works in a particular volume. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 290 Whose..vertues, if in verse I now should take in hand For to comprize. b. esp. To comprehend compendiously; to sum up. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > describe [verb (transitive)] > sum up comprehendc1369 concludec1405 resume?a1425 recapitle?a1439 recapitule1489 comprisea1533 recapitulate1556 compendiate1614 anacephalize1654 subsumea1677 summarize1808 sum-totalize1837 recap1911 a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. X.ij In a monethe a man might recken all the stones..but in a M. yeres he myght not comprise the malices of hi[r] yll customes. 1548 T. Cranmer Catechismus sig. Tiij^v The prayer of the Lorde..conteyneth..great and weyghty matters, suche as neyther aungell nor man..was able so pitheli to comprise in so few wordes. 1795 W. Paley View Evidences Christianity (ed. 3) II. ii. ii. 54 The necessity..of comprising what he delivered within a small compass. 1858 Parl. Deb. 3rd Ser. 151 352 There is far more in it..than any man..can comprise at all within the compass of a speech of ordinary length. c. To comprehend or include under or in a class or denomination. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > include [verb (transitive)] > in a class, description, or reckoning accounta1464 lap1552 include1575 shroud1593 comprise1597 list1622 classicate1654 classa1658 distribute1664 to run over ——1724 immerse1734 group1759 compute1818 classify1854 count1857 to ring in1916 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lviii. 129 We vse..vnder the name of their substance not only to comprise that whereof they outwardly..consist, but also the secret grace. 1752 S. Johnson Rambler No. 194. ⁋4 This knowledge [of the world] she comprises in the rules of visiting, the history of the present hour, an early intelligence of the change of fashions, etc. 1853 C. Brontë Villette I. viii. 141 In her own single person, she could have comprised the duties of a first minister and a superintendent of police. 4. Of things material: †a. To take in within its space; to enclose, to hold. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being internal > containing or having within > contain or have within [verb (transitive)] holdc1000 takec1175 keep1340 harbour1362 containa1382 comprehend1393 comprise1483 carry1517 house1542 refrain1542 to fetch in1565 enharbour1596 inhold1614 reserve1614 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 221/4 Al the world myght not haue comprysed hym. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxl. f. clxii^v Uiii fote of Grounde nowe hath my Body comprysed. 1621 H. Elsynge Notes Deb. House of Lords (1870) 105 The amendements cannot be comprised in the parchement. They have newe wrytten yt. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica vi v. 1647 H. More Philos. Poems i.iii. xxxviii But smoreing filth so close it doth comprize That it cannot flame out. b. To contain, as parts making up the whole, to consist of (the parts specified). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > be composed of or consist of [verb (transitive)] > contain as a constituent part > specifically of material things haveOE comprise1481 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. iv. 16 The fourme of the world and the facyon after that it conteyneth and compriseth. 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ ii. iv. §4 The three walls of the City in which the three chief parts of it were comprized. 1868 W. Peard Pract. Water-farming xiii. 130 The works..comprise four ponds for fish. 1891 N.E.D. at Comprise Mod. Advt. The house comprises box-room, nine bed-rooms, bath-room, etc. c. To extend so as to contain, to extend to; to cover a space or time. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > extend [verb (transitive)] > extend to containc1374 to run to ——1528 comprise?1541 environ1596 the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > reach or extend over a period of time containc1374 span1624 cover1863 comprise1870 ?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Civ A corde that..compriseth all the elbow and moeueth the lytell arme. 1856 A. P. Stanley Sinai & Palestine (1858) v. 255 The first division of this plain, which comprised the territory of the ancient Philistines. 1870 F. M. Müller Sci. Relig. (1873) 49 The registers..which comprised a period of 200,000 years. 5. Of things immaterial: a. To take in or include; as opposed to leaving out. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > include [verb (transitive)] comprehend1393 includec1475 comprise1651 embrace1697 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > incorporation or inclusion > incorporate or include [verb (transitive)] beclipc1230 beshut1340 contain1340 comprehendc1374 continue1377 begripe1393 close1393 incorpor1398 conceive?c1400 includec1475 engrossa1500 complect1523 conclude?1523 employ1528 to take in1534 retain1577 surmise1578 imprehend1590 immerse1605 comprise1651 involve1651 complexa1657 embrace1697 incorporate1824 embody1847 cover1868 1651 R. Baxter Plain Script. Proof Infants Church-membership & Baptism 67 The term [seed of God] doth comprize Infants. 1823 J. Thacher Mil. Jrnl. 79 [To] Comprize all the cases. b. To embrace as its contents, matter, or subject. ΚΠ 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 354 Such subsequent parts of these commentaries, as will..comprize almost every object of the justices' jurisdiction. 1788 J. Priestley Lect. Hist. iii. xiii. 102 The third division of our subject..comprizes what is necesary..to be known previous to the study of history. 1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) xv. 155 The word politics..comprises, in itself, a difficult study of no inconsiderable magnitude. 6. passive. To be included, embraced, comprehended: a. in (or within) a document or its scope, in a class, or group. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > be included in something [verb (intransitive)] comprehendc1384 comprisec1425 incur1536 come1577 befall1647 the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > include [verb (transitive)] > in a treatise or discourse comprehendc1384 comprisec1425 c1425 Wyntoun Cron. ix. ix. 60 Thre yheris trwys..Qwhare-in þe Scottis men and þe kyng ware comprysyd. 1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton 5 b Ouer and aboue these [commandments] that be comprysed in this sayd table. 1525 Bp. Clerk in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. ii. 88 I. 320 Theys maters war..nott comprisyd in the articles expressly. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) v. ii. 96 She is our capitall Demand, compris'd Within the fore-ranke of our Articles. View more context for this quotation 1656 J. Bramhall Replic. to Bishop of Chalcedon Pref. 22 The new Articles since comprised in that Creed. 1823 H. J. Brooke Familiar Introd. Crystallogr. 271 Decrements on the acute solid angles, are all comprised within class b. b. in, within a space or time, between limits. ΚΠ 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. vi. 93 The Might or Power is couertly comprised betweene them both. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 7 The writing..wherein her oath for neuer marrying againe, was comprised. 1787 J. Barlow Oration July 4th 10 When an hundred millions of people are comprised within your territory. 1790 Coll. Voy. round World VI. xiv. 1963 That memorable day, in which are comprized the affecting incidents, and melancholy particulars. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 31 The hours, when the electric fluid appears feeblest, are those comprised within the time [between evening and sunrise]. c. under a heading, title, common term, division. ΚΠ 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iv. lxxi. 533 Whiche are all comprised under the name of wilde Thistelles. 1655 W. Gouge & T. Gouge Learned Comm. Hebrewes (i. 2) i. 12 All..Christians..comprised under this particle Us. 1700 Moxon's Mech. Exercises: Bricklayers-wks. 1 Materials..are comprised under six Heads, viz. 1. Bricks, 2. Tiles, 3. Morter, 4. Laths, etc. 1870 G. Rolleston Forms Animal Life Introd. 61 The sub~division Loricata, under which are comprised the two orders of Crocodilina and Chelonia. d. To be comprehended summarily. ΚΠ 1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) ii. ii. sig. i.ii v In these two poyntes is comprysed all the holy scrypture. a1571 W. Haddon in A. Fleming Panoplie Epist. (1576) 415 In this clause the sum of their request is comprised. 1601 Bp. W. Barlow Serm. Paules Crosse Martij 1600 20 The whole dutie of a Christian is comprised in one word. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 237 Behold a Nation in a Man compris'd. 1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. i. xi. 35 Academical Study may be comprised in two points, Reading and Meditation. 1834 R. Southey Doctor I. 165 Whether the secret of the Freemasons be comprised in the mystic word above. e. Said especially of the things that collectively make up the whole of the thing or class spoken of. ΚΠ 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 134 There were but one and thirtie citties comprised onely in the league. 1675 R. Baxter Catholick Theol. i. ii. 4 It is various degrees of punishment which are comprised in the word Death. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 158. ⁋10 What should be comprised in the proposition. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 430 All the various titles that we find in the heathen mythology, we at last find comprized in Apollo, or the Sun. †7. To put together, draw up, compose (a treatise). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > be the author of or write (a work) [verb (transitive)] setc888 adighteOE awriteeOE writeeOE dightc1000 workOE makelOE brevea1225 ditea1300 aditec1330 indite1340 betravail1387 compone1393 saya1475 compile1477 compose1483 comprise1485 recite1523 pen1530 contex1542 invent1576 author1597 context1628 to make up1630 spawn1631 1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. bj^v/1 Pepyn, and in especial charlemayn his sone vpon whome this werke is comprysed. 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure xiv. viii A ryght greate boke he did truly compryse. 1628 M. Lok (title) The Famovs Historie of the Indies: Declaring the Aduentures of the Spaniards..with Varietie of Relations of the Religious, Lawes, Gouernments..of that People. Comprised into sundry Decads. 8. Of things: †a. To take up, fully occupy (a space). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > completely fillc1000 containc1374 replenish?a1425 comprise1489 to take up1538 pack1567 1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes ii. xxxiv. 144 Olde vesselles charged with stones..shal be drowned so that they shal compryse and fylle all the hauene. b. To constitute, make up, compose. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > be (part of) [verb (transitive)] > be the or a component(s) of graitha1300 form1377 makea1393 compone1398 constitute1552 go1559 to make up1589 mould1602 compounda1616 integrate1638 elementate1660 compose1665 represent1776 comprise1794 account1893 1794 W. Paley View Evidences Christianity I. i. ix. 212 The propositions which comprise the several heads of our testimony. 1799 W. Jones Adams's Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. (ed. 2) II. xvi. App. 262 The wheels and pinions comprizing the wheel-work. 1850 W. S. Harris Rudim. Magn. iv. 73 These substances which we have termed diamagnetic..and which comprise a very extensive class of bodies. 1907 H. E. Santee Anat. Brain & Spinal Cord (1908) iii. 237 The fibres comprising the zonal layer have four sources of origin. 1925 Brit. Jrnl. Radiology 30 148 The various fuses etc. comprising the circuit. 1950 M. Peake Gormenghast xiv. 86 Who, by the way, do comprise the Staff these latter days? 1959 Chambers's Encycl. XIII. 653/1 These fibres also comprise the main element in scar tissue. 1969 W. Hooper in C. S. Lewis Sel. Lit. Ess. p. xix These essays together with those contained in this volume comprise the total of C. S. Lewis's essays on literature. 1969 N. Perrin Dr. Bowdler's Legacy (1970) i. 20 As to who comprised this new reading public, Jeffrey..guessed in 1812 that there were 20,000 upper-class readers in Great Britain. c. passive. To be composed of, to consist of. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > be composed of or consist of [verb (transitive)] to be made ofa1200 to stand of ——a1393 to stand togetherc1475 remaina1525 compose?1541 subsist1549 to stand on ——1563 to consist of1565 to stand upon ——1601 to consist in1614 comprise1874 1874 Art of Paper-Making ii. 10 Thirds, or Mixed, are comprised of either or both of the above. 1928 Daily Tel. 17 July 10/7 The voluntary boards of management, comprised..of very zealous and able laymen. 1964 E. Palmer tr. A. Martinet Elements Gen. Linguistics i. 28 Many of these words are comprised of monemes. 1970 Nature 27 June 1206/2 Internally, the chloroplast is comprised of a system of flattened membrane sacs. 9. The participles are used absolutely: = Including, included (cf. French y compris); so the gerund. ΚΠ 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures vii. 21 He had lost above three thousand and five hundred men, not comprising the wounded. 1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 37 One quarter of the Ionick Column, the Base and Capital comprised. 1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 56 Brick-layers will work..the inside for thirty three shillings, arches comprised. 1887 W. G. Palgrave Phra-Bat in Ulysses The edifice..is square, about thirty feet in dimension each way, without comprising the outer colonnade. Derivatives comˈprised adj. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > [adjective] > included comprisedc1575 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > incorporation or inclusion > [adjective] > incorporated or included inclusive1573 comprisedc1575 included1590 incorpsed1604 incorporated1715 unexcluded1780 corporate1850 in the mix1962 c1575 J. Balfour Practicks (1754) 147 Redemptioun of comprysit landis. Marg. Difference betwix comprysit landis and wodset landis. 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xii. 305 If he be in himselfe, they are also two, the comprizing and the comprized. 1691 E. Taylor J. Behmen's Theosophick Philos. 316 Which breaketh the comprized Life again. comˈprising n. and adj. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > [adjective] comprising1603 including1611 including1648 suscipient1655 comprehensivea1657 subsumptive1770 inclusionist1854 inclusionary1930 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > incorporation or inclusion > [noun] incorporation1398 corporation1439 inclusiona1500 comprehension1541 incorporature1570 incorporating1579 including1598 incision1601 insition1601 comprising1603 assumption1617 inlaying1674 embodying1677 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > incorporation or inclusion > [adjective] incorporative1592 comprising1603 including1611 inclusive1622 inclusory1775 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xii. 305 If he be in himselfe, they are also two, the comprizing and the comprized. 1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 110 Comprisings of lands. a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 229 The subdivisions..three or four under one comprising arch. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.1423
随便看	a bit rich a bit tasty a bit thick a bitter spread a blank look-out a blank lookout a blessing in disguise a blind a blip on the radar a blip on the radar screen a bliss of birds a blot on an escutcheon a blot on the landscape a blot upon the landscape a bolt from the blue a bolt out of the blue a bone in the throat a bone to gnaw a bone to pick a bonny penny a bonny while a bots on a bottle of smoke a bow too long bent waxes dull a box of spanners