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单词 -one
释义

-onesuffix

Primary stress is nearly always retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French -one.
Etymology: < French -one (in margarone , acétone , etc.), after -one (in eupione eupione n.: see note below).German Eupion was coined in 1832 by C. Reichenbach ( Jrnl. f. Chem. u. Physik 62 137) and taken into French as eupione ; in 1833 the French chemist A. Bussy ( Ann. der Chim. et de Physique 53 408–9) noted the usefulness of the element -one as a productive suffix (likened to Greek -ωνη female descendant) and proposed acétone , stérone , and oléone . Terms thus formed were subsequently borrowed into English, and the suffix then became productive in English. In early use in sense 1 there is fluctuation between -on and -one : see discussion s.v. -on suffix3. The systematic application of the suffix to ketones was made by C. Gerhardt in 1852 ( Compte rendu hebd. de l'Acad. des Sci. 34 905). For an unrelated use of the ending -one see etymological note s.v. nitrone n.
Chemistry.
1. Originally: forming unsystematically the names of organic compounds derived from other compounds, as mellone (now mellon), quinone, acetone. Later, on the model of acetone: forming the names of ketones, as butanone, propanone, and of compounds regarded as analogous to ketones, as sulphone, oestrone.
ΚΠ
1931 Jrnl. Chem. Soc i. 1611 Definitive Report of the Committee for the Reform of Nomenclature in Organic Chemistry... Ketones are to receive the termination one.
2. In the systematic nomenclature proposed by A. W. Hofmann (quot. 1867): forming the names of aliphatic hydrocarbons of the formula CnH2n−4, as proponeC3H2, quartoneC4H4, pentone or quintoneC5H6, sextoneC6H8, some of which are hypothetical. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1867 A. W. Hofmann in Proc. Royal Soc. 1866–7 15 58 According to this principle the following names are formed:..Propane, (C3 H8)0. Propyl, (C3 H7)′. Propene, (C3 H6)″... Propone, (C3 H2)vi.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2020).
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