| 单词 | conditioned stimulus |
| 释义 | > as lemmasconditioned stimulus b. conditioned reflex, a reflex or reflex action which through habit or training has been induced to follow a stimulus not naturally associated with it (cf. unconditioned adj.). So conditioned inhibition, conditioned response, conditioned stimulus. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > experimental psychology > study of reflex actions > [noun] > type of reflex conditioned reflex1906 unconditioned reflex1906 the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > [noun] > accustomedness > action or fact of accustoming > to conditioned responses > reflex moulded through habit conditioned reflex1906 1906 Nature 11 Oct. 592/1 The latter actions..are termed by Prof. Pawlow ‘conditioned reflexes’, to distinguish them from the ordinary or unconditioned reflexes. 1915 W. H. Howell Physiol. (ed. 6) 189 A class of reflexes obtained through the cortex of the cerebrum which he [sc. Pawlow] calls conditioned reflexes, because they may be elaborated under certain conditions. 1920 Jrnl. Exper. Psychol. 3 3 At nine months of age..can we condition fear of an animal, e.g., a white rat, by visually presenting it and simultaneously striking a steel bar?.. Such a conditioned emotional response can be established. 1925 E. P. Poulton Taylor's Pract. Med. (ed. 13) 892 Such associations are usually lost with further experience in the same way as the simpler conditioned reflexes established in animals can be broken down by further training. 1927 G. V. Anrep tr. I. P. Pavlov Conditioned Reflexes ii. 25 I have termed this new group of reflexes conditioned reflexes to distinguish them from the inborn or unconditioned reflexes. 1927 G. V. Anrep tr. I. P. Pavlov Conditioned Reflexes ii. 26 Conditioned reflexes are phenomena of common and wide-spread occurrence... We recognize them in ourselves and in other people or animals under such names as ‘education’, ‘habits’, and ‘training’. 1927 G. V. Anrep tr. I. P. Pavlov Conditioned Reflexes ii. 27 It is..necessary that the conditioned stimulus should begin to operate before the unconditioned stimulus comes into action. 1927 G. V. Anrep tr. I. P. Pavlov Conditioned Reflexes v. 69 Conditioned inhibition is developed..where the duration of the positive stimulus overlaps that of the additional stimulus. 1931 Discovery Apr. 106/2 This new kind of reflex, engrained by particular conditions of individual experience, was called by Pavlov a conditioned reflex. 1934 H. C. Warren Dict. Psychol. 55/1 Conditioned response. 1951 G. Humphrey Thinking i. 24 Motivation is sometimes necessary..for the establishment of conditioned reflexes. 1951 G. Humphrey Thinking x. 313 Early experimentalists thought that a replica of past experience was produced by association... Various alternatives have been proposed..the ‘conditioned response’, and so on. 1960 H. J. Eysenck et al. Behaviour Therapy iii. 223 Extinction brought about by a habit of not responding, i.e. conditioned inhibition. 1962 John o' London's 4 Jan. 19/3 Annie winces; and so (after the conditioned-reflex laugh) do we. < as lemmas |
| 随便看 |
|
英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。