complainv.

Brit.

/kəmˈpleɪn/, U.S.

/kəmˈpleɪn/

Forms: Middle English compleign(e, Middle English–1500s compleyn(e, compleine, Middle English complane, Middle English–1500s complayn(e, 1500s complene, 1500s–1600s complaine, 1500s– complain.

Etymology: Middle English compleigne, < French complaign- stem of complaindre (compare present complaigne) to manifest compassion, bewail = Italian compiangere < late Latin complangĕre to bewail, < Latin com- intensive + plangĕre to lament, bewail, originally to strike, beat, beat the breast or head in sign of grief.

I. To give expression to sorrow or suffering.

†1.

a. transitive. To bewail, lament, deplore. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief for [verb (transitive)]

sorroweOE

meaneOE

bemournOE

mournOE

bemoanc1000

ofthink?c1225

bequeatha1325

moana1325

plain1340

wail1362

bewailc1374

complainc1374

waymenta1400

grievec1400

sorrowa1425

regratec1480

lament1535

deplore1567

dole1567

condole1607

pine1667

rave1810

c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iv. 1142 He longe hadde hire compleyned.

c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 474 They mowe wel be biwaylit or compleynit.

c1386 G. Chaucer Doctor's T. 239 Ȝeue me leue, fader myn..My deþ for to compleyne a litel space.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin ii. 24 They..complayned here grete losse.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxx. 283 To complayne the dethe of the kyng.

1646 R. Crashaw Musicks Duell in Steps to Temple 107 Whose trembling murmurs..Runs to and fro, complaining his sweet cares.

1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Cock & Fox in Fables 249 Gaufride, who could'st so well in Rhime complain, The Death of Richard with an Arrow slain.

†b. To utter in complaint; to compose as a complaint. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief for [verb (transitive)] > utter in lamenting manner

complainc1385

weep1602

mourn1607

passion1844

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > other types of poem > compose other specific type of poem [verb (transitive)] > compose as a complaint

complainc1385

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Lucrece. 1744 Hire wordis that she hath compleynyd.

1595 E. Spenser Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. C3^v She to whom Daphnaida Vpon her neeces death I did complaine.

†2. reflexive. [so Old French se complaindre.] To bewail oneself, lament, utter one's lamentations. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief [verb (reflexive)]

meana1225

plainc1330

complainc1385

waymentc1450

condole1592

lament1749

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Ariadne. 1964 Thesyus compleynede hym be nyghte.

1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lxv. 95 He..dyd complayne hym self to his wyf.

1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. E3 To all the Host of Heauen I complaine me.

1619 W. Sclater Expos. 1 Thess. (1630) 534 The Apostle complaines him heauily of sinne dwelling in him.

†3.

a. intransitive. To give expression to sorrow; to make moan, lament. Const. to, unto another, for an object. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief [verb (intransitive)]

sorroweOE

meaneOE

careOE

mournOE

ofthink?c1225

to make sorrow?c1250

to make languorc1300

bemoanc1305

plainc1325

moanc1330

wailc1330

waymentc1350

complainc1374

to make syte?a1400

sweam14..

lamentc1515

bemournc1540

regratec1550

to sing sol-fa, sorrow, woe1573

condole1598

passion1598

deplore1632

ochone1829

rune1832

c1374 G. Chaucer Compl. Mars 136 Compleyneth eke ye lovers alle in fere For her.

1430 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. v That myghtest well complayn & make dole.

c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) cxvii. 414 When Huon saw this shyppe arryue at the porte he greatly complaynyd for them, and sayd.

1633 P. Fletcher Elisa 123 in Purple Island Remember measure in your griefs complaining.

1647 A. Cowley Mistresse 23 What lover can like me complaine, Who first loved vainely, next in vaine!

b. with subordinate clause.

ΚΠ

c1386 G. Chaucer Wife of Bath's Prol. 758 Oon Latumyus Compleigned unto his felaw Arrius, That, etc.

1509 J. Fisher Mornynge Remembraunce Countesse of Rychemonde (de Worde) sig. Aiii Often she complayned y^t in her youthe she had not gyuen her to y^e vnderstondynge of latyn.

a. intransitive (formerly also reflexive). To give sign of physical suffering or pain, to suffer, to be ailing. (Now dialect) Cf. complaint n. 6.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > be painful [verb (intransitive)] > express pain

grinOE

quetchc1225

singc1386

quinch1511

complain1600

flincha1677

the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > suffer pain [verb (reflexive)] > express pain

complain1600

1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xxviii. 191 When the horse complaineth himselfe, and his flankes be swoln..by hauing eaten some bad haie.

1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique vii. lvi. 887 If you see that she complaine her-selfe of sicknes, put into her water pot some sixe chyres of saffron.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 424 The Horse immediatly had the vse of his leg..and went also safe home without complaining thereof euer after.

1654 R. Codrington tr. Justinus Hist. 200 His body became so extreamly tender, that he complained at the touches of his friends.

1739 J. Swift Verses on Death Dr. Swift: Nov. 1731 7 Should some Neighbour feel a Pain Just in the Parts where I complain.

1796 H. Macneill Waes o' War iii. 22 Wounded soldier! if complaining, Sleep nae here and catch your death.

1891 N.E.D. at Complain Mod. Sc. He's always complaining i.e. ailing.

b. with a mixture of 2, and associated with 6: to complain of: to let it be known that one is suffering from (any pain, or feeling of illness).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > suffer pain [verb (transitive)] > express pain

to complain of1792

plain1863

1792 R. Burns in J. Johnson Scots Musical Museum IV. 327 He's always compleenin frae mornin to e'enin, He hosts and he hirpls the weary day lang.

c1850 Arabian Nights (Rtldg.) 594 He..complained of a violent pain that had suddenly seized his head.

1890 W. Wallace Life Schopenhauer 212 Complaining that something was amiss with the beating of his heart.

1891 N.E.D. at Complain Mod. What does the patient complain of? She complains frequently of headaches.

II. The expression of suffering passing into that of grievance and blame.

†5. reflexive. = 6. Const. of. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > discontent or dissatisfaction > state of complaining > complain [verb (reflexive)]

plainc1230

complain1393

1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 245 Whereof nature her hath compleigned Unto the god.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin v. 80 That he sholde a-mende alle the fautes wherof thei cowde hem complayne.

1532 T. Elyot Let. 8 Dec. in Bk. named Gouernour (1880) I. Introd. p. lxxxix The infelicitie that I complayne me of.

1631 E. Pellham Gods Power 23 Leisure..to complaine our selves of our..miserable conditions.

6. intransitive. To give expression to feelings of ill-usage, dissatisfaction, or discontent; to murmur, grumble.

a. simply, and const. against (at).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > discontent or dissatisfaction > state of complaining > complain [verb (intransitive)]

murkeOE

misspeakOE

yomer971

chidea1000

murkenOE

grutch?c1225

mean?a1300

hum13..

plainta1325

gruntc1325

plainc1325

musea1382

murmurc1390

complain1393

contrary1393

flitec1400

pinea1425

grummec1430

aggrudge1440

hoinec1440

mutterc1450

grudge1461

channerc1480

grunch1487

repine1529

storm?1553

expostulate1561

grumblea1586

gruntle1591

chunter1599

swagger1599

maunder1622

orp1634

objurgate1642

pitter1672

yelp1706

yammer1794

natter1804

murgeon1808

groan1816

squawk1875

jower1879

grouse1887

beef1888

to whip the cat1892

holler1904

yip1907

peeve1912

grouch1916

nark1916

to sound off1918

create1919

moana1922

crib1925

tick1925

bitch1930

gripe1932

bind1942

drip1942

kvetchc1950

to rag on1979

wrinch2011

1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 203 These olde men..ayein the king Among hem self compleignen ofte.

1570 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (Camden Soc.) 1 I..have bene alwais very loth to complain.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. vii. sig. S3 And hauing not complaine, and hauing it vpbrayd.

1611 Bible (King James) Num. xi. 1 When the people complained, it displeased the Lord.

1771 O. Goldsmith Hist. Eng. II. 31 The people complained at those extortions they could not resist.

1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. iii. 192 To complain against the justice of the [consistory] courts being to complain against the Church.

1876 J. H. Newman Hist. Sketches II. ii. ii. 238 He had that noble spirit which complains as little as possible.

†b. Const. on, upon. (Also with indirect passive.) Obsolete exc. poetic. In early use not very far from sense 1: cf. ‘to cry out upon’.

ΚΠ

c1430 J. Lydgate Horse, Goose & Sheep 151 He cryethe affter peasse.. compleynnythe vppon þe werres sore.

a1500 Nut-brown Maid i These men..On women do complayne.

1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 72 My deare friends, I come to complaine vpon you, but to your selues.

1612 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes Don-Quixote: Pt. 1 i. i I do justly complain on your Beauty.

1659 T. Burton Diary (1828) IV. 356 They took them away upon prudentials now so much complained on.

a1850 D. G. Rossetti Dante & Circle (1874) i. 169 Ye complain on God and on my sway.

c. Const. of or (in modern use) about. Now the leading use.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > discontent or dissatisfaction > state of complaining > complain about [verb (transitive)]

plainc1400

muse1402

plaintc1425

grudgec1450

complain1509

murmell1546

to cry out of1548

repine1577

complain1584

remonstrate1625

churl1627

bemurmur1837

holler1936

1584 H. Llwyd & D. Powel Hist. Cambria 347 All men that Complaine of any of his men.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xviii. 90 He that complaineth of injury from his Soveraigne.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 127. ¶3 The Heat they complain of cannot be in the Weather.

1751 T. Gray Elegy iii. 5 The mopeing owl does to the moon complain Of such, as..Molest her ancient solitary reign.

1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) II. viii. 255 The government could persuade themselves that evils no longer complained of had ceased to exist.

1916 E. O'Neill Bound East for Cardiff in Provincetown Plays 1st Ser. 12 'Tis a hell av a thing for us to be complainin' about our guts, and a sick man maybe dyin' listenin' to us.

1949 E. Waugh Let. 10 Oct. (1980) 311 Everyone I met complained bitterly about the injustice of having to earn a living and the peculiar beastliness of his own profession.

1954 G. Vidal Messiah ix. ii. 180 Though he complained continually about his captivity..he was cheerful enough.

1979 C. P. Snow Coat of Varnish ii. xx. 158 They were complaining, with hearty rancour, about being needed to stay on duty on a Saturday night.

1986 Guardian 11 Nov. 12/5 The prisoners have complained about restrictions on visits, excessive searches and, above all, brutality.

d. with clause. (Also with impersonal passive.)

ΚΠ

1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 227 When it was complained unto Augustus, that one Erotes, etc.

a1600 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie viii. vii. §6 Of the people S. Jerome complaineth that their judgements..went much awry.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 550 Others..complain that Fate Free Vertue should enthrall to Force or Chance.

1710 J. Swift Lett. (1767) III. 43 Mr. Harley complained he could keep nothing from me.

1728 R. North Mem. Musick (1846) 51 It is complained that the Emperor spent his time..with hearing of Organs.

1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 52 Ctesippus complained that we were talking in secret.

†7. transitive. = complain of, 6c. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > discontent or dissatisfaction > state of complaining > complain about [verb (transitive)]

plainc1400

muse1402

plaintc1425

grudgec1450

complain1509

murmell1546

to cry out of1548

repine1577

complain1584

remonstrate1625

churl1627

bemurmur1837

holler1936

1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. cxxvi^v Suche oft complayne the charge of pouerte.

1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1822) iii. 243 Thre legatis..complening the injuris done be the Equis.

1594 C. Marlowe & T. Nashe Dido 1 Our ships..That do complain the wounds of thousand waves.

a. intransitive (originally reflexive). spec. To make a formal statement of a grievance to or before a competent authority; to lodge a complaint, bring a charge. Const. as in 6.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > accusation, charge > accuse [verb (reflexive)]

wrayc725

complainc1449

reproach1643

recriminate1812

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > accusation, charge > accuse [verb (intransitive)] > formally

complainc1449

c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 395 The lay peple ouȝten compleyne hem to the iugis of the preestis and clerkis so trespacing.

1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes iv. v. 242 He dide his deuoire to complayne bifore theire iustyce.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) iii. 89 I complayne me to you of the foure sonnes of Aymon.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. vii. (heading) Howe the quene of Ingland went and complayned her to the kyng of Fraunce..of Syr Hewe Spencer.

1598 R. Grenewey tr. Tacitus Annales iii. vi. 73 Domitius Corbulo..complained before the Lords of the Senat, on L. Sulla..that [etc.].

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. at Complain One man threatening to complain of another, is saying that he will report misconduct to the officer in charge of the quarter-deck.

b. to complain of, at Eton, to report (a boy) to the Headmaster as deserving punishment.

ΚΠ

1870 ‘Etonian’ Recoll. Eton ii. iv. 207 Every dame's house is supposed to be under the charge of some master, who is intended to keep an eye upon the boys and set such punishments as are necessary, or complain of those who deserve it.

1908 Westm. Gaz. 30 June 12/1 His tutor intended ‘to complain of us’. This is the euphonious term for sending in names to the headmaster to be flogged.

a1909 A. C. Swinburne Herbert Winwood in Lesbia Brandon (1952) 189 Tell my father I have not been complained of again this half.

III. To make a sound of complaint.

a. transferred and figurative. To emit a mournful sound.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > mournful or plaintive sound > mournful or plaintive [verb (intransitive)]

knella1400

plaina1425

mourna1522

groan1602

complain1694

moan1805

dirge1907

1694 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in Ann. Misc. 36 The shrill Grashoppers on Shrubs complain.

1713 A. Pope Ode Musick 1 In a sadly-pleasing Strain Let the warbling Lute complain.

1832 Ld. Tennyson Lady of Shalott iv, in Poems (new ed.) 16 The broad stream in his banks complaining.

b. Nautical. To groan or creak from over-straining.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > shrill quality > sound shrill [verb (intransitive)] > creak

chirkc1386

chark1393

fratchc1440

geig1513

jarg1513

graislea1522

cry?1523

screak1565

creak1582

crake1656

complain1722

to cry out1781

1722 London Gaz. No. 6. 118/7 The Storm made the..Sloop complain so much.

1784 J. King Cook's Voy. Pacific III. vi. xi. 481 The rudder of the Resolution having been, for some time, complaining, and..reported to be in a dangerous state.

1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. (1856) xxix. 253 The nipping caused our timbers to complain sadly.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Complain, the creaking of masts, or timbers, when over-pressed.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	complain
释义	complainn. Brit. /kəmˈpleɪn/, U.S. /kəmˈpleɪn/ Etymology: < complain v. Obsolete exc. poetic. Complaining, complaint. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > [noun] carea1000 sorrowingOE meaninga1200 moan?c1225 mourning?c1225 plaint?c1225 ruthc1225 weimerc1230 mean?c1250 sorrow?c1250 dolec1290 plainingc1300 woec1300 dolourc1320 mourna1350 waymentingc1350 penancec1380 complaintc1384 lamentationc1384 complainingc1385 moaninga1400 waiminga1400 waymenta1400 waymentationc1400 dillc1420 merourec1429 plainc1475 regratec1480 complainc1485 regretc1500 lamenting1513 doleance1524 deploration1533 deplorement1593 condolement1602 regreeting1606 imploration1607 pother1638 dolinga1668 moanification1827 dolence1861 the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > [noun] > instance or act of lamenting moan?c1225 mean?c1250 bimena1325 lamentation1382 queryc1400 pinec1440 tragedy1536 lamentc1592 complaint?1606 conclamation1627 quiritation1634 throb1635 pathetic1667 dismals1774 jeremiad1780 complain1820 tangi1836 Jobism1855 wail1867 rune1922 vigil1956 c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) iv. 1124 It is bot in vayn Thus remedilesse to mak compleyn. 1820 J. Keats Lamia i, in Lamia & Other Poems 19 The amorous promise of her lone complain. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). complainv. Brit. /kəmˈpleɪn/, U.S. /kəmˈpleɪn/ Forms: Middle English compleign(e, Middle English–1500s compleyn(e, compleine, Middle English complane, Middle English–1500s complayn(e, 1500s complene, 1500s–1600s complaine, 1500s– complain. Etymology: Middle English compleigne, < French complaign- stem of complaindre (compare present complaigne) to manifest compassion, bewail = Italian compiangere < late Latin complangĕre to bewail, < Latin com- intensive + plangĕre to lament, bewail, originally to strike, beat, beat the breast or head in sign of grief. I. To give expression to sorrow or suffering. †1. a. transitive. To bewail, lament, deplore. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief for [verb (transitive)] sorroweOE meaneOE bemournOE mournOE bemoanc1000 ofthink?c1225 bequeatha1325 moana1325 plain1340 wail1362 bewailc1374 complainc1374 waymenta1400 grievec1400 sorrowa1425 regratec1480 lament1535 deplore1567 dole1567 condole1607 pine1667 rave1810 c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iv. 1142 He longe hadde hire compleyned. c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 474 They mowe wel be biwaylit or compleynit. c1386 G. Chaucer Doctor's T. 239 Ȝeue me leue, fader myn..My deþ for to compleyne a litel space. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin ii. 24 They..complayned here grete losse. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxx. 283 To complayne the dethe of the kyng. 1646 R. Crashaw Musicks Duell in Steps to Temple 107 Whose trembling murmurs..Runs to and fro, complaining his sweet cares. 1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Cock & Fox in Fables 249 Gaufride, who could'st so well in Rhime complain, The Death of Richard with an Arrow slain. †b. To utter in complaint; to compose as a complaint. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief for [verb (transitive)] > utter in lamenting manner complainc1385 weep1602 mourn1607 passion1844 society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > other types of poem > compose other specific type of poem [verb (transitive)] > compose as a complaint complainc1385 c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Lucrece. 1744 Hire wordis that she hath compleynyd. 1595 E. Spenser Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. C3^v She to whom Daphnaida Vpon her neeces death I did complaine. †2. reflexive. [so Old French se complaindre.] To bewail oneself, lament, utter one's lamentations. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief [verb (reflexive)] meana1225 plainc1330 complainc1385 waymentc1450 condole1592 lament1749 c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Ariadne. 1964 Thesyus compleynede hym be nyghte. 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lxv. 95 He..dyd complayne hym self to his wyf. 1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. E3 To all the Host of Heauen I complaine me. View more context for this quotation 1619 W. Sclater Expos. 1 Thess. (1630) 534 The Apostle complaines him heauily of sinne dwelling in him. †3. a. intransitive. To give expression to sorrow; to make moan, lament. Const. to, unto another, for an object. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief [verb (intransitive)] sorroweOE meaneOE careOE mournOE ofthink?c1225 to make sorrow?c1250 to make languorc1300 bemoanc1305 plainc1325 moanc1330 wailc1330 waymentc1350 complainc1374 to make syte?a1400 sweam14.. lamentc1515 bemournc1540 regratec1550 to sing sol-fa, sorrow, woe1573 condole1598 passion1598 deplore1632 ochone1829 rune1832 c1374 G. Chaucer Compl. Mars 136 Compleyneth eke ye lovers alle in fere For her. 1430 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. v That myghtest well complayn & make dole. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) cxvii. 414 When Huon saw this shyppe arryue at the porte he greatly complaynyd for them, and sayd. 1633 P. Fletcher Elisa 123 in Purple Island Remember measure in your griefs complaining. 1647 A. Cowley Mistresse 23 What lover can like me complaine, Who first loved vainely, next in vaine! b. with subordinate clause. ΚΠ c1386 G. Chaucer Wife of Bath's Prol. 758 Oon Latumyus Compleigned unto his felaw Arrius, That, etc. 1509 J. Fisher Mornynge Remembraunce Countesse of Rychemonde (de Worde) sig. Aiii Often she complayned y^t in her youthe she had not gyuen her to y^e vnderstondynge of latyn. 4. a. intransitive (formerly also reflexive). To give sign of physical suffering or pain, to suffer, to be ailing. (Now dialect) Cf. complaint n. 6. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > be painful [verb (intransitive)] > express pain grinOE quetchc1225 singc1386 quinch1511 complain1600 flincha1677 the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > suffer pain [verb (reflexive)] > express pain complain1600 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xxviii. 191 When the horse complaineth himselfe, and his flankes be swoln..by hauing eaten some bad haie. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique vii. lvi. 887 If you see that she complaine her-selfe of sicknes, put into her water pot some sixe chyres of saffron. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 424 The Horse immediatly had the vse of his leg..and went also safe home without complaining thereof euer after. 1654 R. Codrington tr. Justinus Hist. 200 His body became so extreamly tender, that he complained at the touches of his friends. 1739 J. Swift Verses on Death Dr. Swift: Nov. 1731 7 Should some Neighbour feel a Pain Just in the Parts where I complain. 1796 H. Macneill Waes o' War iii. 22 Wounded soldier! if complaining, Sleep nae here and catch your death. 1891 N.E.D. at Complain Mod. Sc. He's always complaining i.e. ailing. b. with a mixture of 2, and associated with 6: to complain of: to let it be known that one is suffering from (any pain, or feeling of illness). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > suffer pain [verb (transitive)] > express pain to complain of1792 plain1863 1792 R. Burns in J. Johnson Scots Musical Museum IV. 327 He's always compleenin frae mornin to e'enin, He hosts and he hirpls the weary day lang. c1850 Arabian Nights (Rtldg.) 594 He..complained of a violent pain that had suddenly seized his head. 1890 W. Wallace Life Schopenhauer 212 Complaining that something was amiss with the beating of his heart. 1891 N.E.D. at Complain Mod. What does the patient complain of? She complains frequently of headaches. II. The expression of suffering passing into that of grievance and blame. †5. reflexive. = 6. Const. of. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > discontent or dissatisfaction > state of complaining > complain [verb (reflexive)] plainc1230 complain1393 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 245 Whereof nature her hath compleigned Unto the god. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin v. 80 That he sholde a-mende alle the fautes wherof thei cowde hem complayne. 1532 T. Elyot Let. 8 Dec. in Bk. named Gouernour (1880) I. Introd. p. lxxxix The infelicitie that I complayne me of. 1631 E. Pellham Gods Power 23 Leisure..to complaine our selves of our..miserable conditions. 6. intransitive. To give expression to feelings of ill-usage, dissatisfaction, or discontent; to murmur, grumble. a. simply, and const. against (at). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > discontent or dissatisfaction > state of complaining > complain [verb (intransitive)] murkeOE misspeakOE yomer971 chidea1000 murkenOE grutch?c1225 mean?a1300 hum13.. plainta1325 gruntc1325 plainc1325 musea1382 murmurc1390 complain1393 contrary1393 flitec1400 pinea1425 grummec1430 aggrudge1440 hoinec1440 mutterc1450 grudge1461 channerc1480 grunch1487 repine1529 storm?1553 expostulate1561 grumblea1586 gruntle1591 chunter1599 swagger1599 maunder1622 orp1634 objurgate1642 pitter1672 yelp1706 yammer1794 natter1804 murgeon1808 groan1816 squawk1875 jower1879 grouse1887 beef1888 to whip the cat1892 holler1904 yip1907 peeve1912 grouch1916 nark1916 to sound off1918 create1919 moana1922 crib1925 tick1925 bitch1930 gripe1932 bind1942 drip1942 kvetchc1950 to rag on1979 wrinch2011 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 203 These olde men..ayein the king Among hem self compleignen ofte. 1570 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (Camden Soc.) 1 I..have bene alwais very loth to complain. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. vii. sig. S3 And hauing not complaine, and hauing it vpbrayd. 1611 Bible (King James) Num. xi. 1 When the people complained, it displeased the Lord. View more context for this quotation 1771 O. Goldsmith Hist. Eng. II. 31 The people complained at those extortions they could not resist. 1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. iii. 192 To complain against the justice of the [consistory] courts being to complain against the Church. 1876 J. H. Newman Hist. Sketches II. ii. ii. 238 He had that noble spirit which complains as little as possible. †b. Const. on, upon. (Also with indirect passive.) Obsolete exc. poetic. In early use not very far from sense 1: cf. ‘to cry out upon’. ΚΠ c1430 J. Lydgate Horse, Goose & Sheep 151 He cryethe affter peasse.. compleynnythe vppon þe werres sore. a1500 Nut-brown Maid i These men..On women do complayne. 1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 72 My deare friends, I come to complaine vpon you, but to your selues. 1612 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes Don-Quixote: Pt. 1 i. i I do justly complain on your Beauty. 1659 T. Burton Diary (1828) IV. 356 They took them away upon prudentials now so much complained on. a1850 D. G. Rossetti Dante & Circle (1874) i. 169 Ye complain on God and on my sway. c. Const. of or (in modern use) about. Now the leading use. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > discontent or dissatisfaction > state of complaining > complain about [verb (transitive)] plainc1400 muse1402 plaintc1425 grudgec1450 complain1509 murmell1546 to cry out of1548 repine1577 complain1584 remonstrate1625 churl1627 bemurmur1837 holler1936 1584 H. Llwyd & D. Powel Hist. Cambria 347 All men that Complaine of any of his men. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xviii. 90 He that complaineth of injury from his Soveraigne. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 127. ¶3 The Heat they complain of cannot be in the Weather. 1751 T. Gray Elegy iii. 5 The mopeing owl does to the moon complain Of such, as..Molest her ancient solitary reign. 1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) II. viii. 255 The government could persuade themselves that evils no longer complained of had ceased to exist. 1916 E. O'Neill Bound East for Cardiff in Provincetown Plays 1st Ser. 12 'Tis a hell av a thing for us to be complainin' about our guts, and a sick man maybe dyin' listenin' to us. 1949 E. Waugh Let. 10 Oct. (1980) 311 Everyone I met complained bitterly about the injustice of having to earn a living and the peculiar beastliness of his own profession. 1954 G. Vidal Messiah ix. ii. 180 Though he complained continually about his captivity..he was cheerful enough. 1979 C. P. Snow Coat of Varnish ii. xx. 158 They were complaining, with hearty rancour, about being needed to stay on duty on a Saturday night. 1986 Guardian 11 Nov. 12/5 The prisoners have complained about restrictions on visits, excessive searches and, above all, brutality. d. with clause. (Also with impersonal passive.) ΚΠ 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 227 When it was complained unto Augustus, that one Erotes, etc. a1600 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie viii. vii. §6 Of the people S. Jerome complaineth that their judgements..went much awry. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 550 Others..complain that Fate Free Vertue should enthrall to Force or Chance. View more context for this quotation 1710 J. Swift Lett. (1767) III. 43 Mr. Harley complained he could keep nothing from me. 1728 R. North Mem. Musick (1846) 51 It is complained that the Emperor spent his time..with hearing of Organs. 1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 52 Ctesippus complained that we were talking in secret. †7. transitive. = complain of, 6c. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > discontent or dissatisfaction > state of complaining > complain about [verb (transitive)] plainc1400 muse1402 plaintc1425 grudgec1450 complain1509 murmell1546 to cry out of1548 repine1577 complain1584 remonstrate1625 churl1627 bemurmur1837 holler1936 1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. cxxvi^v Suche oft complayne the charge of pouerte. 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1822) iii. 243 Thre legatis..complening the injuris done be the Equis. 1594 C. Marlowe & T. Nashe Dido 1 Our ships..That do complain the wounds of thousand waves. 8. a. intransitive (originally reflexive). spec. To make a formal statement of a grievance to or before a competent authority; to lodge a complaint, bring a charge. Const. as in 6. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > accusation, charge > accuse [verb (reflexive)] wrayc725 complainc1449 reproach1643 recriminate1812 the mind > attention and judgement > testing > accusation, charge > accuse [verb (intransitive)] > formally complainc1449 c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 395 The lay peple ouȝten compleyne hem to the iugis of the preestis and clerkis so trespacing. 1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes iv. v. 242 He dide his deuoire to complayne bifore theire iustyce. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) iii. 89 I complayne me to you of the foure sonnes of Aymon. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. vii. (heading) Howe the quene of Ingland went and complayned her to the kyng of Fraunce..of Syr Hewe Spencer. 1598 R. Grenewey tr. Tacitus Annales iii. vi. 73 Domitius Corbulo..complained before the Lords of the Senat, on L. Sulla..that [etc.]. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. at Complain One man threatening to complain of another, is saying that he will report misconduct to the officer in charge of the quarter-deck. b. to complain of, at Eton, to report (a boy) to the Headmaster as deserving punishment. ΚΠ 1870 ‘Etonian’ Recoll. Eton ii. iv. 207 Every dame's house is supposed to be under the charge of some master, who is intended to keep an eye upon the boys and set such punishments as are necessary, or complain of those who deserve it. 1908 Westm. Gaz. 30 June 12/1 His tutor intended ‘to complain of us’. This is the euphonious term for sending in names to the headmaster to be flogged. a1909 A. C. Swinburne Herbert Winwood in Lesbia Brandon (1952) 189 Tell my father I have not been complained of again this half. III. To make a sound of complaint. 9. a. transferred and figurative. To emit a mournful sound. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > mournful or plaintive sound > mournful or plaintive [verb (intransitive)] knella1400 plaina1425 mourna1522 groan1602 complain1694 moan1805 dirge1907 1694 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in Ann. Misc. 36 The shrill Grashoppers on Shrubs complain. 1713 A. Pope Ode Musick 1 In a sadly-pleasing Strain Let the warbling Lute complain. 1832 Ld. Tennyson Lady of Shalott iv, in Poems (new ed.) 16 The broad stream in his banks complaining. b. Nautical. To groan or creak from over-straining. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > shrill quality > sound shrill [verb (intransitive)] > creak chirkc1386 chark1393 fratchc1440 geig1513 jarg1513 graislea1522 cry?1523 screak1565 creak1582 crake1656 complain1722 to cry out1781 1722 London Gaz. No. 6. 118/7 The Storm made the..Sloop complain so much. 1784 J. King Cook's Voy. Pacific III. vi. xi. 481 The rudder of the Resolution having been, for some time, complaining, and..reported to be in a dangerous state. 1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. (1856) xxix. 253 The nipping caused our timbers to complain sadly. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Complain, the creaking of masts, or timbers, when over-pressed. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1485v.c1374
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complainn.

complainv.