alienistn.

Brit.

/ˈeɪlɪənɪst/, U.S.

/ˈeɪliənəst/,

/ˈeɪljənəst/

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French aliéniste.

Etymology: < French aliéniste (1845 or earlier), use as noun of aliéniste (adjective) of or relating to the insane (especially in médecin aliéniste psychiatrist (1835 or earlier)) < alién- (in aliéné insane person (1812), use as noun of past participle of aliéner (reflexive) to become insane: see alien v.) + -iste -ist suffix. Compare earlier alienation n. 2 and alienated adj. 2.

Now historical.

A psychiatrist; (in later use chiefly) spec. one who specializes in acting as an expert in court to assess whether a defendant is sane and can therefore be held criminally responsible for his or her crime. Cf. alienism n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > psychiatry > [noun] > psychiatrist

mad-doctor1697

head-doctor1850

mind-curer1856

psychiater1857

alienist1864

psychopath1864

psychiatrist1869

mind-curist1889

trick-cyclist1897

soul doctor1922

loony-doctor1925

witch doctor1930

psych1946

headshrinker1950

wig-picker1961

shrink1966

shrinker1967

1854 Asylum Jrnl. No. 6. 91/2 It is the characteristic of proper asylums for the insane, that by their social and home-like arrangements they alone can realize that modern system which the French aliénists have called the ‘general moral treatment’, and which I would suggest to call the ‘medico-moral treatment of the insane’.]

1864 Social Sci. Rev. 1 447 A distinguished alienist, and Member of the Belgian Lunacy Commission.

1872 G. L. Harrison Chapters on Social Sci. (1877) 254 If the two ‘reputable’ physicians were in good repute as alienists, there would be reason in submitting to their judgement the liberty of a citizen.

1881 H. Morselli in Nature 29 Dec. 193/2 All alienists are agreed as to the greater frequency of mental alienation in the summer season.

1941 Sun (Baltimore) 4 Sept. 1/7 Three alienists have been named in Paris to judge the sanity of Paul Collette, the young Frenchman who wounded Pierre Laval.

1966 A. MacLean When Eight Bells Toll viii. 174 If that was what he thought, he was in urgent need of an alienist.

1997 R. Porter Greatest Benefit to Mankind xvi. 502 Progressive alienists pinned therapeutic faith on the architecture and atmosphere of their asylums.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	alienist
释义	alienistn. Brit. /ˈeɪlɪənɪst/, U.S. /ˈeɪliənəst/, /ˈeɪljənəst/ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French aliéniste. Etymology: < French aliéniste (1845 or earlier), use as noun of aliéniste (adjective) of or relating to the insane (especially in médecin aliéniste psychiatrist (1835 or earlier)) < alién- (in aliéné insane person (1812), use as noun of past participle of aliéner (reflexive) to become insane: see alien v.) + -iste -ist suffix. Compare earlier alienation n. 2 and alienated adj. 2. Now historical. A psychiatrist; (in later use chiefly) spec. one who specializes in acting as an expert in court to assess whether a defendant is sane and can therefore be held criminally responsible for his or her crime. Cf. alienism n. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > psychiatry > [noun] > psychiatrist mad-doctor1697 head-doctor1850 mind-curer1856 psychiater1857 alienist1864 psychopath1864 psychiatrist1869 mind-curist1889 trick-cyclist1897 soul doctor1922 loony-doctor1925 witch doctor1930 psych1946 headshrinker1950 wig-picker1961 shrink1966 shrinker1967 1854 Asylum Jrnl. No. 6. 91/2 It is the characteristic of proper asylums for the insane, that by their social and home-like arrangements they alone can realize that modern system which the French aliénists have called the ‘general moral treatment’, and which I would suggest to call the ‘medico-moral treatment of the insane’.] 1864 Social Sci. Rev. 1 447 A distinguished alienist, and Member of the Belgian Lunacy Commission. 1872 G. L. Harrison Chapters on Social Sci. (1877) 254 If the two ‘reputable’ physicians were in good repute as alienists, there would be reason in submitting to their judgement the liberty of a citizen. 1881 H. Morselli in Nature 29 Dec. 193/2 All alienists are agreed as to the greater frequency of mental alienation in the summer season. 1941 Sun (Baltimore) 4 Sept. 1/7 Three alienists have been named in Paris to judge the sanity of Paul Collette, the young Frenchman who wounded Pierre Laval. 1966 A. MacLean When Eight Bells Toll viii. 174 If that was what he thought, he was in urgent need of an alienist. 1997 R. Porter Greatest Benefit to Mankind xvi. 502 Progressive alienists pinned therapeutic faith on the architecture and atmosphere of their asylums. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1864
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