† courtesancourtezann.¹

Forms: Also Middle English courtezan, courtezane, courtesane, 1500s curtisan, 1600s courtisan.

Etymology: < French courtisan, < Italian cortigiano , in Florio cortegiano a courtier, < corte court n.¹ Italian cortigiano is primarily adjective, apparently an extension of cortese (cortesi-ano ) in its etymological sense (see courteous adj.): compare Parma, Parmese, Parmigiano, Parmesan.

Obsolete.

One attached to the court of a prince:

a. in 15–16th centuries commonly used for a member of the papal Curia. (Cf. Boccaccio Decameron, ‘le maniere del papa…e di tutti i cortigiani’.)

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > papal court (Curia) > [noun] > member of

courtesan1426

courticianc1550

Chaplain of the Pope1638

curialist1847

1426 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 6 On Maister Robert Sutton, a courtezane of þe court of Rome.

1426 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 6 Maister John Blodwelle..a suffisant courtezan of þe seyd court.

a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 168 With fraude of þe courtesanes, whech were comensalis with þe pope, þe lordis were illuded.

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 226/1 They wrought & brought to passe, to bee lawfull for a fewe curtisans & cardinals..to chuse what Pope they list.

b. transferred.

ΚΠ

1669 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 4 986 Their Priests, and Courtisans, that is, the Learn'd among them [in Japan], which bear the Offices of the Court.

2. The court language (of Italy).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > postulated Italo-Celtic > Romance > Italian > varieties of

courtesan1549

Roman1561

Tuscan1568

Lombard1598

Neapolitan1598

Venetian1598

Lucchese1642

Milanese1642

Piedmontese1642

Romanesco1792

Sicilian1818

Ligurian1835

Bolognese1839

Corsican1855

Florentine1855

Veronese1872

Emilian1878

Romanaccio1963

Torinese1975

1549 W. Thomas Hist. Italie f. 3^v Consideryng what a noumbre of diuersitees they haue in theyr tounge..it is a merualle, that in maner all gentilmen dooe speake the courtisane.

1603 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Hist. Descr. Worlde 104 To be descerned from the vulgar, they all in generall speake the courtisan.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

courtesann.²

/ˈkɔːtɪzan/

/ˈkəːtɪzan/

Forms: 1500s ( cortegian), curtisaine, cortisan, 1500s–1600s curtisan, curtizan, 1600s curtesan, curtezan(e, courtisan(e, 1500s– courtesan, 1600s– courtezan.

Etymology: < French courtisane, < Italian cortigiana , in Florio cortegiana ‘a curtezane, a strumpet’, originally woman attached to the court, feminine of cortigiano . In quotation 1565 at main sense directly < Italian. Formerly always pronounced /kɜː-/, which, c1893, was still said by many, though /kɔə-/ was the growing usage; the latter is now standard.

A court-mistress; a woman of the town, a prostitute. (A somewhat euphemistic appellation: cf. quots. 1607, 1635.)

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > a prostitute > courtesan

plover1304

pamphelet?a1513

nun?1518

courtesan1549

musk cat?1567

stallion?1578

maiden of joy1585

miniard1598

quail1609

guinea-hena1616

light horsea1627

lady of pleasure1652

lorette1865

oiran1871

1549 W. Thomas Hist. Italie f. 84^v The rest of the brethern dooe kepe Courtisanes.

1565 J. Jewel Replie Hardinges Answeare xvi. 554 M. Hardinge..hath beene in Rome, and hath seene Bishoppes, & Cardinalles men of warre..Open Stewes so deerely rented: so many thousande Cortegianes so wel regarded.

1576 A. Fleming tr. G. Macropedius in Panoplie Epist. 369 His misdemeanours..with courtesans and common strumpets.

1607 E. Sharpham Fleire D ij b Your whore is for euery rascall, but your Curtizan is for your Courtier.

1635 E. Pagitt Christianogr. (1646) i. 147 The name Courtezan (being the most honest synonymy that is given to a Whore) had his originall from the Court of Rome.

1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. vi. i. sig. Mm7^v Accus'd to have dress'd her like a Curtizan.

1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Curtezan, a gentile fine Miss, or Quality Whore.

1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. xlv. 83 The lewd leer of a courtezan.

1854 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity I. iii. iv. 329 She had ministered to the licentious pleasures of the populace as a courtezan.

1868 J. H. Blunt Reformation Church of Eng. I. 160 The ambitious courtesan who now ruled the king.

figurative.1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. G4 That knowledge may not bee as a Curtezan for pleasure..but as a Spouse, for generation. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. (1682) i. 18 For fear of Excommunication from that Anti-christian Curtezan.

Derivatives

ˈcourtesan v. to make or treat as a courtesan.Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot i. iii. 13 The Ladies..curtesied him, but he curtizaned not them.

ˈcourtesanism n.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > condition of being a prostitute > position or condition of courtesan

courtesanism1840

courtesanship1840

lorettism1862

1840 (title) Woman, Physiologically considered as to Mind, Morals, Marriage..Concubinage, Courtezanism, Infidelity, Divorce, etc.

ˈcourtesanship n. the practice and position of a courtesan.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > condition of being a prostitute > position or condition of courtesan

courtesanism1840

courtesanship1840

lorettism1862

1840 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 7 562 She amassed no wealth by her courtezanship.

1880 J. W. Ebsworth in Bagf. Ballads, Amanda Group 534* We might have shown the Courtezanship, not only of Stuart times, but also during the reign of the Virgin Queen.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	courtesan
释义	† courtesancourtezann.¹ Forms: Also Middle English courtezan, courtezane, courtesane, 1500s curtisan, 1600s courtisan. Etymology: < French courtisan, < Italian cortigiano , in Florio cortegiano a courtier, < corte court n.¹ Italian cortigiano is primarily adjective, apparently an extension of cortese (cortesi-ano ) in its etymological sense (see courteous adj.): compare Parma, Parmese, Parmigiano, Parmesan. Obsolete. One attached to the court of a prince: 1. a. in 15–16th centuries commonly used for a member of the papal Curia. (Cf. Boccaccio Decameron, ‘le maniere del papa…e di tutti i cortigiani’.) ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > papal court (Curia) > [noun] > member of courtesan1426 courticianc1550 Chaplain of the Pope1638 curialist1847 1426 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 6 On Maister Robert Sutton, a courtezane of þe court of Rome. 1426 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 6 Maister John Blodwelle..a suffisant courtezan of þe seyd court. a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 168 With fraude of þe courtesanes, whech were comensalis with þe pope, þe lordis were illuded. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 226/1 They wrought & brought to passe, to bee lawfull for a fewe curtisans & cardinals..to chuse what Pope they list. b. transferred. ΚΠ 1669 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 4 986 Their Priests, and Courtisans, that is, the Learn'd among them [in Japan], which bear the Offices of the Court. 2. The court language (of Italy). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > postulated Italo-Celtic > Romance > Italian > varieties of courtesan1549 Roman1561 Tuscan1568 Lombard1598 Neapolitan1598 Venetian1598 Lucchese1642 Milanese1642 Piedmontese1642 Romanesco1792 Sicilian1818 Ligurian1835 Bolognese1839 Corsican1855 Florentine1855 Veronese1872 Emilian1878 Romanaccio1963 Torinese1975 1549 W. Thomas Hist. Italie f. 3^v Consideryng what a noumbre of diuersitees they haue in theyr tounge..it is a merualle, that in maner all gentilmen dooe speake the courtisane. 1603 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Hist. Descr. Worlde 104 To be descerned from the vulgar, they all in generall speake the courtisan. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021). courtesann.² /ˈkɔːtɪzan//ˈkəːtɪzan/ Forms: 1500s ( cortegian), curtisaine, cortisan, 1500s–1600s curtisan, curtizan, 1600s curtesan, curtezan(e, courtisan(e, 1500s– courtesan, 1600s– courtezan. Etymology: < French courtisane, < Italian cortigiana , in Florio cortegiana ‘a curtezane, a strumpet’, originally woman attached to the court, feminine of cortigiano . In quotation 1565 at main sense directly < Italian. Formerly always pronounced /kɜː-/, which, c1893, was still said by many, though /kɔə-/ was the growing usage; the latter is now standard. A court-mistress; a woman of the town, a prostitute. (A somewhat euphemistic appellation: cf. quots. 1607, 1635.) ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > a prostitute > courtesan plover1304 pamphelet?a1513 nun?1518 courtesan1549 musk cat?1567 stallion?1578 maiden of joy1585 miniard1598 quail1609 guinea-hena1616 light horsea1627 lady of pleasure1652 lorette1865 oiran1871 1549 W. Thomas Hist. Italie f. 84^v The rest of the brethern dooe kepe Courtisanes. 1565 J. Jewel Replie Hardinges Answeare xvi. 554 M. Hardinge..hath beene in Rome, and hath seene Bishoppes, & Cardinalles men of warre..Open Stewes so deerely rented: so many thousande Cortegianes so wel regarded. 1576 A. Fleming tr. G. Macropedius in Panoplie Epist. 369 His misdemeanours..with courtesans and common strumpets. 1607 E. Sharpham Fleire D ij b Your whore is for euery rascall, but your Curtizan is for your Courtier. 1635 E. Pagitt Christianogr. (1646) i. 147 The name Courtezan (being the most honest synonymy that is given to a Whore) had his originall from the Court of Rome. 1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. vi. i. sig. Mm7^v Accus'd to have dress'd her like a Curtizan. 1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Curtezan, a gentile fine Miss, or Quality Whore. 1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. xlv. 83 The lewd leer of a courtezan. 1854 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity I. iii. iv. 329 She had ministered to the licentious pleasures of the populace as a courtezan. 1868 J. H. Blunt Reformation Church of Eng. I. 160 The ambitious courtesan who now ruled the king. figurative.1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. G4 That knowledge may not bee as a Curtezan for pleasure..but as a Spouse, for generation. View more context for this quotation1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. (1682) i. 18 For fear of Excommunication from that Anti-christian Curtezan. Derivatives ˈcourtesan v. to make or treat as a courtesan.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot i. iii. 13 The Ladies..curtesied him, but he curtizaned not them. ˈcourtesanism n. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > condition of being a prostitute > position or condition of courtesan courtesanism1840 courtesanship1840 lorettism1862 1840 (title) Woman, Physiologically considered as to Mind, Morals, Marriage..Concubinage, Courtezanism, Infidelity, Divorce, etc. ˈcourtesanship n. the practice and position of a courtesan. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > condition of being a prostitute > position or condition of courtesan courtesanism1840 courtesanship1840 lorettism1862 1840 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 7 562 She amassed no wealth by her courtezanship. 1880 J. W. Ebsworth in Bagf. Ballads, Amanda Group 534* We might have shown the Courtezanship, not only of Stuart times, but also during the reign of the Virgin Queen. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.¹1426n.²1549
随便看	shrewdship shrewdtongued shrewdwit shrewdworking shrewed shrewfaced shrewhead shrewing shrewish shrewisher shrewishest shrewishlier shrewishliest shrewishly shrewishness shrewishnesses shrewlike shrewly shrewmice shrewmole shrewmouse shrewness shrewridden shrewrun shrewrunning

† courtesancourtezann.1

courtesann.2

Derivatives

† courtesancourtezann.¹

courtesann.²