dark mattern.

Brit.

/ˌdɑːk ˈmatə/,

/ˈdɑːk ˌmatə/, U.S.

/ˌdɑrk ˈmædər/,

/ˈdɑrk ˌmædər/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: dark adj., matter n.¹

Etymology: < dark adj. + matter n.¹Compare the following earlier isolated attestation of dark matter in the context of cosmology, although this does not appear to be a fixed collocation:1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) (1859) i. iii. 4 Thenne byhelde I the Centre, euen in the myddes, whiche was wonder derck in it self, and was aboute enuyronned by ordre of lesse derke mater and lesse, so that the ouermost of the erthe was moost clere, and alwey the clerenesse amenussing dounward by verray formal processe, anone to the Centre, that was veray derke, withoute ony parcel of clereness.In sense 2 by analogy with sense 1.

1. Astronomy. Matter which can be inferred to exist from its gravitational effects but is not observable by visible light. In later use chiefly: spec. (in some cosmological theories) any of certain forms of matter which are not directly detectable but whose existence is postulated to account for the dynamical behaviour of galaxies or the universe. Cf. dark energy n.cold dark matter, hot dark matter: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > diffused matter > [noun] > dark matter

dark matter1893

the world > the universe > [noun] > missing mass

missing mass1889

dark matter1932

1893 Nature 17 Aug. 362/2 It is impossible to estimate the gravitational effect of the dark matter in interstellar space.

1932 J. H. Oort in Bull. Astron. Inst. Netherlands 6 283/2 A constant factor which takes the dark matter into account.

1950 Irish Astron. Jrnl. 1 8 At Alpha Scorpii the belt suddenly ceases... The stream has been blacked-out by nearby dark matter.

1989 J. Silk Big Bang (rev. ed.) viii. 154 We expect that most plausible candidates for the dark-matter particles will eventually annihilate.

2016 New Scientist 27 Aug. 31/2 These mini-galaxies are also thought to hold unusually high concentrations of dark matter, making them the ideal place to look for its gamma-ray glow.

2. Molecular Biology. The regions of a genome that have no recognized gene product (RNA or protein), and thus no immediately apparent function. Cf. junk DNA n. at junk n.¹ and adj. Compounds 2.Such regions make up a very large proportion of most genomes, and many have now been shown to play a role in processes such as the regulation of gene expression and the maintenance of chromosome structure. Some have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inherited or acquired diseases.

ΚΠ

2001 Science 16 Feb. 1179 Genes that are rarely active would not be detected in most screens of expressed genes. ‘There could be lots of dark matter, because there is no way to know [how much there is],’ says Eric Lander, head of the Whitehead/MIT Genome Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

2006 Time 9 Oct. 48/1 A subset of the dark matter known as functional noncoding DNA, comprising some 3% to 4% of the genome and mostly embedded within and around the genes, is crucial.

2015 N. Carey Junk DNA Introd. 6 There are many ways to begin shining a light on the dark matter of our genome.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	dark matter
释义	dark mattern. Brit. /ˌdɑːk ˈmatə/, /ˈdɑːk ˌmatə/, U.S. /ˌdɑrk ˈmædər/, /ˈdɑrk ˌmædər/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: dark adj., matter n.¹ Etymology: < dark adj. + matter n.¹Compare the following earlier isolated attestation of dark matter in the context of cosmology, although this does not appear to be a fixed collocation:1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) (1859) i. iii. 4 Thenne byhelde I the Centre, euen in the myddes, whiche was wonder derck in it self, and was aboute enuyronned by ordre of lesse derke mater and lesse, so that the ouermost of the erthe was moost clere, and alwey the clerenesse amenussing dounward by verray formal processe, anone to the Centre, that was veray derke, withoute ony parcel of clereness.In sense 2 by analogy with sense 1. 1. Astronomy. Matter which can be inferred to exist from its gravitational effects but is not observable by visible light. In later use chiefly: spec. (in some cosmological theories) any of certain forms of matter which are not directly detectable but whose existence is postulated to account for the dynamical behaviour of galaxies or the universe. Cf. dark energy n.cold dark matter, hot dark matter: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > diffused matter > [noun] > dark matter dark matter1893 the world > the universe > [noun] > missing mass missing mass1889 dark matter1932 1893 Nature 17 Aug. 362/2 It is impossible to estimate the gravitational effect of the dark matter in interstellar space. 1932 J. H. Oort in Bull. Astron. Inst. Netherlands 6 283/2 A constant factor which takes the dark matter into account. 1950 Irish Astron. Jrnl. 1 8 At Alpha Scorpii the belt suddenly ceases... The stream has been blacked-out by nearby dark matter. 1989 J. Silk Big Bang (rev. ed.) viii. 154 We expect that most plausible candidates for the dark-matter particles will eventually annihilate. 2016 New Scientist 27 Aug. 31/2 These mini-galaxies are also thought to hold unusually high concentrations of dark matter, making them the ideal place to look for its gamma-ray glow. 2. Molecular Biology. The regions of a genome that have no recognized gene product (RNA or protein), and thus no immediately apparent function. Cf. junk DNA n. at junk n.¹ and adj. Compounds 2.Such regions make up a very large proportion of most genomes, and many have now been shown to play a role in processes such as the regulation of gene expression and the maintenance of chromosome structure. Some have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inherited or acquired diseases. ΚΠ 2001 Science 16 Feb. 1179 Genes that are rarely active would not be detected in most screens of expressed genes. ‘There could be lots of dark matter, because there is no way to know [how much there is],’ says Eric Lander, head of the Whitehead/MIT Genome Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts. 2006 Time 9 Oct. 48/1 A subset of the dark matter known as functional noncoding DNA, comprising some 3% to 4% of the genome and mostly embedded within and around the genes, is crucial. 2015 N. Carey Junk DNA Introd. 6 There are many ways to begin shining a light on the dark matter of our genome. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1893
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