alterantadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈɔːlt(ə)rənt/,

/ˈɒlt(ə)rn̩t/, U.S.

/ˈɔlt(ə)rənt/,

/ˈɑlt(ə)rənt/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin alterant-, alterans, alterare.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin alterant-, alterans, present participle of alterare alter v. In use as noun in sense B. 1 after French altérant alterative medicine (1700), use as noun of altérant alterative (1700), use as adjective of present participle of altérer alter v. (the general sense ‘causing alteration or change’ is apparently not paralleled in French before the late 18th cent.). In use as noun in sense B. 2 after post-classical Latin alterant-, alterans (1717 in the passage translated in quot. 1750 at sense B. 2), use as noun of present participle of alterare alter v. Compare earlier alterative n., alterative adj.

A. adj.

1. That causes alteration or change. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > [adjective] > changing or causing alteration

changing1586

alterable1594

alterant1626

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §800 Whether the Body be Alterant, or Altered, evermore a Perception preceedeth Operation.

1879 W. D. Whitney Sanskrit Gram. 57 The vowels that cause the alteration of s to ṣ may be called..‘alterant’ vowels.

1891 Lucifer 15 Mar. 11 Forces being totally dead-locked, as it were, their formal powers..would be lost, for the want of an alterant cause.

1916 Mod. Lang. Rev. 11 451 The derivatives of -ǐculu and -ǐliu were somehow distinguished, and that final λ changed é to í, while medial λ had no such alterant effect.

1955 W. Gaddis Recognitions ii. iv. 451 Otto reached up and drew an alterant stroke on his mustache.

2. Medicine. = alterative adj. 1. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > medicines used to affect nutrition > [adjective]

alterativea1400

altering?c1425

alleotical1657

alterant1678

alleotic1853

1678 J. Browne Compl. Disc. Wounds ix. 46 For derivation and interception of the matter which doth excite this Delirium, alterant and evacuating Clysters are here proper.

1719 J. Quincy Exam. Dr. Woodward’s State of Physick 62 This hypothesis..is drawn out against alterant Medicines, the Practice of which he puts upon the same foot as the common Cheats of Alchymists.

1780 W. Smellie tr. Comte de Buffon Nat. Hist. Gen. & Particular II. v. 88 This spirit communicates to the cords, first, an alterant quality, then a forming quality, and, lastly, a power of augmenting.

1846 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Sci. 12 70 This cathartic, alterant and diaphoretic course was..continued for two or three days.

1999 J. Geyer-Kordesch & A. Hull Shaping Med. Profession iii. 93 For a selection of alterant syrups, see John Quincy.

B. n.

1. Medicine. = alterative n. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > medicines used to affect nutrition > [noun]

alterativea1398

dietic1659

alleotic1721

alterant1722

eutrophic1884

1722 E. Halley in Philos. Trans. 1720–21 (Royal Soc.) 31 75 We frequently meet with..many of this sort mention'd, as Alterants.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Alterants are supposed to exert their power chiefly on the humours of the body.

1800 W. Buchan Domest. Med. (ed. 17) 720 For the venereal disease, four of these pills may be taken twice a day, as an alterant three, and for worms two.

1869 F. P. Porcher Resources Southern Fields & Forests (new ed.) 562 Dose..as a tonic or alterant from ten to twenty grains.

1905 Glasgow Med. Jrnl. 63 456 Its general scope will be indicated by the titles of the eleven chapters it contains, namely, nutritive alterants, blood alterants, [etc.].

2. gen. Anything which causes an alteration or change of state in something.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > [noun] > one who or that which causes change

changera1398

mutator1632

innovator1638

alterator1662

turnabouta1670

alterant1750

1750 tr. C. Leonardus Mirror of Stones 41 Both from the water and the sun, and from extrinsic alterants [L. ab extrinsecis alterantibus].

1827 Trans. Soc. Arts, Manufactures, & Commerce 45 49 The different degrees of fluidity and quality of that liquid are also great alterants of clock-movements.

1957 Sci. News Let. 27 July 62/1 The majority of the chemicals were developed within the last ten years and can be classed as cell poisons, antimetabolites, hormonal alterants and other types.

1992 K. M. Mackenthun & J. I. Bregman Environmental Regulations Handbk. vi. 66 An alterant of water temperature.

3. Dyeing. A substance which is applied to a material to produce a permanent alteration in its colour, esp. after the previous application of a mordant. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1794 E. Bancroft Exper. Res. Philos. Permanent Colours vii. 169 These, therefore, I think it more proper to designate , not as mordants or bases, but as alterants.

1860 U.S. Patent 27,259 2/1 The sulphuric acid acts the part of an alterant, as well as a purifier of the catechu.

1879 G. Gladstone in Cassell's Techn. Educator I. 76 Importance of mordants consists in their so fixing the colours..and that of alterants in their bringing out or changing the tint.

1930 I. W. D. Hackh Chem. Dict. 217/1 Cupric,..C. acetate... Soluble in water, alcohol, or ether and used as an astringent or alterant and as a mordant.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	alterant
释义	alterantadj.n. Brit. /ˈɔːlt(ə)rənt/, /ˈɒlt(ə)rn̩t/, U.S. /ˈɔlt(ə)rənt/, /ˈɑlt(ə)rənt/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin alterant-, alterans, alterare. Etymology: < post-classical Latin alterant-, alterans, present participle of alterare alter v. In use as noun in sense B. 1 after French altérant alterative medicine (1700), use as noun of altérant alterative (1700), use as adjective of present participle of altérer alter v. (the general sense ‘causing alteration or change’ is apparently not paralleled in French before the late 18th cent.). In use as noun in sense B. 2 after post-classical Latin alterant-, alterans (1717 in the passage translated in quot. 1750 at sense B. 2), use as noun of present participle of alterare alter v. Compare earlier alterative n., alterative adj. A. adj. 1. That causes alteration or change. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > [adjective] > changing or causing alteration changing1586 alterable1594 alterant1626 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §800 Whether the Body be Alterant, or Altered, evermore a Perception preceedeth Operation. 1879 W. D. Whitney Sanskrit Gram. 57 The vowels that cause the alteration of s to ṣ may be called..‘alterant’ vowels. 1891 Lucifer 15 Mar. 11 Forces being totally dead-locked, as it were, their formal powers..would be lost, for the want of an alterant cause. 1916 Mod. Lang. Rev. 11 451 The derivatives of -ǐculu and -ǐliu were somehow distinguished, and that final λ changed é to í, while medial λ had no such alterant effect. 1955 W. Gaddis Recognitions ii. iv. 451 Otto reached up and drew an alterant stroke on his mustache. 2. Medicine. = alterative adj. 1. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > medicines used to affect nutrition > [adjective] alterativea1400 altering?c1425 alleotical1657 alterant1678 alleotic1853 1678 J. Browne Compl. Disc. Wounds ix. 46 For derivation and interception of the matter which doth excite this Delirium, alterant and evacuating Clysters are here proper. 1719 J. Quincy Exam. Dr. Woodward’s State of Physick 62 This hypothesis..is drawn out against alterant Medicines, the Practice of which he puts upon the same foot as the common Cheats of Alchymists. 1780 W. Smellie tr. Comte de Buffon Nat. Hist. Gen. & Particular II. v. 88 This spirit communicates to the cords, first, an alterant quality, then a forming quality, and, lastly, a power of augmenting. 1846 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Sci. 12 70 This cathartic, alterant and diaphoretic course was..continued for two or three days. 1999 J. Geyer-Kordesch & A. Hull Shaping Med. Profession iii. 93 For a selection of alterant syrups, see John Quincy. B. n. 1. Medicine. = alterative n. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > medicines used to affect nutrition > [noun] alterativea1398 dietic1659 alleotic1721 alterant1722 eutrophic1884 1722 E. Halley in Philos. Trans. 1720–21 (Royal Soc.) 31 75 We frequently meet with..many of this sort mention'd, as Alterants. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Alterants are supposed to exert their power chiefly on the humours of the body. 1800 W. Buchan Domest. Med. (ed. 17) 720 For the venereal disease, four of these pills may be taken twice a day, as an alterant three, and for worms two. 1869 F. P. Porcher Resources Southern Fields & Forests (new ed.) 562 Dose..as a tonic or alterant from ten to twenty grains. 1905 Glasgow Med. Jrnl. 63 456 Its general scope will be indicated by the titles of the eleven chapters it contains, namely, nutritive alterants, blood alterants, [etc.]. 2. gen. Anything which causes an alteration or change of state in something. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > [noun] > one who or that which causes change changera1398 mutator1632 innovator1638 alterator1662 turnabouta1670 alterant1750 1750 tr. C. Leonardus Mirror of Stones 41 Both from the water and the sun, and from extrinsic alterants [L. ab extrinsecis alterantibus]. 1827 Trans. Soc. Arts, Manufactures, & Commerce 45 49 The different degrees of fluidity and quality of that liquid are also great alterants of clock-movements. 1957 Sci. News Let. 27 July 62/1 The majority of the chemicals were developed within the last ten years and can be classed as cell poisons, antimetabolites, hormonal alterants and other types. 1992 K. M. Mackenthun & J. I. Bregman Environmental Regulations Handbk. vi. 66 An alterant of water temperature. 3. Dyeing. A substance which is applied to a material to produce a permanent alteration in its colour, esp. after the previous application of a mordant. Now rare. ΚΠ 1794 E. Bancroft Exper. Res. Philos. Permanent Colours vii. 169 These, therefore, I think it more proper to designate , not as mordants or bases, but as alterants. 1860 U.S. Patent 27,259 2/1 The sulphuric acid acts the part of an alterant, as well as a purifier of the catechu. 1879 G. Gladstone in Cassell's Techn. Educator I. 76 Importance of mordants consists in their so fixing the colours..and that of alterants in their bringing out or changing the tint. 1930 I. W. D. Hackh Chem. Dict. 217/1 Cupric,..C. acetate... Soluble in water, alcohol, or ether and used as an astringent or alterant and as a mordant. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.n.1626
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