-somesuffix¹

Primary stress is retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element and the vowel in this suffix may be reduced accordingly.

Representing Old English -sum, = Old Frisian -sum, related by ablaut to Old Saxon and Old High German -sam (German -sam, Dutch -zaam), Old Norse -samr (Swedish -sam, Danish -som), Gothic -sams, used in Old English to form adjectives from nouns and adjectives, as friðsum peaceful, genyhtsum abundant, ánsum whole, langsum lasting, rarely from verbs, as hýrsum, héarsum obedient. A few of the Old English formations survived in early Middle English, but only two or three are now in use, as longsome, lovesome, winsome. In Middle English a number of new examples appear, some of which soon became obsolete, as beisome, folȝsome, friendsome, lustsome, wlatsome, while others (chiefly dating from the 14th century) have remained current, as cumbersome, fulsome, gamesome, gladsome, handsome, lightsome, loathsome, noisome, wholesome. The early Middle English buhsum, buxum is now represented by buxom, in which the suffix is disguised. In the 16th century appear awesome, brightsome, darksome, healthsome, heartsome, quarrelsome, and the unusual formation timorsome. Of later date are adventuresome, bothersome, fearsome, frightsome, lonesome, plaguesome, etc., and various nonce-formations as clipsome, cuddlesome, dabblesome, divertsome, some of which have a passive, others an active, sense.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

-somesuffix²

Primary stress is retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element and the vowel in this suffix may be reduced accordingly.

Representing Old English sum after numerals in the genitive plural: see some pron. 3. In Middle English the inflection disappeared, and the pronoun was finally treated as a suffix to the numeral, chiefly with the simple numbers from two to ten; for the history of these see twosome n. and adj., threesome n. and adj., etc. Other examples are rare, and the some may be written as a separate word. In Old Saxon and Old Frisian sum was similarly used with the gen. plural, as Old Saxon fahora sum (one of a few), Old Frisian twira-, thrira-, fiuwerasum, etc.; the latter are still represented by West Frisian tware-, trijere-, fjouweresom, etc.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5233 Quen þai war gedir al to-gedir, Sex and sexti sum o liues þai war.

c1400 Brut 236 And also he commandede..þat þai shulde bene put in tuenty~some and in hundredsome.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ix. l. 568 Off Scottis men thai semblyt hastely, Ix hundyr-sum off worthi chewalry.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

-somesuffix³

Later variant of -sum, occurring in a few words, as whatsome pron., wheresome adv. and conj., whosome pron. Cf. somever adv.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2020).

-somecomb. form

Primary stress is retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element but the vowel in this suffix is never reduced.

Etymology: < Greek σῶμα body.

(a) used with this sense, as in ecto- comb. form, trophosome n. at tropho- comb. form 1; (b) used to form words denoting an intracellular particle, as in acrosome n., chromosome n., lysosome n.; (c) used to representing chromosome, as in disome n., monosome n. 2.

ΚΠ

1921 A. F. Blakeslee in Amer. Naturalist 55 259 The following terms are suggested to designate sets with numbers of chromosomes from 1 to 12: monosome, disome, trisome, tetrasome, pentasome, hexasome, heptasome, oktasome, enneasome, dekasome, hendekasome, dodekasome.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online September 2020).

suffix¹

suffix²a1400

suffix³

comb. form1921

单词	-some
释义	-somesuffix¹ Primary stress is retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element and the vowel in this suffix may be reduced accordingly. Representing Old English -sum, = Old Frisian -sum, related by ablaut to Old Saxon and Old High German -sam (German -sam, Dutch -zaam), Old Norse -samr (Swedish -sam, Danish -som), Gothic -sams, used in Old English to form adjectives from nouns and adjectives, as friðsum peaceful, genyhtsum abundant, ánsum whole, langsum lasting, rarely from verbs, as hýrsum, héarsum obedient. A few of the Old English formations survived in early Middle English, but only two or three are now in use, as longsome, lovesome, winsome. In Middle English a number of new examples appear, some of which soon became obsolete, as beisome, folȝsome, friendsome, lustsome, wlatsome, while others (chiefly dating from the 14th century) have remained current, as cumbersome, fulsome, gamesome, gladsome, handsome, lightsome, loathsome, noisome, wholesome. The early Middle English buhsum, buxum is now represented by buxom, in which the suffix is disguised. In the 16th century appear awesome, brightsome, darksome, healthsome, heartsome, quarrelsome, and the unusual formation timorsome. Of later date are adventuresome, bothersome, fearsome, frightsome, lonesome, plaguesome, etc., and various nonce-formations as clipsome, cuddlesome, dabblesome, divertsome, some of which have a passive, others an active, sense. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2019). -somesuffix² Primary stress is retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element and the vowel in this suffix may be reduced accordingly. Representing Old English sum after numerals in the genitive plural: see some pron. 3. In Middle English the inflection disappeared, and the pronoun was finally treated as a suffix to the numeral, chiefly with the simple numbers from two to ten; for the history of these see twosome n. and adj., threesome n. and adj., etc. Other examples are rare, and the some may be written as a separate word. In Old Saxon and Old Frisian sum was similarly used with the gen. plural, as Old Saxon fahora sum (one of a few), Old Frisian twira-, thrira-, fiuwerasum, etc.; the latter are still represented by West Frisian tware-, trijere-, fjouweresom, etc. Π a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5233 Quen þai war gedir al to-gedir, Sex and sexti sum o liues þai war. c1400 Brut 236 And also he commandede..þat þai shulde bene put in tuenty~some and in hundredsome. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ix. l. 568 Off Scottis men thai semblyt hastely, Ix hundyr-sum off worthi chewalry. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2019). -somesuffix³ Later variant of -sum, occurring in a few words, as whatsome pron., wheresome adv. and conj., whosome pron. Cf. somever adv. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2020). -somecomb. form Primary stress is retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element but the vowel in this suffix is never reduced. Etymology: < Greek σῶμα body. (a) used with this sense, as in ecto- comb. form, trophosome n. at tropho- comb. form 1; (b) used to form words denoting an intracellular particle, as in acrosome n., chromosome n., lysosome n.; (c) used to representing chromosome, as in disome n., monosome n. 2. ΚΠ 1921 A. F. Blakeslee in Amer. Naturalist 55 259 The following terms are suggested to designate sets with numbers of chromosomes from 1 to 12: monosome, disome, trisome, tetrasome, pentasome, hexasome, heptasome, oktasome, enneasome, dekasome, hendekasome, dodekasome. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online September 2020). < suffix¹suffix²a1400suffix³comb. form1921
随便看	θ137924 θ137925 θ137926 θ137927 θ137928 θ137929 θ13793 θ137931 θ137932 θ137933 θ137934 θ137935 θ137936 θ137937 θ137938 θ137939 θ13794 θ137940 θ137941 θ137942 θ137943 θ137944 θ137945 θ137946 θ137947

-somesuffix1

-somesuffix2

-somesuffix3

-somecomb. form

-somesuffix¹

-somesuffix²

-somesuffix³