di-prefix¹

Primary stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin dī-.

Etymology: < classical Latin dī-, reduced form of dis- dis- prefix, used in Latin before the consonants b , d , g (usually), l , m , n , r , s + consonant, v , and sometimes before i , as in dībūcināre , dīdūcere , dīgestiō , dīgressiō , dīiūdicāre , dīiungere and disiungere , dīlātāre , dīminuere , dīmissiō , dīnumerāre , dīrectus , dīruptiō , dīspersus , dīstinguere , dīstrictus , dīvertere . (Often changed back in common words in post-classical Latin and Romance to the full form dis- , as in dismiss v., disrupt v.) In Old French and Middle English often varying with de- , as in defer v.¹, demission n.², devise n., from Latin differre , dīmissiō , dīvīsa . This took place especially before a stem beginning with s + consonant, where di- was phonetically identified with dis- , and shared in the alternation of dis- with des- (compare de- prefix 1f, des- prefix, dis- prefix). Thus in Middle English, on the one hand, desperse, destinct, destill, destrain, destress for disperse, etc.; and on the other hand, dispair, dispise, dispite, dispoil, distroy for despair, etc.The historical pronunciation in an unstressed syllable is /dɪ-/; compare divide v., diminish v.; but in cases where there is a parallel word in de- , as delate , dilate , it is usually pronounced /daɪ-/ for the sake of distinction, and the present tendency is to extend /daɪ-/ to other words, as digest v., dilute v., diluvium n., direct adj., diverge v., diverse adj., divest v. This seems due partly to analysis of the component parts of the compound, partly to the influence of such stressed forms as ˈdigest digest n., ˈdivers divers adj.

For its force in compounds, see dis- prefix: it is not, like the latter, a living prefix.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

di-prefix²

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element; see e.g. diarthrodial adj.

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: dia- prefix¹

Etymology: Variant (before a vowel) of dia- prefix¹.

The form of dia- prefix¹ used before a vowel, as in di-acoustic, di-æresis, di-esis, di-ocese, di-optric, di-orama.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

di-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element.

Etymology: < Greek δι- for δίς twice, as in δίγαμος twice married, δίγλωττος double-tongued, bilingual, δίδραχμος worth two drachmas, δίπτυχος double-folded.

1. Entering into numerous English words, mostly technical, as dichromic, dicotyledon, digamma, digamy, diglot, digraph, dilemma, diphthong, diptych, distich, disyllable; also in the nomenclature of Natural History as Diadelphia, Diandria, Didelphia, Diptera: which see in their alphabetical places. So in Crystallography, as in di-tetrahedron a crystal having twice four sides or planes; so di-hexahedron, etc.

2. As a living prefix, used in Chemistry, with the names of compounds and derivatives, in the general sense ‘twice, double’, but with various special applications.

a. With the names of classes of compounds, as bromide, oxide, sulphide, cyanide, acetate, chlorate, nitrate, sulphate, amide, amine, etc., expressing the presence of two atoms or combining equivalents of the element or radical, as carbon dioxide CO₂, manganese dichloride Mn Cl₂.⁋In the earlier part of the 19th cent. the use was different: the Latin prefix bi- was then used, where di- is now, to express two proportions of the chlorous constituent, as in bi-chloride of mercury = corrosive sublimate; while the Greek di- was used to express two proportions of the basic constituent; thus calomel, when supposed to contain two of mercury to one of chlorine, was called a di-chloride.

b. With the names of specific compounds (chiefly organic), indicating a body having twice the formula of a given compound; used chiefly with the names of hypothetical radicals, to indicate the free state of these (supposed to be that of a double molecule), as in di-allyl, dibenzyl, dicyanogen.In diphenol, the use is less exact, since this substance has not exactly the constitution of two molecules of phenol.

c. With the name (or combining form of the name) of an element or radical, expressing the presence of two atoms or molecules of that body, as in di-hydr(o)-, di-oxy-, di-carbon-, di-carb(o)-, di-nitr(o)-, di-az(o)-, di-chlor(o)-, di-brom(o)-, di-iod(o)-, di-sulph(o)-, di-phosph(o)-, di-bor(o)-, di-arsen(o)-, di-ammoni(o)-, di-amm(o)-, di-amid(o)-, di-cyan(o)-, di-methyl-, di-ethyl-, di-propyl-, di-amyl-, di-allyl-. Used especially in organic chemistry, to indicate that two atoms or molecules of the body take the place of two atoms of hydrogen, as in dibromomethane, dichlorobenzene.

dipyromucamide n.

Brit.

/dʌɪˌpʌɪrə(ʊ)ˈmjuːkəmʌɪd/

U.S.

/daɪˌpaɪroʊˈmjukəˌmaɪd/

2-pyrrolecarboxamide, NH·CH:CH·CH:C·CONH₂.

ΚΠ

1866–8 H. Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 765 Dipyromucamide forms white, shining laminæ, easily soluble in alcohol and ether, less soluble in water.

dipotassic adj.

Brit.

/ˌdʌɪpəˈtasɪk/

U.S.

/ˌdaɪpəˈtæsɪk/

Chem (of a chemical compound) containing two atoms of potassium per molecule.

ΚΠ

1877 H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 12) I. 338 Normal potassium carbonate, or Dipotassic carbonate, K₂CO₃.

d. These formations ( 2c) are sometimes used attributively or adjectively as separate words, as di-azo compounds, di-carbon series, di-phenyl group. So with other adjectives, as diacid, dihydric, diphenic.

e. On the preceding classes of words derivatives are formed, as diazotize, diazotype, dichromated.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

prefix¹

prefix²

comb. form1866

单词	di-
释义	di-prefix¹ Primary stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin dī-. Etymology: < classical Latin dī-, reduced form of dis- dis- prefix, used in Latin before the consonants b , d , g (usually), l , m , n , r , s + consonant, v , and sometimes before i , as in dībūcināre , dīdūcere , dīgestiō , dīgressiō , dīiūdicāre , dīiungere and disiungere , dīlātāre , dīminuere , dīmissiō , dīnumerāre , dīrectus , dīruptiō , dīspersus , dīstinguere , dīstrictus , dīvertere . (Often changed back in common words in post-classical Latin and Romance to the full form dis- , as in dismiss v., disrupt v.) In Old French and Middle English often varying with de- , as in defer v.¹, demission n.², devise n., from Latin differre , dīmissiō , dīvīsa . This took place especially before a stem beginning with s + consonant, where di- was phonetically identified with dis- , and shared in the alternation of dis- with des- (compare de- prefix 1f, des- prefix, dis- prefix). Thus in Middle English, on the one hand, desperse, destinct, destill, destrain, destress for disperse, etc.; and on the other hand, dispair, dispise, dispite, dispoil, distroy for despair, etc.The historical pronunciation in an unstressed syllable is /dɪ-/; compare divide v., diminish v.; but in cases where there is a parallel word in de- , as delate , dilate , it is usually pronounced /daɪ-/ for the sake of distinction, and the present tendency is to extend /daɪ-/ to other words, as digest v., dilute v., diluvium n., direct adj., diverge v., diverse adj., divest v. This seems due partly to analysis of the component parts of the compound, partly to the influence of such stressed forms as ˈdigest digest n., ˈdivers divers adj. For its force in compounds, see dis- prefix: it is not, like the latter, a living prefix. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online December 2021). di-prefix² Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element; see e.g. diarthrodial adj. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: dia- prefix¹ Etymology: Variant (before a vowel) of dia- prefix¹. The form of dia- prefix¹ used before a vowel, as in di-acoustic, di-æresis, di-esis, di-ocese, di-optric, di-orama. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online December 2021). di-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element. Etymology: < Greek δι- for δίς twice, as in δίγαμος twice married, δίγλωττος double-tongued, bilingual, δίδραχμος worth two drachmas, δίπτυχος double-folded. 1. Entering into numerous English words, mostly technical, as dichromic, dicotyledon, digamma, digamy, diglot, digraph, dilemma, diphthong, diptych, distich, disyllable; also in the nomenclature of Natural History as Diadelphia, Diandria, Didelphia, Diptera: which see in their alphabetical places. So in Crystallography, as in di-tetrahedron a crystal having twice four sides or planes; so di-hexahedron, etc. 2. As a living prefix, used in Chemistry, with the names of compounds and derivatives, in the general sense ‘twice, double’, but with various special applications. a. With the names of classes of compounds, as bromide, oxide, sulphide, cyanide, acetate, chlorate, nitrate, sulphate, amide, amine, etc., expressing the presence of two atoms or combining equivalents of the element or radical, as carbon dioxide CO₂, manganese dichloride Mn Cl₂.⁋In the earlier part of the 19th cent. the use was different: the Latin prefix bi- was then used, where di- is now, to express two proportions of the chlorous constituent, as in bi-chloride of mercury = corrosive sublimate; while the Greek di- was used to express two proportions of the basic constituent; thus calomel, when supposed to contain two of mercury to one of chlorine, was called a di-chloride. b. With the names of specific compounds (chiefly organic), indicating a body having twice the formula of a given compound; used chiefly with the names of hypothetical radicals, to indicate the free state of these (supposed to be that of a double molecule), as in di-allyl, dibenzyl, dicyanogen.In diphenol, the use is less exact, since this substance has not exactly the constitution of two molecules of phenol. c. With the name (or combining form of the name) of an element or radical, expressing the presence of two atoms or molecules of that body, as in di-hydr(o)-, di-oxy-, di-carbon-, di-carb(o)-, di-nitr(o)-, di-az(o)-, di-chlor(o)-, di-brom(o)-, di-iod(o)-, di-sulph(o)-, di-phosph(o)-, di-bor(o)-, di-arsen(o)-, di-ammoni(o)-, di-amm(o)-, di-amid(o)-, di-cyan(o)-, di-methyl-, di-ethyl-, di-propyl-, di-amyl-, di-allyl-. Used especially in organic chemistry, to indicate that two atoms or molecules of the body take the place of two atoms of hydrogen, as in dibromomethane, dichlorobenzene. dipyromucamide n. Brit. /dʌɪˌpʌɪrə(ʊ)ˈmjuːkəmʌɪd/ , U.S. /daɪˌpaɪroʊˈmjukəˌmaɪd/ 2-pyrrolecarboxamide, NH·CH:CH·CH:C·CONH₂. ΚΠ 1866–8 H. Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 765 Dipyromucamide forms white, shining laminæ, easily soluble in alcohol and ether, less soluble in water. dipotassic adj. Brit. /ˌdʌɪpəˈtasɪk/ , U.S. /ˌdaɪpəˈtæsɪk/ Chem (of a chemical compound) containing two atoms of potassium per molecule. ΚΠ 1877 H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 12) I. 338 Normal potassium carbonate, or Dipotassic carbonate, K₂CO₃. d. These formations ( 2c) are sometimes used attributively or adjectively as separate words, as di-azo compounds, di-carbon series, di-phenyl group. So with other adjectives, as diacid, dihydric, diphenic. e. On the preceding classes of words derivatives are formed, as diazotize, diazotype, dichromated. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < prefix¹prefix²comb. form1866
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di-prefix1

di-prefix2

di-comb. form

di-prefix¹

di-prefix²