dialysisn.
/dʌɪˈalᵻsɪs/, U.S. /daɪˈæləsəs/ a. A statement of irreconcilable propositions. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of structure or thought > [noun] > statement of irreconcilable propositions
dismemberer1491
dialysis1550
1550 R. Sherry Treat. Schemes & Tropes sig. D.iiii Diuisio, division is which dividing one thyng from another, endeth them both by shewing a reason. [Margin] Dialisis.
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 185 A maner of speach [Dialisis, or the Dismembrer], not so figuratiue as fit for argumentation, and worketh not vnlike the dilemma of the Logicians.
1599 A. Day Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) ii. sig. Mm3 Dialisis, a separation of one thing from another, both being absolued by a seuerall reason, in the nature of a Dilemma, as thus..if you remember it, I haue said inough, if not, my words wil not prouoke you.
b. = asyndeton n. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of structure or thought > [noun] > omission of conjunctions
dialyton1550
asyndeton1589
dialysis1823
1653 R. Lloyd Latine Gram. 187 Synathroismus is a Series of causes concurring to the same effect.., which with severall conjunctions set between them is called Polysyntheton, or without any such..is called Asyntheton or Dialysis.
1823 G. Crabb Universal Technol. Dict. Dialysis, (Rhet.)..i.e. asyndeton, a figure of speech in which several words are put together without being connected together by a conjunction, as veni, vidi, vici.
2. † a. = diaeresis n. 1b. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > writing > written character > [noun] > written character not a letter > diacritic > types of
prickOE
tittlec1384
acute accent1555
windabout1589
cerilla1591
cedilla1599
acute1609
circumflex1609
grave1609
diaeresis1611
dialysis1665
dot1693
short accent, mark1704
long mark1729
síneadh fada1768
macron1851
macrotone1880
tilde1915
umlaut1938
fada1981
ogonek1981
1665 R. Johnson Scholars Guide 2 A Dialysis (¨) used when a diphthong is parted into two Syllables, as, pictäi, aquäi, poëma.
1707 T. Dyche Guide to Eng. Tongue 120 Dialysis ¨ being two Points plac'd over two Vowels of a Word, that wou'd otherwise make a Diphthong, parts 'em into two several Syllables.
1773 J. Carter Pract. Eng. Gram. i. vi. 36 Diresis, or Dialysis, at the Top of the latter of two Vowels, denotes they are to be separated in Spelling; as, Emaüs, Capernaüm.
1824 W. Cobbett French Gram. iii. §24 The dialysis (¨) is put over one vowel of two, to make two syllables when there would otherwise be one.
b. Grammar. = diaeresis n. 1a.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > syllabic sound > syllable > division into or utterance of > division of one into two
diaeresis1656
dialysis1696
1696 W. T. Lily, Improved 154 What is the Figure Diæresis or Dialysis?.. It is when two syllables are made of one, cut asunder or parted.
1712 W. Oldisworth tr. R. Bentley Note in Horace Odes V. i. xxiii. 18/1 Here Silvæ is made into three Syllables, Siluæ... The same Dialysis or Dissolution, not only Catullus.., but also Tibullus and Ovid, the most terse of poets, do frequently admit of in other words.
1818 C. J. Blomfield in E. V. Blomfield tr. A. H. Matthiæ Copious Greek Gram. p. xli Ἐέλπετο is not a dialysis of ἤλπετο, but comes from ἐέλπομαι.
1903 S. E. Winbolt Lat. Hexameter Verse vi. 200 We may..group together certain devices by which metrical difficulties are overcome, such as synizesis, dialysis, hiatus, the lengthening and shortening of vowels, [etc.].
1980 L. Threatte Gram. Attic Inscriptions I. xxxi. 411 In metrical texts with pseudo-epic diction diphthongs are frequently subject to diaeresis (or dialysis), a separation into two vowels.
3. Medicine.† a. Loss of strength, esp. in the limbs. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.
ΚΠ
1775 G. Motherby New Med. Dict. Dialysis, a dissolution of the strength, or a weakness of the limbs.
1883 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Dialysis,..Also, an old term for weakness of the muscles of the limbs.
b. Loss of structural continuity of tissue; dissolution or destruction of a tissue or substance in the body; an instance of this. In later use: spec. tearing of the retina from its anterior attachment to the choroid; an instance of this.
ΚΠ
1785 G. Wallis tr. F. Boissier de la Croix de Sauvages Nosologia Methodica Oculorum i. 13 First, it [sc. extroversion of the eye-lids] originates from a relaxation of the internal Membrane..; fifthly, from a marginal Dialysis [L. à marginali dialysi], or solution of continuity, when, by wounds or ulcers, the edge of the palpebra is divided, the corners of the fissure reflected or pulled back.
1834 Medico-chirurg. Rev., & Jrnl. Pract. Med. 21 394 The psora of Cullen is most preposterously arranged as a local dialysis, or, in other words, a broken surface, whereas it is a vesicular inflammation of Rayer.
1860 Eclectic Med. Jrnl. Apr. 216 It is generally already incrusted with one or more of the substances, forming the concretion; the removal of which would therefore have to precede the dialysis of the fibrin.
1898 Lancet 7 May 1295/2 In 65 cases single cholecystotomy was performed,..in 6 cases dialysis, in 3 cases cholecystopexy, [etc.].
1946 Postgraduate Med. Jrnl. 22 197 The tension is usually lowered after a blow on the eye, owing to a partial dialysis of the ciliary body.
1964 S. Duke-Elder Parsons' Dis. Eye (ed. 14) xxii. 336 A tearing of the retina at its junction with the ciliary epithelium, sometimes over a considerable area, to form a disinsertion or anterior retinal dialysis.
2011 Jrnl. Amer. Assoc. Pediatric Ophthalmol. & Strabismus 15 204/2 All patients with suspected airbag-associated injury should undergo careful evaluation of the retina..to assess for peripheral retinal pathology, including retinal dialysis.
4.
a. Chemistry and Biology. A process in which dissolved or suspended substances are selectively removed from a solution as a result of the differences in their capacity to pass through the pores of a semipermeable membrane into another solution or solvent down a concentration gradient.As originally devised by the Scottish chemist Thomas Graham, the process involved the use of a floating parchment membrane to separate mixtures of dissolved (crystalloid) and colloidal substances in water. In many contexts it has now been superseded by ultrafiltration under pressure. Cf. electrodialysis n. at electro- comb. form 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > separation > specific separation processes
departa1626
parting1662
inquart1683
departure1741
disassociation1814
dialysis1861
dissociation1869
inquartation1881
1861 T. Graham in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 151 186 It may perhaps be allowed me to apply the convenient term dialysis to the method of separating by diffusion through a septum of gelatinous matter.
1864 Chem. News 16 July 26/1 Graham has shown that by the aid of dialysis very minute quantities of certain poisons, mixed with various organic matters, may be detected, especially arsenious acid and strychnine.
1905 Pop. Sci. Monthly July 274 This process of dialysis is commonly resorted to also for freeing colloidal solutions or suspensions prepared in other ways from mineral impurities.
1950 R. E. Kirk & D. F. Othmer Encycl. Chem. Technol. V. 15 The most important field for dialysis today is the recovery of caustic soda from industrial wastes and the refining of crude caustic.
2004 R. W. Baker Membrane Technol. & Applic. (ed. 2) xiii. 491 Dialysis was also used in the laboratory in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly to purify biological solutions or to fractionate macromolecules.
2010 Jrnl. Cell Biol. 189 79/2 After dialysis, the samples were concentrated.., aliquoted, and frozen in liquid nitrogen.
b. Medicine. Therapeutic use of the process of dialysis to remove potentially toxic substances from the body, esp. in the treatment of renal failure; esp. = haemodialysis n. at haemo- comb. form . Also: an instance of this.maintenance, peritoneal, renal dialysis: see the first element.Practical therapeutic dialysis was first developed by the Dutch physician Willem Kolff in1943–5.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments removing or dispersing matter > [noun] > dialysis
dialysis1944
peritoneal dialysis1946
haemodialysis1947
renal dialysis1960
maintenance dialysis1966
maintenance haemodialysis1968
1914 J. J. Abel et al. in Jrnl. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therapeutics 5 276 We have devised a method by which the blood of a living animal may be submitted to dialysis outside the body, and again returned to the natural circulation.]
1944 W. J. Kolff et al. in Acta Medica Scandinavica 117 127 As we did not know at all how our first patient would react to the dialysis we started with repeatedly dialysing small portions of blood.
1953 J. A. Luetscher in A. Smith & P. L. Wermer Mod. Treatm. xix. 414 Potassium Intoxication... Efforts may be made to eliminate potassium from the body by dialysis (artificial kidney or intestinal or peritoneal dialysis) if the situation is urgent.
1968 Listener 11 July 42/1 The system of treatment is known as haemodialysis, or more simply dialysis. It is a way of cleaning the blood by external means.
2000 Jrnl. Clin. Pharmacol. 40 1365 The pharmacokinetics of oral telmisartan 120 mg [were] evaluated in subjects with severe renal insufficiency between dialyses and during hemodialysis.
2007 New Yorker 10 Dec. 88/3 She put a third, slightly thicker line, for dialysis, through his right upper chest and into the subclavian vein.
Compounds
General attributive (in sense 4).
ΚΠ
1864 E. A. Parkes Man. Pract. Hygiene i. 167 Place the filtered brine in a bladder or vessel of the prepared dialysis-parchment.
1896 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 29 Feb. 521/1 He conducted also some dialysis experiments, and found that the added sugar dialysed from the blood.
1945 Jrnl. Allergy 16 121 Globulin was separated from the serum by dialysis fractionation.
1964 Science 6 Mar. 1036/2 The sample was held down by a piece of dialysis membrane (cellophane) placed between the spacer gel and the cathode buffer reservoir.
1977 Ann. Internal Med. 86 655/1 Two [deaths] from myocardial infarctions in maintenance dialysis patients with severe three-vessel coronary artery disease.
2001 N.Y. Times 2 Aug. a16/3 An initial shortage of dialysis machines forced them to decide who would receive the life-saving treatment.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
<
n.1550