† alleviateadj.

Forms: 1500s–1600s alleuiate, 1500s alleuyate, 1600s alleviat.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin alleviātus, alleviāre.

Etymology: < classical Latin alleviātus, past participle of alleviāre alleviate v.

As past participle. Obsolete.

1. Alleviated; extenuated, palliated.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > [adjective] > become or made less violent or severe

temperate1398

alleviate1531

mitigated1546

mollified1581

swageda1603

well-tempered1602

castigate1642

tempered1654

slackened1725

castigated1728

temperated1737

subsided1753

moderated1773

chastised1790

softened1794

mildeneda1802

modulateda1806

relaxed1825

chastened1844

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. sig. E.vii^v Iulius Cesar and Salust, for theyr..continuynge of the history, without any varietie, wherby the peyne of study shulde be alleuyate, they two wolde be reserued.

1671 R. McWard True Non-conformist 34 That which you call cruelty..will quickly be alleviat to moderation.

1691 A. Brown Vindicatory Schedule Pref. sig. ¶¶4^v The anbelosity and Fever seemed much to be alleviat.

2. Made lighter in weight.In quot. in figurative context.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > lightness > [adjective] > made lighter

alleviatea1550

a1550 ( G. Ripley Compend of Alchemy (Bodl. e Mus.) f. 54 Pursis with poundes so agravate, Which by philosophye be now alleuiate.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

alleviatev.

Brit.

/əˈliːvɪeɪt/, U.S.

/əˈliviˌeɪt/

Forms: late Middle English–1600s alleuiate, 1500s alleuiat, 1500s– alleviate, 1600s aleviate, 1600s alleviat.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin alleviat-, alleviare.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin alleviat-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of alleviare to lighten, make lighter (Vetus Latina), to relieve (Vulgate) < classical Latin al- , variant of ad- ad- prefix + levis light (see levity n.¹). Compare allege v.² and the Romance forms cited at that entry. Compare also the Middle French forms cited at allevy v. Compare alleviation n.

1. transitive. To make (pain, suffering, etc.) less severe; to relieve; to ease, reduce. Also occasionally intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > make less violent or severe [verb (transitive)] > mitigate or alleviate

lithec897

lighteOE

lissea1000

stillc1000

alightOE

alithe?a1200

softc1225

swagec1330

abate?c1335

easea1374

accoya1375

allegea1375

stintc1374

slakea1387

assuage1393

planea1400

slecka1400

plasterc1400

soften?c1415

lighten?a1425

mitigate?a1425

relievec1425

asoftc1430

alleviate?a1475

allevya1500

sletcha1500

alleve1544

allevate1570

salve?1577

sweetena1586

smooth1589

disembitter1622

deleniate1623

slaken1629

tranquillitate1657

soothe1711

the mind > emotion > pleasure > state of being consoled or relieved > be relieved of [verb (transitive)] > console or relieve > relieve (suffering)

lissea1000

alightOE

allayc1225

softc1225

comfort1297

laya1300

eathea1325

allegea1375

appeasec1374

laska1375

slakea1387

releasea1393

balma1400

to bete one of one's balea1400

to cool a person's caresc1400

delivera1413

leggea1425

mitigate?a1425

repress?a1425

alleviate?a1475

allevya1500

alleve1544

leviate1545

lenify1567

allevate1570

ungrieve1589

straight1604

mulcify1653

balsama1666

solace1667

meliorate1796

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1869) II. 229 (MED) Tubal exercisede firste musike to alleuiate [L. ad alleviandum] the tediosenes pastoralle.

1528 T. Paynell tr. Arnaldus de Villa Nova in Joannes de Mediolano Regimen Sanitatis Salerni 22 Milk..alleviateth the griefes of the breast.

1583 P. Stubbes Anat. Abuses sig. B.ij^v A good Companion too trauayle withall, is in steade of a Wagon..For as the one doth ease the painfulnes of the way, so doth the other alleuiat ye yrksomnes of the iourney.

1646 Bp. J. Hall Balme of Gilead 6 To alleviate the sorrows of their heavy partners.

1698 Unnatural Mother iv. 33 Such Woes as mine are not to be aleviated by Musick.

1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 450. ⁋3 I..found means to alleviate, and at last conquer my Affliction.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall III. lxviii. 733 His poverty was alleviated by a pension of 50,000 aspers.

1871 G. H. Napheys Prevention & Cure Dis. iii. ii. 619 To alleviate the sufferings of the invalid.

1888 Mrs. H. Ward Robert Elsmere III. vi. xli. 223 The constant effort to serve and to alleviate.

1945 Daily Tel. 27 July 3/3 The Admiralty and Air Ministry are to do all they can to alleviate the housing situation by releasing property.

1967 New Scientist 9 Nov. 328/3 Fortification of cereals and cereal flours with proteins offers the best immediate prospect for alleviating the world's shortage of protein foods.

2008 Guardian 15 Dec. 22/1 Thousands of young men in Gaza are becoming addicted to a prescription painkiller used to alleviate the stress of living in the besieged Palestinian territory.

2. transitive. To lessen the gravity of (an offence or wrongdoing); to extenuate. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > excuse > excuse (a person or fault) [verb (transitive)] > extenuate

whiteOE

gloze1390

colourc1400

emplasterc1405

littlec1450

polish?c1450

daub1543

plaster1546

blanch1548

flatter1552

extenuate1570

alleviate1577

soothe1587

mincea1591

soothe1592

palliate1604

sweeten1635

rarefy1637

mitigate1651

glossa1656

whitewash1703

qualify1749

1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Eng. 232/2 in Chron. I He indeuored by pretendyng his fauor towards the sonne to alleuiate the tyrannicall murder of the father.

1658 Additionals to Myst. of Jesvitisme 75 Whatsoever is done against the law is alwayes evil, nor is it any way alleviated or excused, by pretending that it is according to a mans conscience.

1698 J. Groeneveldt Late Censors Deservedly Censured 7 You might Alleviate one Crime, by committing another.

1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 15 The violence of passion, or temptation, may sometimes alleviate a crime.

1777 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip II II. xiv. 4 They began to alleviate the outrages of the soldiers.

1864 Sc. Law Mag. & Sheriff Court Reporter 3 85/2 Calumnious words are presumed to be false; and proof of their truth, though in every case alleviating the offence.., do not in all cases entitle the defender to absolvitor.

1908 Northeastern Rep. 83 280/2 The defense of insanity is of such a nature that it could not so mitigate or alleviate the crime that it could be made manslaughter instead of murder.

†3. transitive. To make lighter in weight. Also intransitive. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > lightness > make light or lighter [verb (transitive)]

lighta1225

lighten?a1425

alleviate1592

alightena1661

levitate1686

lightweight1955

1592 N. Gyer Eng. Phlebotomy ii. 21 Particuler Euacuation doth onely alleuiate some particuler part loden with Excrements.

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1001 Like as the property of fire is to alleviate, it cannot otherwise be, but the hotter that a thing is, the more light also it is.

1666 Philos. Trans. 1665–6 (Royal Soc.) 1 157 Such as have exact Wheel-Barometers may try whether Odors or Fumes do alleviate the Air.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	alleviate
释义	† alleviateadj. Forms: 1500s–1600s alleuiate, 1500s alleuyate, 1600s alleviat. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin alleviātus, alleviāre. Etymology: < classical Latin alleviātus, past participle of alleviāre alleviate v. As past participle. Obsolete. 1. Alleviated; extenuated, palliated. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > [adjective] > become or made less violent or severe temperate1398 alleviate1531 mitigated1546 mollified1581 swageda1603 well-tempered1602 castigate1642 tempered1654 slackened1725 castigated1728 temperated1737 subsided1753 moderated1773 chastised1790 softened1794 mildeneda1802 modulateda1806 relaxed1825 chastened1844 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. sig. E.vii^v Iulius Cesar and Salust, for theyr..continuynge of the history, without any varietie, wherby the peyne of study shulde be alleuyate, they two wolde be reserued. 1671 R. McWard True Non-conformist 34 That which you call cruelty..will quickly be alleviat to moderation. 1691 A. Brown Vindicatory Schedule Pref. sig. ¶¶4^v The anbelosity and Fever seemed much to be alleviat. 2. Made lighter in weight.In quot. in figurative context. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > lightness > [adjective] > made lighter alleviatea1550 a1550 ( G. Ripley Compend of Alchemy (Bodl. e Mus.) f. 54 Pursis with poundes so agravate, Which by philosophye be now alleuiate. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2021). alleviatev. Brit. /əˈliːvɪeɪt/, U.S. /əˈliviˌeɪt/ Forms: late Middle English–1600s alleuiate, 1500s alleuiat, 1500s– alleviate, 1600s aleviate, 1600s alleviat. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin alleviat-, alleviare. Etymology: < post-classical Latin alleviat-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of alleviare to lighten, make lighter (Vetus Latina), to relieve (Vulgate) < classical Latin al- , variant of ad- ad- prefix + levis light (see levity n.¹). Compare allege v.² and the Romance forms cited at that entry. Compare also the Middle French forms cited at allevy v. Compare alleviation n. 1. transitive. To make (pain, suffering, etc.) less severe; to relieve; to ease, reduce. Also occasionally intransitive. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > make less violent or severe [verb (transitive)] > mitigate or alleviate lithec897 lighteOE lissea1000 stillc1000 alightOE alithe?a1200 softc1225 swagec1330 abate?c1335 easea1374 accoya1375 allegea1375 stintc1374 slakea1387 assuage1393 planea1400 slecka1400 plasterc1400 soften?c1415 lighten?a1425 mitigate?a1425 relievec1425 asoftc1430 alleviate?a1475 allevya1500 sletcha1500 alleve1544 allevate1570 salve?1577 sweetena1586 smooth1589 disembitter1622 deleniate1623 slaken1629 tranquillitate1657 soothe1711 the mind > emotion > pleasure > state of being consoled or relieved > be relieved of [verb (transitive)] > console or relieve > relieve (suffering) lissea1000 alightOE allayc1225 softc1225 comfort1297 laya1300 eathea1325 allegea1375 appeasec1374 laska1375 slakea1387 releasea1393 balma1400 to bete one of one's balea1400 to cool a person's caresc1400 delivera1413 leggea1425 mitigate?a1425 repress?a1425 alleviate?a1475 allevya1500 alleve1544 leviate1545 lenify1567 allevate1570 ungrieve1589 straight1604 mulcify1653 balsama1666 solace1667 meliorate1796 ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1869) II. 229 (MED) Tubal exercisede firste musike to alleuiate [L. ad alleviandum] the tediosenes pastoralle. 1528 T. Paynell tr. Arnaldus de Villa Nova in Joannes de Mediolano Regimen Sanitatis Salerni 22 Milk..alleviateth the griefes of the breast. 1583 P. Stubbes Anat. Abuses sig. B.ij^v A good Companion too trauayle withall, is in steade of a Wagon..For as the one doth ease the painfulnes of the way, so doth the other alleuiat ye yrksomnes of the iourney. 1646 Bp. J. Hall Balme of Gilead 6 To alleviate the sorrows of their heavy partners. 1698 Unnatural Mother iv. 33 Such Woes as mine are not to be aleviated by Musick. 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 450. ⁋3 I..found means to alleviate, and at last conquer my Affliction. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall III. lxviii. 733 His poverty was alleviated by a pension of 50,000 aspers. 1871 G. H. Napheys Prevention & Cure Dis. iii. ii. 619 To alleviate the sufferings of the invalid. 1888 Mrs. H. Ward Robert Elsmere III. vi. xli. 223 The constant effort to serve and to alleviate. 1945 Daily Tel. 27 July 3/3 The Admiralty and Air Ministry are to do all they can to alleviate the housing situation by releasing property. 1967 New Scientist 9 Nov. 328/3 Fortification of cereals and cereal flours with proteins offers the best immediate prospect for alleviating the world's shortage of protein foods. 2008 Guardian 15 Dec. 22/1 Thousands of young men in Gaza are becoming addicted to a prescription painkiller used to alleviate the stress of living in the besieged Palestinian territory. 2. transitive. To lessen the gravity of (an offence or wrongdoing); to extenuate. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > excuse > excuse (a person or fault) [verb (transitive)] > extenuate whiteOE gloze1390 colourc1400 emplasterc1405 littlec1450 polish?c1450 daub1543 plaster1546 blanch1548 flatter1552 extenuate1570 alleviate1577 soothe1587 mincea1591 soothe1592 palliate1604 sweeten1635 rarefy1637 mitigate1651 glossa1656 whitewash1703 qualify1749 1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Eng. 232/2 in Chron. I He indeuored by pretendyng his fauor towards the sonne to alleuiate the tyrannicall murder of the father. 1658 Additionals to Myst. of Jesvitisme 75 Whatsoever is done against the law is alwayes evil, nor is it any way alleviated or excused, by pretending that it is according to a mans conscience. 1698 J. Groeneveldt Late Censors Deservedly Censured 7 You might Alleviate one Crime, by committing another. 1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 15 The violence of passion, or temptation, may sometimes alleviate a crime. 1777 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip II II. xiv. 4 They began to alleviate the outrages of the soldiers. 1864 Sc. Law Mag. & Sheriff Court Reporter 3 85/2 Calumnious words are presumed to be false; and proof of their truth, though in every case alleviating the offence.., do not in all cases entitle the defender to absolvitor. 1908 Northeastern Rep. 83 280/2 The defense of insanity is of such a nature that it could not so mitigate or alleviate the crime that it could be made manslaughter instead of murder. †3. transitive. To make lighter in weight. Also intransitive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > lightness > make light or lighter [verb (transitive)] lighta1225 lighten?a1425 alleviate1592 alightena1661 levitate1686 lightweight1955 1592 N. Gyer Eng. Phlebotomy ii. 21 Particuler Euacuation doth onely alleuiate some particuler part loden with Excrements. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1001 Like as the property of fire is to alleviate, it cannot otherwise be, but the hotter that a thing is, the more light also it is. 1666 Philos. Trans. 1665–6 (Royal Soc.) 1 157 Such as have exact Wheel-Barometers may try whether Odors or Fumes do alleviate the Air. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.1531v.?a1475
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