dogwoodn.

Brit.

/ˈdɒɡwʊd/, U.S.

/ˈdɔɡˌwʊd/,

/ˈdɑɡˌwʊd/

Forms: see dog n.¹ and wood n.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: dog n.¹, wood n.¹

Etymology: < dog n.¹ (compare dog n.¹ Compounds 3c) + wood n.¹ Compare earlier dogberry n.¹, dog-tree n.In application to trees and shrubs of other genera apparently chiefly on account of the similarity of the wood to that of the Cornus sanguinea. An alternative etymology < dag n.³ + wood n.¹ is frequently suggested, but both form and chronology argue very strongly against this. For this suggestion compare e.g.:1907 E. Step Wayside & Woodland Trees 116 Dogwood had originally no connection with dogs, but was the wood of which dags, goads, and skewers were made... When the etymology was changed by the substitution of ‘o’ for ‘a’ in dag, it was also called Dog-tree, Dog-berry, Dog-timber..and Houndberry, and to explain the name it was said that the bark made an excellent wash for mangy dogs.

a. Originally (more fully common dogwood): the plant Cornus sanguinea (family Cornaceae), a European shrub found in woods and hedgerows having dark red branches, white flowers, and dark purple berries. In later use: any plant of the widespread genus Cornus, comprising chiefly deciduous woody shrubs and trees; esp. any of the numerous cultivated varieties commonly grown in gardens for their decorative foliage and striking red-coloured stems in winter.miner's, pacific, pagoda, silky dogwood, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > cornus (dogwood and allies) > [noun]

gaiterc1000

dog-tree1548

cornel1551

dogberry1551

prick tree1551

hound's-berry1578

hound's-tree1578

prick-timber tree1578

dwarf honeysuckle1597

dogwood1598

sanguine-rod1601

prickwood1691

bloody twig1759

rose willow1798

red osier1807

swamp dogwood1817

stone-berry?1838

bunch-berry1845

cornus1846

silky cornel1848

silky dogwood1900

pagoda tree1978

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Corngniale, a wood called dog wood.

1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas The Dogges tree, dogge-wood, or wilde cherrie tree, which Butchers make prickes of.

1664 J. Evelyn Sylva (1729) i. xx. 108 The Wild-cornel or Dog-wood good to make Mill-Cogs, Pestles, [etc.].

1671 M. Mathews Let. 30 Aug. in L. Cheves Shaftesbury Papers (2000) 333 This Land bears very good..Bay, Sassaphrage, dogwood [etc.]

1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 628 There is likewise black Walnut, Cipress, Cedar, Dogwood, [etc.].

1700 Philos. Trans. 1699 (Royal Soc.) 21 437 We have also plenty of Pine, and Dog-wood, which is a fine Flower-bearing-Tree.

1707 H. Sloane Voy. Islands I. p. xii Negroes take them [sc. fish] by intoxicating them with Dogwood bark.

1719–30 tr. Tournefort's Compl. Herb. 641 The common wild female cornus, called the dogwood, or dogberry tree.

1769 W. Stork Acct. E. Florida 46 The ash, locust, and dog-wood-trees are here in abundance.

1824 M. R. Mitford Our Village I. 77 Promontories of dog-wood.

1859 H. W. Longfellow Hyperion ii. i The dog-wood, robed in the white of its own pure blossoms.

1877 W. Matthews Ethnogr. Hidatsa 27 These Indians seldom use tobacco alone, but mix it with the dried inner bark of one or more species of dogwood, Cornus stolonifera and C. sericea.

1889 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 16 179 Mr. Hogg exhibited a bright pink-bracted form of the common dogwood, Cornus florida.

1908 Times 14 Mar. 6/3 The last common flowering shrubs of the year are the elder and the wayside dogwood.

1938 Amer. Home Jan. 14/2 As a mixed hedgerow, against what would soon be a mass of the greens of honeysuckle and bittersweet, we set different species of both shrubby viburnums and dogwoods.

1992 H. Mitchell One Man's Garden ix. 185 If a tree is needed, then, the two best choices are the common dogwood, Cornus florida, and the Washington thorn, Crataegus phaenopyrum.

2005 C. Tudge Secret Life Trees x. 228 Cornus..includes the forty-five species of dogwood, mostly shrubby.

b. The wood of any of these plants; esp. the hard, smooth-grained timber of C. sanguinea, formerly used for making spindles and skewers.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > wood of other specific trees

thornc1330

poplara1450

asp1551

angelin1670

dogwood1670

serpent-wood1681

locust wood1742

canarium1776

stave-wood1778

lacewood1803

Canary wood1820

chestnut1823

brier-wood1868

jasmine-wood1870

angelique1873

sakura1911

1670 New Additions to Art Husbandry 7 in J. Blagrave Epitome Art of Husbandry (new ed.) Go into some young Cops, and cut twenty or thirty taper-Hasle or Dogwood benders, such as are used to be set in Springes for Wood-cocks.

1696 London Gaz. No. 3206/4 Angle-Rods made of Foreign Dogwood.

1729 Evelyn's Sylva i. xx. 108 Wild-cornel, or Dog~wood, good to make Mill-Cogs, Pestles, Bobins for Bonelace, Spokes for Wheels, &c.

1859 F. W. Fairholt Tobacco iv. 192 The tube is of dogwood such as butcher's skewers are made of.

1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) II. 69 Toothpicks are also manufactured from dog~wood.

1931 New Castle (Pennsylvania) News 25 May 1/5 It [sc. a rolling pin] was made from dogwood by Mr. Hinkson's uncle.

1993 J. McPherson & G. McPherson Primitive Wilderness Living vii. 269 This burden basket..is made mostly from dogwood with a bit of willow tossed in.

2001 Cottage Post 17 May 6/3 Dogwood, alder and willow are the best woods for this application as they retain water and are easily formed.

2. More fully Jamaica dogwood. Any of various trees of the West Indian genus Piscidia (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)), the bark of which was formerly used as a fish poison; (also) the wood of this tree.

ΚΠ

1696 H. Sloane Catal. Plantarum in Jamaica 143 A kind of Wood with which the Indians take their Fish... Dogg-wood Tree.

1725 H. Sloane Voy. Islands II. 275 Another sort of Fishing they had with the Bark of the Tree call'd Dog-wood, which being bruised and put into standing Waters..intoxicated them [sc. the fishes].

a1771 T. Jefferys W.-India Atlas (1799) 18/2 The dogwood, which does not yield to the English oak for hardness.

1836 Mag. Nat. Hist. 9 458 The best time for collecting this bark..is in the month of April, when the dogwood is in full flower, and before the expansion of the foliage.

1883 Lancet 25 Aug. 343/2 We have received from Messrs. Sumner and Co. of Liverpool specimens of dogwood bark and of their fluid extract of Jamaica dogwood.

1920 W. Fawcett & A. B. Rendle Flora Jamaica IV. 84 P. piscipula..Dogwood... The whole tree, but especially the bark of the roots, contains piscidin, which is sedative and hypnotic.

1976 Naples (Florida) Daily News 6 Feb. 2A/1 The Fishfuddle tree is also known as the Jamaica Dogwood. It is one of the most abundant tropical trees..in tropical Florida.

1999 S. Rushdie Ground beneath her Feet (2000) xiii. 393 She praises the beneficial effects of Jamaica dogwood, of cabbage rubbed against the skin.

a. Any of various shrubs and trees of other genera resembling the dogwood in some way, or used in a similar manner. Frequently with distinguishing word.poison, pond, striped, swamp dogwood, etc.: see the first element.

ΚΠ

1785 M. Cutler in Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 1 409 Cephalanthus... Globe-Flower Shrub. Pond Dogwood. Button Bush... Common in watery swamps and pond-holes.

1847 A. Wood Class-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 203 R[hus] venenata..Poison Sumac. Dog-wood. The whole plant is very poisonous to the taste or touch.

1870 Galaxy Nov. 704 The rhus vernix, which is commonly called poison tree, poison wood, poison ash, and in Massachusetts poison dogwood.

1908 N. L. Britton N. Amer. Trees 641 This tree [sc. Acer pennsylvanicum] is of great beauty and adapted to lawn and park planting in shaded situations... It is also called Striped dogwood.

1931 C. H. Otis Michigan Trees (rev. ed.) 275 Poison Sumac, also known as Dogwood.., is an upright shrub or small tree.

2003 Jrnl. Range Managem. 56 464/1 Ivy,..honeysuckle..and black dogwood (Frangula alnus); all of them are considered of high preference in herbivore diets.

b. Australian. Any of various Australian trees and shrubs; esp. (a) the shrub or small tree Bedfordia salicina (family Asteraceae ( Compositae)) (now rare); (b) any of several typically leafless shrubs of the genus Jacksonia (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)), esp. J. scoparia, which emits a strong odour when burnt.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > non-British shrubs > [noun] > Australasian

banksia1787

waratah1793

honeysuckle1803

pinkwood1824

honeysuckle tree1825

rose1825

blue bush1828

dogwood1828

parrotbill1829

tulip-tree1830

whitebeard1832

swamp-oak1833

bauera1835

mungitec1837

bottlebrush1839

clianthus1841

glory-pea1848

boronia1852

koromiko1855

pituri1861

Sturt's pea1865

scrub vine1866

pea-bush1867

cotton-bush1876

Australian honeysuckle1881

peach myrtle1882

saloop bush1884

naupaka1888

dog rose1896

native tulip1898

snow bush1909

wedding-bush1923

Hebe1961

mountain pepper1965

1828 Tas. Colonial Secretary's Office Rec. 1/14 262 A thick underwood of Dogwood.

1847 F. W. L. Leichhardt Jrnl. Overland Exped. Austral. i. 11 Ironbark ridges here and there..with dogwood (Jacksonia)..diversified the sameness.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 132 B[edfordia] salicina, the Dogwood of Tasmania, has beautifully marked wood, suitable for cabinet-work.

1910 Bulletin (Sydney) 28 Apr. 14/4 Dog-wood (a valuable cattle fodder).

1933 D. Macdonald Brooks of Morning 181 Any new bush, shrub, or tree is to the timber-man ‘a kind of dogwood’.

1981 G. M. Cunningham et al. Plants Western New S. Wales 399 The wood emits a most offensive odour when burning, hence two of its common names, stinkwood and dogwood.

c. Chiefly English regional. (a) The spindle tree, Euonymus europaea; (b) the alder buckthorn, Rhamnus frangula; †(c) woody nightshade, Solanum dulcamara (obsolete). Cf. dog-tree n. 2. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > cultivated or ornamental trees and shrubs > [noun] > spindle-tree(s)

prickwood1516

spindle-tree1548

prick-timber1578

prickle tree1607

prick tree1671

spindle1712

spindlekin1714

euonymus1767

skewer wood1782

gaiter1796

dogwood1838

spindle-trees1846

louse-berry1866

skewer tree1894

1838 J. C. Loudon Arboretum 496 Euonymus Europæus..It is called Dogwood, because a decoction of its leaves was used to wash dogs, to free them from vermin.

1869 J. BRitten in Notes & Queries 3 469/2 Dogwood..—This name is in Lancashire applied to the bitter sweet (Solanum dulcamara).

1878 J. Britten & R. Holland Dict. Eng. Plant-names Dogwood..(3) Rhamnus Frangula. The ‘dogwood’ used in the manufacture of gunpowder is produced by this shrub. Hants.

1931 W. N. Clute Common Names Plants 92 The original..dogwood was probably the Old World Euonymous Europaeus.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	dogwood
释义	dogwoodn. Brit. /ˈdɒɡwʊd/, U.S. /ˈdɔɡˌwʊd/, /ˈdɑɡˌwʊd/ Forms: see dog n.¹ and wood n.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: dog n.¹, wood n.¹ Etymology: < dog n.¹ (compare dog n.¹ Compounds 3c) + wood n.¹ Compare earlier dogberry n.¹, dog-tree n.In application to trees and shrubs of other genera apparently chiefly on account of the similarity of the wood to that of the Cornus sanguinea. An alternative etymology < dag n.³ + wood n.¹ is frequently suggested, but both form and chronology argue very strongly against this. For this suggestion compare e.g.:1907 E. Step Wayside & Woodland Trees 116 Dogwood had originally no connection with dogs, but was the wood of which dags, goads, and skewers were made... When the etymology was changed by the substitution of ‘o’ for ‘a’ in dag, it was also called Dog-tree, Dog-berry, Dog-timber..and Houndberry, and to explain the name it was said that the bark made an excellent wash for mangy dogs. 1. a. Originally (more fully common dogwood): the plant Cornus sanguinea (family Cornaceae), a European shrub found in woods and hedgerows having dark red branches, white flowers, and dark purple berries. In later use: any plant of the widespread genus Cornus, comprising chiefly deciduous woody shrubs and trees; esp. any of the numerous cultivated varieties commonly grown in gardens for their decorative foliage and striking red-coloured stems in winter.miner's, pacific, pagoda, silky dogwood, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > cornus (dogwood and allies) > [noun] gaiterc1000 dog-tree1548 cornel1551 dogberry1551 prick tree1551 hound's-berry1578 hound's-tree1578 prick-timber tree1578 dwarf honeysuckle1597 dogwood1598 sanguine-rod1601 prickwood1691 bloody twig1759 rose willow1798 red osier1807 swamp dogwood1817 stone-berry?1838 bunch-berry1845 cornus1846 silky cornel1848 silky dogwood1900 pagoda tree1978 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Corngniale, a wood called dog wood. 1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas The Dogges tree, dogge-wood, or wilde cherrie tree, which Butchers make prickes of. 1664 J. Evelyn Sylva (1729) i. xx. 108 The Wild-cornel or Dog-wood good to make Mill-Cogs, Pestles, [etc.]. 1671 M. Mathews Let. 30 Aug. in L. Cheves Shaftesbury Papers (2000) 333 This Land bears very good..Bay, Sassaphrage, dogwood [etc.] 1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 628 There is likewise black Walnut, Cipress, Cedar, Dogwood, [etc.]. 1700 Philos. Trans. 1699 (Royal Soc.) 21 437 We have also plenty of Pine, and Dog-wood, which is a fine Flower-bearing-Tree. 1707 H. Sloane Voy. Islands I. p. xii Negroes take them [sc. fish] by intoxicating them with Dogwood bark. 1719–30 tr. Tournefort's Compl. Herb. 641 The common wild female cornus, called the dogwood, or dogberry tree. 1769 W. Stork Acct. E. Florida 46 The ash, locust, and dog-wood-trees are here in abundance. 1824 M. R. Mitford Our Village I. 77 Promontories of dog-wood. 1859 H. W. Longfellow Hyperion ii. i The dog-wood, robed in the white of its own pure blossoms. 1877 W. Matthews Ethnogr. Hidatsa 27 These Indians seldom use tobacco alone, but mix it with the dried inner bark of one or more species of dogwood, Cornus stolonifera and C. sericea. 1889 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 16 179 Mr. Hogg exhibited a bright pink-bracted form of the common dogwood, Cornus florida. 1908 Times 14 Mar. 6/3 The last common flowering shrubs of the year are the elder and the wayside dogwood. 1938 Amer. Home Jan. 14/2 As a mixed hedgerow, against what would soon be a mass of the greens of honeysuckle and bittersweet, we set different species of both shrubby viburnums and dogwoods. 1992 H. Mitchell One Man's Garden ix. 185 If a tree is needed, then, the two best choices are the common dogwood, Cornus florida, and the Washington thorn, Crataegus phaenopyrum. 2005 C. Tudge Secret Life Trees x. 228 Cornus..includes the forty-five species of dogwood, mostly shrubby. b. The wood of any of these plants; esp. the hard, smooth-grained timber of C. sanguinea, formerly used for making spindles and skewers. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > wood of other specific trees thornc1330 poplara1450 asp1551 angelin1670 dogwood1670 serpent-wood1681 locust wood1742 canarium1776 stave-wood1778 lacewood1803 Canary wood1820 chestnut1823 brier-wood1868 jasmine-wood1870 angelique1873 sakura1911 1670 New Additions to Art Husbandry 7 in J. Blagrave Epitome Art of Husbandry (new ed.) Go into some young Cops, and cut twenty or thirty taper-Hasle or Dogwood benders, such as are used to be set in Springes for Wood-cocks. 1696 London Gaz. No. 3206/4 Angle-Rods made of Foreign Dogwood. 1729 Evelyn's Sylva i. xx. 108 Wild-cornel, or Dog~wood, good to make Mill-Cogs, Pestles, Bobins for Bonelace, Spokes for Wheels, &c. 1859 F. W. Fairholt Tobacco iv. 192 The tube is of dogwood such as butcher's skewers are made of. 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) II. 69 Toothpicks are also manufactured from dog~wood. 1931 New Castle (Pennsylvania) News 25 May 1/5 It [sc. a rolling pin] was made from dogwood by Mr. Hinkson's uncle. 1993 J. McPherson & G. McPherson Primitive Wilderness Living vii. 269 This burden basket..is made mostly from dogwood with a bit of willow tossed in. 2001 Cottage Post 17 May 6/3 Dogwood, alder and willow are the best woods for this application as they retain water and are easily formed. 2. More fully Jamaica dogwood. Any of various trees of the West Indian genus Piscidia (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)), the bark of which was formerly used as a fish poison; (also) the wood of this tree. ΚΠ 1696 H. Sloane Catal. Plantarum in Jamaica 143 A kind of Wood with which the Indians take their Fish... Dogg-wood Tree. 1725 H. Sloane Voy. Islands II. 275 Another sort of Fishing they had with the Bark of the Tree call'd Dog-wood, which being bruised and put into standing Waters..intoxicated them [sc. the fishes]. a1771 T. Jefferys W.-India Atlas (1799) 18/2 The dogwood, which does not yield to the English oak for hardness. 1836 Mag. Nat. Hist. 9 458 The best time for collecting this bark..is in the month of April, when the dogwood is in full flower, and before the expansion of the foliage. 1883 Lancet 25 Aug. 343/2 We have received from Messrs. Sumner and Co. of Liverpool specimens of dogwood bark and of their fluid extract of Jamaica dogwood. 1920 W. Fawcett & A. B. Rendle Flora Jamaica IV. 84 P. piscipula..Dogwood... The whole tree, but especially the bark of the roots, contains piscidin, which is sedative and hypnotic. 1976 Naples (Florida) Daily News 6 Feb. 2A/1 The Fishfuddle tree is also known as the Jamaica Dogwood. It is one of the most abundant tropical trees..in tropical Florida. 1999 S. Rushdie Ground beneath her Feet (2000) xiii. 393 She praises the beneficial effects of Jamaica dogwood, of cabbage rubbed against the skin. 3. a. Any of various shrubs and trees of other genera resembling the dogwood in some way, or used in a similar manner. Frequently with distinguishing word.poison, pond, striped, swamp dogwood, etc.: see the first element. ΚΠ 1785 M. Cutler in Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 1 409 Cephalanthus... Globe-Flower Shrub. Pond Dogwood. Button Bush... Common in watery swamps and pond-holes. 1847 A. Wood Class-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 203 R[hus] venenata..Poison Sumac. Dog-wood. The whole plant is very poisonous to the taste or touch. 1870 Galaxy Nov. 704 The rhus vernix, which is commonly called poison tree, poison wood, poison ash, and in Massachusetts poison dogwood. 1908 N. L. Britton N. Amer. Trees 641 This tree [sc. Acer pennsylvanicum] is of great beauty and adapted to lawn and park planting in shaded situations... It is also called Striped dogwood. 1931 C. H. Otis Michigan Trees (rev. ed.) 275 Poison Sumac, also known as Dogwood.., is an upright shrub or small tree. 2003 Jrnl. Range Managem. 56 464/1 Ivy,..honeysuckle..and black dogwood (Frangula alnus); all of them are considered of high preference in herbivore diets. b. Australian. Any of various Australian trees and shrubs; esp. (a) the shrub or small tree Bedfordia salicina (family Asteraceae ( Compositae)) (now rare); (b) any of several typically leafless shrubs of the genus Jacksonia (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)), esp. J. scoparia, which emits a strong odour when burnt. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > non-British shrubs > [noun] > Australasian banksia1787 waratah1793 honeysuckle1803 pinkwood1824 honeysuckle tree1825 rose1825 blue bush1828 dogwood1828 parrotbill1829 tulip-tree1830 whitebeard1832 swamp-oak1833 bauera1835 mungitec1837 bottlebrush1839 clianthus1841 glory-pea1848 boronia1852 koromiko1855 pituri1861 Sturt's pea1865 scrub vine1866 pea-bush1867 cotton-bush1876 Australian honeysuckle1881 peach myrtle1882 saloop bush1884 naupaka1888 dog rose1896 native tulip1898 snow bush1909 wedding-bush1923 Hebe1961 mountain pepper1965 1828 Tas. Colonial Secretary's Office Rec. 1/14 262 A thick underwood of Dogwood. 1847 F. W. L. Leichhardt Jrnl. Overland Exped. Austral. i. 11 Ironbark ridges here and there..with dogwood (Jacksonia)..diversified the sameness. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 132 B[edfordia] salicina, the Dogwood of Tasmania, has beautifully marked wood, suitable for cabinet-work. 1910 Bulletin (Sydney) 28 Apr. 14/4 Dog-wood (a valuable cattle fodder). 1933 D. Macdonald Brooks of Morning 181 Any new bush, shrub, or tree is to the timber-man ‘a kind of dogwood’. 1981 G. M. Cunningham et al. Plants Western New S. Wales 399 The wood emits a most offensive odour when burning, hence two of its common names, stinkwood and dogwood. c. Chiefly English regional. (a) The spindle tree, Euonymus europaea; (b) the alder buckthorn, Rhamnus frangula; †(c) woody nightshade, Solanum dulcamara (obsolete). Cf. dog-tree n. 2. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > cultivated or ornamental trees and shrubs > [noun] > spindle-tree(s) prickwood1516 spindle-tree1548 prick-timber1578 prickle tree1607 prick tree1671 spindle1712 spindlekin1714 euonymus1767 skewer wood1782 gaiter1796 dogwood1838 spindle-trees1846 louse-berry1866 skewer tree1894 1838 J. C. Loudon Arboretum 496 Euonymus Europæus..It is called Dogwood, because a decoction of its leaves was used to wash dogs, to free them from vermin. 1869 J. BRitten in Notes & Queries 3 469/2 Dogwood..—This name is in Lancashire applied to the bitter sweet (Solanum dulcamara). 1878 J. Britten & R. Holland Dict. Eng. Plant-names Dogwood..(3) Rhamnus Frangula. The ‘dogwood’ used in the manufacture of gunpowder is produced by this shrub. Hants. 1931 W. N. Clute Common Names Plants 92 The original..dogwood was probably the Old World Euonymous Europaeus. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1598
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