allyln.
/ˈalʌɪl/, /ˈalɪl/, U.S. /ˈælɪl/ Chemistry.
An unsaturated hydrocarbon radical, —CH2CH=CH2. Cf. propenyl n.
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the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > hydrocarbon radicals > mono or univalent radicals
allyl1845
tetryl1857
carbonium1902
lauryl1915
1845 Chem. Gaz. May 181 The group C6H5 consequently possesses all the essential characteristics of an organic radical, for which the author proposes the name of Allyle = All.
1854 J. Pereira Elem. Materia Med. I. 225 Oils obtained from alliaceous and cruciferous plants..whose hypothetical radical is allyle.
1863 H. Watts Dict. Chem. I. 140 Berthelot and De Luca in the same year [sc. 1857] isolated the radical allyl.
1870 J. Tyndall Heat (ed. 4) xv. §763. 528 The liquid here employed is the iodide of allyl.
1909 H. V. Arny Princ. Pharmacy xxxviii. 683 Three compounds of allyl are worth passing notice: acrolein (allyl aldehyde).., allyl sulphide.., the odorous constituent of oil of garlic; and, lastly, allyl isothiocyanate (oil of mustard).
1969 Adv. in Catalysis 20 80 Rearrangement of allyl is relatively fast.
2004 R. X. Fernandes Shock Tube Investig. v. 49 Regarding the pyrolytic reactions of allyl, very little is known and understood.
Compounds
C1.
a. General attributive, as allyl compound, allyl group, allyl series, etc.
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1845 Chemist 6 121/2 Perhaps in the course of my works on the allyl series, I shall arrive at results on which, relative to this point, more certain remarks may be based.
1898 Analyst 23 244 Among the allyl derivatives found in natural essences are: chavicol, estragol, eugenol.., safrol, and apiol.
1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) ii. 68 Allyl compounds found in nature, e.g. oil of mustard and oil of garlic.
1936 A. Lowy & B. Harrow Introd. Org. Chem. (ed. 4) ix. 103 The C₃H₅ group, if trivalent, is known as the glyceryl group; if C₃H₅ is monovalent, it is known as the allyl group.
1992 Industr. & Engin. Chem. Res. 31 16/2 The main products produced by addition of the allyl radical to ethylene are cyclopentene and 1-pentene.
b. As a formative element in chemical names, as allyl chloride, allyl isothiocyanate, allyl sulphide, etc.
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1863 H. Watts Dict. Chem. I. 142 Chlorotritylene, C3H5Cl, is obtained..by treating chloride of tritylene, C3H6.Cl2 (hydrochlorate of allyl-chloride, C3H5Cl.HCl) with alcoholic potash.
1866 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. xxxvi. 319 The allyl sulphide..is remarkable as occurring in nature as the essential oil of garlic... In like manner, allyl sulphocyanide..is found as the essential oil of black mustard seed.
1891 T. E. Thorpe Dict. Appl. Chem. II. 626/2 The volatile oil, consisting of allyl isothiocyanate is formed from the brown mustard on addition of water.
1911 Encycl. Brit. XXVII. 794/2 The most important derivative [of thiourea] pharmacologically is allyl-thiourea.
1947 J. M. Edwards in P. I. Smith Pract. Plastics ix. 136/1 The allyl esters of carboxylic acids such as allyl phthalate, allyl maleate, and allyl methacrylate are rapidly gaining importance in the production of clear resins.
1992 W. T. Parsons & E. G. Cuthbertson Noxious Weeds Austral. 88/2 Crow garlic is an important weed because it contains allyl sulphides which impart a strong garlic odour and flavour to agricultural products.
2002 Guardian 19 Dec. (Online section) 10/2 Brussels sprouts contain a chemical with the scary-sounding name of allyl isothiocyanate, also known as sinigrin.
C2.
allyl alcohol n. a liquid unsaturated alcohol with a mustard-like odour, used as a raw material in chemical synthesis.Systematic name: prop-2-en-1-ol; CH2=CHCH2OH.
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1857 Proc. Royal Soc. 1856–7 8 514 Allyl alcohol.
1866 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. xxxvi. 319 Sodium dissolves in allyl alcohol, forming sodium allylate.
1947 J. H. Collins in P. I. Smith Pract. Plastics v. 59/1 Columbia resin 39 is a condensation polymer of allyl alcohol and maleic anhydride, which are materials not yet widely produced.
2009 Hindustan Times (Nexis) 17 June Allyl alcohol..is used as a starting material in the manufacturing of polymers, drugs, organic compounds, herbicides, pesticides and other chemical products.
allyl plastic n. = allyl resin n.
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1943 Mod. Plastics Nov. 96/2 The capacity for forming or drawing the new allyl plastics into curved windows is restricted..because of the absence of plastic flow.
1958 Chem. Rev. 58 813 Lynn, in his review of allyl plastics, mentions the use of copper as a polymerization catalyst under certain conditions.
2004 D. V. Rosato & D. V. Rosato Reinforced Plastics Handbk. (ed. 3) iii. 154 The allyl plastics are usually compression or transfer molded.
allyl resin n. any of various thermosetting resins or plastics formed by polymerization of allyl compounds, used as adhesives, varnishes, and coatings.Typical precursors of allyl resins are esters formed by the reaction of allyl alcohol with dibasic acids.
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1943 Mod. Plastics June 102 (caption) Physical properties of cast allyl resins and laminated allyl resins.
1959 Chambers's Encycl. X. 776/2 The allyl resins are among the newest plastic materials, and are based on allyl alcohol produced in the cracking of oil.
1997 Star Tribune (Minneapolis) (Nexis) 8 Jan. 6 a A baseball traveling 94 miles per hour shattered all of the glass, allyl resin and high-index lenses.
2003 C. A. Harper & E. M. Petrie Plastics Materials & Processes 29 The allyl resins have excellent dimensional stability, offering very low shrinkage.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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