abasev.

Brit.

/əˈbeɪs/, U.S.

/əˈbeɪs/

Forms:

α. Middle English abaist (past participle), Middle English abeesce, Middle English abese, Middle English abesse, Middle English abeyse, Middle English–1600s abasse, 1500s abace, 1500s abas (Scottish), 1500s–1600s abbase, 1500s– abase.

β. Middle English abasche, Middle English abasshet (past participle, in a late copy).

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French abaisser.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman abaiser, abeiser, abeisser, abeischer, abeser, abasser, abessir, Anglo-Norman and Middle French abaisser , abesser, Middle French abaissier, abassier, abbaisser, abaicier (French abaisser ) to humiliate (c1139 in Anglo-Norman), to lower (an object) (c1177 in Old French with reference to a drawbridge), to devalue a currency (late 12th cent.), to subdue (c1201), to remove, subtract, to detract from (both 13th cent. or earlier), to reduce in intensity (a1349), to lower (one's head, face, etc.) (1364), (reflexive) to stoop, bow (c1177) < a- a- prefix⁵ + baisser to lower, to diminish (see base v.¹); in later use with remodelling of the second element after base adj. Compare Old Occitan abaissar, Catalan abaixar (13th cent.), Spanish abajar (early 13th cent. as abaxar), Portuguese abaixar (13th cent.), Italian abassare (13th cent.).In early use showing some formal overlap with the etymologically distinct but semantically close abash v.: see discussion at that entry. The β. forms apparently show the same phonological development seen at -ish suffix² (compare abash v.), although in this case the sequence -iss is part of an unextended stem in French; compare also the Anglo-Norman variant abeischer cited above.

1. transitive. To lower in rank, condition, or character; to humble, humiliate, degrade. In later use chiefly reflexive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > humility > make humble [verb (transitive)]

edmodienc1175

lowc1175

meekc1175

lessa1382

abatec1390

abasea1393

belowc1400

meekenc1400

disadvance?c1425

simplec1450

lowlyc1485

humilea1492

chasten1526

to pare the nails ofa1549

lessen1579

vail1582

to take (something) a hole lower1591

destate1615

humblea1616

thorough-humblea1617

humiliate1656

level1712

unnichea1751

to level up, down1791

unpedestal1821

to take the starch out of1830

the mind > emotion > humility > self-abasement > humble oneself [verb (reflexive)]

meekc1175

humblec1380

meekenc1450

lowlyc1485

humiliate1533

abase1539

demean1659

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 2063 (MED) Oure king hath do this thing amis, So to abesse his realte..And humbled him..To hem.

c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. l. 4577 (MED) The Gregeis pride Ector abasched.

a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. l. 1632 (MED) Þey haue y-mad a Tour ffor to abesen our honour.

1539 C. Tunstall Serm. Palme Sondaye sig. Aii He dyd abase hym selfe, takynge vpon hym the fourme of a seruant.

1570 A. Golding tr. D. Chytræus Postil 346 Chryst the welspring of vnitie and mutuall loue, abased himselfe beneath all men.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. E1^v The grosse and palpable flatterie, whereunto many..haue abbased & abused their wits and pens.

a1653 H. Binning Serm. (1845) 53 If thy soul rightly discover God, it cannot but abase thee.

1708 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. (1965) I. 2 Heaven..you know delights in abasing the proud.

1749 J. Wesley Let. 4 Jan. (1931) II. 376 A Christian cannot think of the Author of his being without abasing himself before Him.

1834 B. Disraeli Revolutionary Epick i. xl. 66 To level not to raise is all their end. Where all are equal, all must be abased.

1876 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. App. 620 This famous refusal of Rolf to abase himself.

1918 A. G. Gardiner Leaves in Wind 236 We..see the story begin, progress and end..and come away with the discords resolved, virtue exalted and villany abased.

1936 L. C. Douglas White Banners iii. 46 The..apologizer..who had abased himself before..the credit departments of the stores.

1993 Harper's Mag. Sept. 21/2 I watched my colleagues at Berkeley turn from abasing themselves before dean and boards of trustees to abasing themselves before students.

2. transitive. To lower physically; to bring down, make low; (of the eyes, glance, etc.) to direct downwards. In later use chiefly reflexive: to prostrate oneself. Also intransitive in early use: to stoop, bow. Now somewhat archaic.In later use frequently with implication of sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)]

besench971

avalec1314

sinka1325

lighta1400

to get downa1450

abasec1450

descenda1475

base1489

fall1595

slopea1616

dimit1628

demit1646

send1657

down1852

dip1879

c1450 tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Lyfe Manhode (Cambr.) (1869) 172 ‘Ladi,’ quod j, ‘here is not water ynowh’..And thanne grace dieu lowe abeescede.

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 12 And Peleus..began to abasse & hange doun his heed.

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxiv. 246 Their seruitours speaking or being spoken vnto abbase their eyes in token of lowlines.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. i. sig. N2^v Suddeinly that warriour gan abace His threatned speare.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Richard III (1623) i. ii. 233 And will she yet abase [1597 debase] her eyes on me?

1671 W. Salmon Synopsis Medicinæ iii. xxii. 405 It abaseth inflamations and Feavers wonderfully.

1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 680 A Pump..whose Sucker..is raised and abased by two Levers.

1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II Abase, in the Sea Language, is to Lower or Take in. To abase the Flag, is to Take in the Flag.

1848 C. Dickens Dombey & Son xiii. 123 He cast his eyes full on Mr. Dombey with an altered and apologetic look, abased them on the ground, and remained for a moment without speaking.

1870 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. (1873) 2nd Ser. 323 Its delectable mountains which night shall utterly abase and destroy.

1911 H. P. Maskell in F. Storr Half Hundred Hero Tales 325 Aged Oeneus abased himself on the ground..bemoaning that he had lived to see that day.

1987 Manch. Guardian Weekly (Nexis) 12 July 2 How..do you complete your ablutions when the shower sprays you from above and refuses to do anything else? I have tried abasing myself with my posterior elevated.

2009 R. A. Kaster in R. K. Balot Compan. to Greek & Rom. Polit. Thought xx. 314 To kick someone who thus abased himself before you is a mark of monstrous arrogance.

3. transitive. To reduce the price or value of (land, goods, etc.); esp. to debase (currency). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > fluctuation in price > [verb (transitive)] > lower (price)

weaken1530

mitigate1542

abase1551

fall1564

to beat the price1591

to bring down1600

to fetch down1841

degrade1844

to roll back1942

1551 Proclam. Edward VI Abacing Coyne 18 July (single sheet) Bycause hys highnes hath already sumwhat abated the value of his sayde coine, therfore his maiesty should yet more abace it.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 1316 The peece of .ix. pence was abaced to six pence.

a1656 J. Hales Serm. at Eton (1673) i. 14 If He that abases the prince's coin deserves to die.

1668 J. Child Brief Observ. Trade 29 The charge of mending our Land would be doubled, and the Land abased to seven or eight years purchase.

1736 T. Carte Hist. Life Duke Ormonde I. 12 The standard of it [sc. the coin] which had been much abased in the time of her father Henry VIII.

1765 A. Ellys Liberty of Subj. in Eng. ii. ii. 67 Henry VIII abased his coin more than the one half of its value.

1893 R. B. Chapman in Rep. Indian Currency Comm. 655 The ancient silver standard money of France has undoubtedly been abased to the rank of tokens, and a tremendous evil this is for France.

1969 R. Graves Beyond Giving ii. 32 Nay, Sirs, though willing To abase the shilling From noble twelvepence To the half of ten, Pray go no further.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	abase
释义	abasev. Brit. /əˈbeɪs/, U.S. /əˈbeɪs/ Forms: α. Middle English abaist (past participle), Middle English abeesce, Middle English abese, Middle English abesse, Middle English abeyse, Middle English–1600s abasse, 1500s abace, 1500s abas (Scottish), 1500s–1600s abbase, 1500s– abase. β. Middle English abasche, Middle English abasshet (past participle, in a late copy). Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French abaisser. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman abaiser, abeiser, abeisser, abeischer, abeser, abasser, abessir, Anglo-Norman and Middle French abaisser , abesser, Middle French abaissier, abassier, abbaisser, abaicier (French abaisser ) to humiliate (c1139 in Anglo-Norman), to lower (an object) (c1177 in Old French with reference to a drawbridge), to devalue a currency (late 12th cent.), to subdue (c1201), to remove, subtract, to detract from (both 13th cent. or earlier), to reduce in intensity (a1349), to lower (one's head, face, etc.) (1364), (reflexive) to stoop, bow (c1177) < a- a- prefix⁵ + baisser to lower, to diminish (see base v.¹); in later use with remodelling of the second element after base adj. Compare Old Occitan abaissar, Catalan abaixar (13th cent.), Spanish abajar (early 13th cent. as abaxar), Portuguese abaixar (13th cent.), Italian abassare (13th cent.).In early use showing some formal overlap with the etymologically distinct but semantically close abash v.: see discussion at that entry. The β. forms apparently show the same phonological development seen at -ish suffix² (compare abash v.), although in this case the sequence -iss is part of an unextended stem in French; compare also the Anglo-Norman variant abeischer cited above. 1. transitive. To lower in rank, condition, or character; to humble, humiliate, degrade. In later use chiefly reflexive. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > make humble [verb (transitive)] edmodienc1175 lowc1175 meekc1175 lessa1382 abatec1390 abasea1393 belowc1400 meekenc1400 disadvance?c1425 simplec1450 lowlyc1485 humilea1492 chasten1526 to pare the nails ofa1549 lessen1579 vail1582 to take (something) a hole lower1591 destate1615 humblea1616 thorough-humblea1617 humiliate1656 level1712 unnichea1751 to level up, down1791 unpedestal1821 to take the starch out of1830 the mind > emotion > humility > self-abasement > humble oneself [verb (reflexive)] meekc1175 humblec1380 meekenc1450 lowlyc1485 humiliate1533 abase1539 demean1659 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 2063 (MED) Oure king hath do this thing amis, So to abesse his realte..And humbled him..To hem. c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. l. 4577 (MED) The Gregeis pride Ector abasched. a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. l. 1632 (MED) Þey haue y-mad a Tour ffor to abesen our honour. 1539 C. Tunstall Serm. Palme Sondaye sig. Aii He dyd abase hym selfe, takynge vpon hym the fourme of a seruant. 1570 A. Golding tr. D. Chytræus Postil 346 Chryst the welspring of vnitie and mutuall loue, abased himselfe beneath all men. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. E1^v The grosse and palpable flatterie, whereunto many..haue abbased & abused their wits and pens. View more context for this quotation a1653 H. Binning Serm. (1845) 53 If thy soul rightly discover God, it cannot but abase thee. 1708 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. (1965) I. 2 Heaven..you know delights in abasing the proud. 1749 J. Wesley Let. 4 Jan. (1931) II. 376 A Christian cannot think of the Author of his being without abasing himself before Him. 1834 B. Disraeli Revolutionary Epick i. xl. 66 To level not to raise is all their end. Where all are equal, all must be abased. 1876 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. App. 620 This famous refusal of Rolf to abase himself. 1918 A. G. Gardiner Leaves in Wind 236 We..see the story begin, progress and end..and come away with the discords resolved, virtue exalted and villany abased. 1936 L. C. Douglas White Banners iii. 46 The..apologizer..who had abased himself before..the credit departments of the stores. 1993 Harper's Mag. Sept. 21/2 I watched my colleagues at Berkeley turn from abasing themselves before dean and boards of trustees to abasing themselves before students. 2. transitive. To lower physically; to bring down, make low; (of the eyes, glance, etc.) to direct downwards. In later use chiefly reflexive: to prostrate oneself. Also intransitive in early use: to stoop, bow. Now somewhat archaic.In later use frequently with implication of sense 1. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] besench971 avalec1314 sinka1325 lighta1400 to get downa1450 abasec1450 descenda1475 base1489 fall1595 slopea1616 dimit1628 demit1646 send1657 down1852 dip1879 c1450 tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Lyfe Manhode (Cambr.) (1869) 172 ‘Ladi,’ quod j, ‘here is not water ynowh’..And thanne grace dieu lowe abeescede. 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 12 And Peleus..began to abasse & hange doun his heed. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxiv. 246 Their seruitours speaking or being spoken vnto abbase their eyes in token of lowlines. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. i. sig. N2^v Suddeinly that warriour gan abace His threatned speare. a1616 W. Shakespeare Richard III (1623) i. ii. 233 And will she yet abase [1597 debase] her eyes on me? 1671 W. Salmon Synopsis Medicinæ iii. xxii. 405 It abaseth inflamations and Feavers wonderfully. 1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 680 A Pump..whose Sucker..is raised and abased by two Levers. 1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II Abase, in the Sea Language, is to Lower or Take in. To abase the Flag, is to Take in the Flag. 1848 C. Dickens Dombey & Son xiii. 123 He cast his eyes full on Mr. Dombey with an altered and apologetic look, abased them on the ground, and remained for a moment without speaking. 1870 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. (1873) 2nd Ser. 323 Its delectable mountains which night shall utterly abase and destroy. 1911 H. P. Maskell in F. Storr Half Hundred Hero Tales 325 Aged Oeneus abased himself on the ground..bemoaning that he had lived to see that day. 1987 Manch. Guardian Weekly (Nexis) 12 July 2 How..do you complete your ablutions when the shower sprays you from above and refuses to do anything else? I have tried abasing myself with my posterior elevated. 2009 R. A. Kaster in R. K. Balot Compan. to Greek & Rom. Polit. Thought xx. 314 To kick someone who thus abased himself before you is a mark of monstrous arrogance. 3. transitive. To reduce the price or value of (land, goods, etc.); esp. to debase (currency). Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > fluctuation in price > [verb (transitive)] > lower (price) weaken1530 mitigate1542 abase1551 fall1564 to beat the price1591 to bring down1600 to fetch down1841 degrade1844 to roll back1942 1551 Proclam. Edward VI Abacing Coyne 18 July (single sheet) Bycause hys highnes hath already sumwhat abated the value of his sayde coine, therfore his maiesty should yet more abace it. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 1316 The peece of .ix. pence was abaced to six pence. a1656 J. Hales Serm. at Eton (1673) i. 14 If He that abases the prince's coin deserves to die. 1668 J. Child Brief Observ. Trade 29 The charge of mending our Land would be doubled, and the Land abased to seven or eight years purchase. 1736 T. Carte Hist. Life Duke Ormonde I. 12 The standard of it [sc. the coin] which had been much abased in the time of her father Henry VIII. 1765 A. Ellys Liberty of Subj. in Eng. ii. ii. 67 Henry VIII abased his coin more than the one half of its value. 1893 R. B. Chapman in Rep. Indian Currency Comm. 655 The ancient silver standard money of France has undoubtedly been abased to the rank of tokens, and a tremendous evil this is for France. 1969 R. Graves Beyond Giving ii. 32 Nay, Sirs, though willing To abase the shilling From noble twelvepence To the half of ten, Pray go no further. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † abaseadv. Forms: late Middle English abace, late Middle English abas, 1500s abase. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French a bas. Etymology: < Middle French a bas down, downwards (French à bas ) < a to (see a- prefix⁵) + bas bottom, ground (see base n.¹). Compare abase v. 2. Compare also a- prefix³. Obsolete. Down, low; back. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > low position > [adverb] netherOE downlOE downwardc1225 lowlyc1330 downwards?a1425 low-downc1425 abasea1450 lowera1475 baselya1500 humbly1746 a1450 Lessons of Dirige (Digby) l. 122 in J. Kail 26 Polit. Poems (1904) 111 (MED) From worldis worschipe y am shoue, And broȝt abas from al astat. ?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 156 (MED) The nightyngales..whanne they haue reioysed thaire amerous desyre..make abace melodye, for thei synge no more [Fr. quant le rossignol a jouy de ses amours, il suble]. 1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth iv. sig. C.ii The seller vnder the pantry sette somwhat abase, the kychen set somwhat a base from y^e buttry and pantry. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < v.a1393adv.a1450
随便看	θ83160 θ83161 θ83162 θ83163 θ83164 θ83165 θ83166 θ83167 θ83168 θ83169 θ8317 θ83170 θ83171 θ83172 θ83173 θ83174 θ83175 θ83176 θ83177 θ83178 θ83179 θ8318 θ83180 θ83181 θ83182

abasev.

† abaseadv.