单词 | eddy |
释义 | eddyn. 1. ‘The water that by some interruption in its course, runs contrary to the direction of the tide or current’ (Adm. Smyth); a circular motion in water, a small whirlpool. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > whirlpool > [noun] > small swirlc1425 eddya1525 gurglet1796 back-set1882 setback1912 a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 827 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 121 The barde..Socht watter to wesche him yair out in ane ydy. 1553 J. Brende tr. Q. Curtius Rufus Hist. viii. f. 175 Such as..escaped there enemies, were..drowned with..the Iddyes of the streame. 1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 251 The strong eddy or Whirlepoole of the River..brought it into the Trench. 1684 T. Burnet Theory of Earth i. 131 Those great eddees..that suck into them..whatever comes within their reach. 1728 J. Thomson Spring 41 The Madness of the straiten'd Stream Turns in black Eddies round. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake iii. 105 The wheeling eddies boil. 1882 W. H. White Man. Naval Archit. (ed. 2) 449 It is blunt tails rather than blunt noses that cause eddies. 2. transferred. Wind, fog, dust, etc. moving in a similar way; a circular movement of wind, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > movements and pressure conditions > [noun] > specific movements eddy1815 air drainage1872 outflow1887 divergence1906 advection1910 1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul i. v. 130 Rain..brought..by the eddy in the winds. 1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iii. i. 1 Indicated through circling eddies of fog. 1878 M. A. Brown tr. J. L. Runeberg Nadeschda 22 A dustcloud rolls in eddies forth. 3. figurative. ΚΠ 1791 G. Morris in J. Sparks Corr. Amer. Revol. (1853) IV. 413 There is in the current of their affairs a strong eddy or counter tide. 1817 S. T. Coleridge Biogr. Lit. 147 An eddy of criticism. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xlviii. 71 The lightest wave of thought shall lisp, The fancy's tenderest eddy wreathe. View more context for this quotation 1868 A. P. Stanley Hist. Mem. Westm. Abbey iii. 139 These are but the eddies of the royal history. 1868 F. W. Farrar Seekers after God ii. iv. 231 In the mighty eddies of an unseen, impersonal, mysterious agency. Compounds C1. General attributive. Also eddy-wind n. eddy-breeze n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > blowing > circular movement eddy-wind1626 eddy-breeze1799 1799 Naval Chron. 1 250 Eddy breezes from a hilly shore. eddy-stream n. ΚΠ 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 201 They would rather have an eddy Stream against them. eddy-tide n. ΚΠ 1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. x. 48 An Eddie tide is where the water doth runne backe contrary to the tide. 1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 Aug. 8/2 Owing to the eddy tide these operations were not attended with success. C2. eddy-chamber n. a chamber in which a current of fluid is compelled to whirl in eddies. ΚΠ 1899 Yearbk. U.S. Dept. Agric. 153 W. S. Barnard, working under the direction of Riley, invented the admirable eddy chamber, or ‘cyclone system’ of nozzles. eddy-current n. a current of electricity induced in places where such currents are undesirable and cause waste of energy; also eddy-current brake, eddy loss. ΚΠ a1594 J. White in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1600) III. 291 From the Cape to Virginia..are none but eddie currents. 1887 Jrnl. Soc. Telegraph-engineers & Electricians 16 65 The coil is surrounded..by a circular pole piece, cut away at one point to hinder eddy-currents. 1892 W. P. Maycock Electr. Lighting i. vi. 158 Most armatures of direct current machines have iron cores, and the revolution of the cores in the magnetic field would..cause currents to be induced in the core... These currents [are] called foucault or eddy currents. 1930 Engineering 6 June 724/3 Three systems were in use, operated, respectively, by hydraulic, pneumatic and electro-magnetic (eddy currents in the wheels) means. 1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Eddy-current brake. 1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 281/1 Eddy-current loss. 1943 Electronic Engin. 16 194 If a solid conductor is replaced by a number of insulated strands..it appears obvious at first sight that the eddy current losses must be reduced. eddy-rock n. (see quot.). ΚΠ 1877 A. H. Green Geol. for Students: Physical Geol. (ed. 2) iv. §1. 124 Rock possessing this [Current-Bedding] structure is sometimes called Eddy-Rock by quarrymen and well-sinkers. eddy-water n. (also eddy W. H. Smyth) the dead water under a ship's counter. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). eddyv. 1. intransitive. To move in an eddy or eddies: said of water and objects borne on water; also of air, vapour, etc., and transferred of birds on the wing. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > revolve or rotate [verb (intransitive)] > swirl or eddy purl1594 eddy1810 swirl1858 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 21 Eddying, in almost viewless wave, The weeping willow twig to lave. 1813 W. Scott Bridal of Triermain iii. vii. 136 The unwonted sound, Eddying in echoes round and round. 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple II. ii. 30 The wind was high,..sweeping in the rain in every direction as it eddyed to and fro. 1844 tr. M. T. Asmar Mem. Babylonian Princess II. 91 Large hungry eagles..eddying far above into the regions of air. 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. xxviii. 285 A flat cake of ice eddied round near the floe we were upon. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. §14. 97 The vapour..eddying wildly in the air. 2. transitive. To whirl round in eddies. Also with in: to collect as into an eddy (rare). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > revolve or rotate [verb (transitive)] > swirl or eddy swirl1513 eddy1730 1730 J. Thomson Autumn in Seasons 141 The circling mountains eddy in, From the bare wild, the dissipated storm. 1858 Sat. Rev. 6 113/1 How are we to tell that a comet..may not get eddyed (so to speak) by some great planet? 1878 S. Smiles Robert Dick iv. 28 The water is churned and eddied about. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1525v.1730 |
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