单词 | egyptian |
释义 | Egyptianadj.n. A. adj. 1. a. Belonging or relating to Egypt. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Africa > [adjective] > North Africa > Egypt Memphiticc1450 Memphitec1475 Egyptiacal?1567 Memphitical1581 Memphian1605 Egyptiac1635 Egyptian1646 1646 R. Crashaw Steps to Temple 129 Th' Egyptian Pyramids themselves must live. 1715 tr. D. Gregory Elements Astron. I. ii. §11. 245 The Egyptian, Julian, and Gregorian [year]. 1885 G. Rawlinson Egypt & Babylon 223 No trace has been found of camels in the Egyptian monuments. 1891 N.E.D. at Egyptian Mod. The recent Egyptian campaign. He speculated in Egyptian bonds. b. figurative. In Biblical allusions, as Egyptian bondage: bondage like that of the Israelites in Egypt; Egyptian darkness: intense darkness (see Exodus x. 22); also, †Egyptian days: the two days in each month which were believed to be unlucky. ΘΚΠ the world > time > period > a day or twenty-four hours > [noun] > unlucky day(s) Egyptian days1398 the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > time of > day or days dismalc1300 Egyptian days1398 cross-days1555 dog day1555 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) ix. xxi. 358 For there ben xxiiij Egypcyans dayes it folowyth that god sente mo wreches vpon the Egypcyens than ten. c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 93 A waytiþ not þeis Egipcian daies, (þat we call dysmal). 1641 R. Greville Disc. Nature Episcopacie ii. iv. 76 A Glympse that might Enlighten them in the midst of Egyptian darknesse. 1659 J. Milton Let. Rupture Commonw. in Wks. (1698) II. 779 A part of the Nation were desperately conspir'd to call back again thir Egytian Bondage. 1855 J. S. C. Abbott Hist. Napoleon II. viii. 133 It was a night of Egyptian darkness. 2. Mineralogy Egyptian jasper n., † Egyptian pebble n. Obsolete a brown mottled jasper from Egypt. ΚΠ 1771 J. Hill Fossils 226 Egyptian Pebble. 1804 R. Jameson Mineral. I. 230 Egyptian Jasper. 1884 J. D. Dana Mineral. 195 Egyptian Jasper. 3. = Gypsy n. humorous. ΚΠ 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones IV. xii. xiii. 295 Mr. Jones..took Leave of his Egyptian Majesty. View more context for this quotation 4. Printing. Egyptian type (letters, figures): a particular kind of type distinguished by the thickness of the stems; also as quasi-n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > relating to type > style of type > [noun] > type face or font > others script1779 Baskerville1802 Egyptian type (letters, figures)1855 hand lettering1864 Garamond1868 runic1869 outline1878 Bodoni type1880 hairline letter1888 bold-face1889 Cheltenham1910 in-line1923 slab serif1924 Bembo1930 Times New Roman1932 Times1957 manifolderc1961 Times Roman1963 1855 J. Gordon Interest Tables Pref. 7 The introduction of Egyptian figures at the tens..will..give increased facility to the eye in running over the columns. 1859 H. Beadnell Guide Typogr. ii. 35 Types are..distinguished according to the information..of the letter..[as]..Roman, Italic..Egyptian. Categories » 5. Zoology Egyptian cobra n. see cobra n. B. n. 1. A native of Egypt. Often figurative with allusion to the aspect in which the Egyptians appear in the Bible. to spoil the Egyptians: cf. Exodus xii. 36. ΚΠ 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) ix. iii. 347 Amonge the Egypcyens the yere was tokenyd by a dragon paynted bytynge his owne taylle. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Isa. xix. 21 Egipcions schulen knowe the Lord. c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 73 Decretistis, as to þat part of wysdam þat þei haue of þe worldis wisdam, are Egipciens. a1658 J. Cleveland Rustick Rampant in Wks. (1687) 422 All without the Fold of the Godly were Ægyptians. 1828 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 24 323 The..abhorrence of the Ægyptians for these barbarous Iconoclasts. 1891 N.E.D. at Egyptian Mod. The manners of the ancient Egyptians. 2. = Gypsy n. and adj. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > race > nomads > [noun] > Gipsies or Romanies > person gyptian1533 Egyptian1538 Bohemian1574 Gypsy1574 tinker1575 Zingani1581 Zingaro1600 moonman1608 faw1756 vagabond1756 Zingara1756 gitano1761 gitanac1770 nomade1798 Roman1800 Romani1800 Tzigane1802 Zigeuner1802 Sinti1827 piker1838 pikey1838 Rom1841 Zincalo1841 Romanichal1843 nomadian1847 Romany chai1851 didicoi1853 Bedouin1863 gyppo1868 gyp1886 1538 A. Fitzherbert Newe Bk. Justyces Peas 98 b It is ordayned agaynste people callynge themselves Egypcyans, that no such persons be suffred to come within this realme. 1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 179 For the better triall of..maisterfull beggers, fenȝeit foolis, counterfit Egyptians. 1697 View Penal Laws 310 If any Transports into England or Wales, any lewd People, calling themselves Egyptians, they forfeit 40l. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones IV. xii. xii. 283 A Company of Egyptians, or as they are vulgarly called Gypsies. View more context for this quotation 3. plural. In late 19th-century use = Egyptian stocks: securities issued by the Egyptian government. 4. The Hamitic language of Egypt. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Afro-Asiatic > [noun] > Egyptian Egyptian1556 1556 A. Vele in R. Robinson tr. T. More Utopia (ed. 2) Printer to Rdr. sig. Sviii It is a tongue to vs muche straunger then the Indian, the Persian,..the Arabicke, the Egyptian, the Macedonian. 1646 J. Gregory Notes & Observ. To Rdr. sig. ¶2 This Booke of ours..may be read in..Copticke or Ægyptian. 1842 Visitor or Monthly Instructor 409/1 It ain't Greek at all: except, perhaps a few words. What ain't Greek is Egyptian; and what ain't Egyptian is Greek. 1857 S. Birch in J. G. Wilkinson Egyptians 182 Enlightened rulers prided themselves in speaking foreign tongues... Cleopatra spoke seven, Egyptian among the number. 1875 W. D. Whitney Life & Growth Lang. 254 In this [sc. ‘Hamitic’] family, the Egyptian occupies the same commanding position as the Chinese. 1877 Encycl. Brit. VII. 721/2 The inscribed and written character of Egyptian was the hieroglyphic. 1960 S. Potter Lang. in Mod. World viii. 112 It is customary to divide the history of Egyptian into three periods; Old or hieroglyphic, Middle or hieratic, and New or demotic. 5. a. A mother-of-pearl shell from Egypt. ΚΠ 1885 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 447/2 The Arabs still obtain from this district [sc. Jiddah and Koseir] a quantity of mother-of-pearl shells, which are shipped from Alexandria, and come into the market as ‘Egyptians’. b. An Egyptian cigarette. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > articles or materials used in smoking > [noun] > thing which may be smoked > cigarette > other types of cigarette Russian cigarette1851 papirosa1856 Egyptian1892 Russian1892 tickler1904 joystick1911 gyppy1920 king-size1920 Sobranie1923 virgin1923 Turk1926 roll-your-own1932 ready roll1949 roll-up1950 filter1956 filterless1956 rollie1964 Virginia1964 untipped1968 primo1986 1892 Whitehall Rev. 22 Oct. 8/1 She could tell Russians from Egyptians, and sometimes took a mild Havannah with her B and S in the smoking-room. 1905 Westm. Gaz. 28 Oct. 10/2 A box of Egyptians. 1965 P. Robinson Pakistani Agent viii. 107 I only smoke Egyptians, thank you. Compounds C1. Botany. Categories » Egyptian bean n. perhaps the fruit of Nelumbium speciosum. Egyptian lily n. the white arum, or trumpet lily, Zantedeschia æthiopica; = calla n. (b). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > arum lily calla1601 Richardia1831 Egyptian lily1847 pig lily1848 arum lily1856 trumpet-lily1857 1847 A. H. Lincoln Familiar Lect. Bot. (new ed.) xxxvi. 191 The elegant exotic, Calla ethiopica, or Egyptian lily. 1959 R. M. Carleton Index Common Names Herbaceous Plants 41/2 Egyptian-lily, Agapanthus africanus (A. umbellatus); Zantedeschia (Richardia). Categories » Egyptian lotus n. = Nymphæa Lotus. Egyptian millet n. Pennisetum spicatum. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > cereal, corn, or grain > [noun] > millet > other types of millet panic?1440 panicle1577 Turkey mill1597 panicum1739 ragi1788 tocusso1790 Egyptian millet1829 eleusine1836 shamalo1846 marua1847 moha1855 shama1874 jungle-rice1886 fonio1903 1829 Virginia Herald (Fredericksburg, Va.) 25 Apr. 2/4 The leaves are of a beautiful green—long, narrow, dagger shaped, not unlike those of the Egyptian millet. 1864 Chambers's Encycl. VI. 461/2 Penicillaria spicata, or Pennisetum typhoideum, is very extensively cultivated in Africa... It often receives the names Egyptian Millet and Guinea Corn. 1883 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 321/1 Bajree, sometimes also called Egyptian Millet, a Guinea corn. 1907 L. H. Bailey Cycl. Amer. Agric. II. 471/1 Various other names have been applied to this plant, such as penicillaria, cat-tail millet, Egyptian millet. Egyptian onion n. a form of the common onion, Allium cepa aggregatum. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > onion, leek, or garlic > [noun] > onion > types of onion hollekec1000 scallion1393 sybow1574 Portugal onion1647 shallot1664 Spanish onion1706 eschalot1707 Welsh onion1731 Reading onion1784 onionet1820 potato onion1822 tripoli1822 ramps1828 escalion1847 stone-leek1861 Egyptian onion1880 cocktail onion1927 Maui onion1967 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > onion, leek, or garlic > onion > other types of onion hollekec1000 chibol1362 scallion1393 oniona1398 chesbollc1410 oinet?1440 red onionc1450 sybow1574 green onion1577 Strasbourg onion1629 cibol1632 Portugal onion1647 Spanish onion1706 Welsh onion1731 spring onion1758 Reading1784 rareripe1788 yellow onion1816 onionet1820 potato onion1822 tripoli1822 escalion1847 stone-leek1861 Egyptian onion1880 ramp1885 multiplier1907 ramps1939 Vidalia1969 tree onion- 1880 Encycl. Brit. XII. 285/1 The Tree Onion or Egyptian Onion..produces small bulbs instead of flowers. 1959 R. M. Carleton Index Common Names Herbaceous Plants 41/2 Egyptian onion, Allium cepa. Egyptian pea n. the chickpea n., Cicer arietinum. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > chick-pea or lentil > chick-pea or lentil plant Egyptian pea1866 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 282 C[icer] arietinum is the Chick~pea, or Egyptian Pea of the English. Egyptian privet n. the henna n. of the East, bearing panicles of small white sweet-scented flowers. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants used in dyeing > trees or shrubs yielding dyes > [noun] > henna plants cyprea1382 alcanna1526 henna1662 mehndi1813 Egyptian privet1825 the world > matter > colour > named colours > orange > colouring matter > [noun] > dyes alcanna1526 henna1600 Egyptian privet1825 aurantia1877 tropaeolin1878 tartrazine1894 1825 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Agric. §1057 The henné or Egyptian privet. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 928/2 Privet, Barren, Rhamnus Alaternus. ——, Egyptian, Lawsonia alba. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 665/2 Henna is the Persian name..in England it is often called Egyptian Privet. 1877 Encycl. Brit. VII. 710/2 Lawsonia alba, or Egyptian privet, which is said to be a flower of Paradise. 1880 Encycl. Brit. XI. 654/1 [Henna] is called Egyptian privet. 1956 Colour Index (ed. 2) I. 1751 The powdered dried leaves of the Egyptian privet. Categories » Egyptian rose n. (a) Scabiosa arvensis L.; (b) Scabiosa atropurpurea L. Categories » Egyptian thorn n. Cratægus Pyracantha C2. Egyptian binding n. (see quot. 1728). ΚΠ 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Bookbinding The Manner of binding Books in Volumes, i. e. of sewing the Leaves together, to roll 'em on round Pieces or Cylinders of Wood, appears the most Antient.., which we may call Egyptian binding. Egyptian cotton n. a cotton of fine quality developed in Egypt. ΚΠ 1877 Encycl. Brit. VI. 485/1 The new description of Egyptian cotton has since been known by the name ‘Jumel’ in France. 1957 Economist 28 Sept. 1012/2 France did a backdoor deal for Egyptian cotton. Egyptian pound n. (see pound n.1 2d). Egyptian wheel n. (see quots.). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > for raising water > wheel for raising water waterwheel1591 Persian wheel1649 sakia1687 noria1696 Egyptian wheel1793 bucket-wheel1797 tabut1836 pot-wheel1852 tympan1858 irrigation-wheel1864 spider-wheel1868 tympanum1875 1793 Descr. Estate of Culross 9 Sir George Bruce erected machinery, consisting of the Egyptian wheel, commonly called chain and bucket, to drain the Coal to the dip of the old workings. 1867 M. E. Herbert Cradle Lands vii. 196 A well of water worked by a thoroughly Egyptian wheel. 1880 Encycl. Brit. XII. 435/1 The Egyptian Wheel or Noria. Egyptian wind n. (see quot.) ΚΠ 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXII. 187/2 In the Gulf of Suez the westerly, or ‘Egyptian’, wind occurs frequently during winter. Derivatives Eˈgyptianize v. (a) intransitive, to act like an Egyptian; to adopt Egyptian practices; (b) transitive, to make like an Egyptian or the Egyptians; (c) to develop a country or district according to the methods adopted in Egypt; in later use, see quot. 1958. ΚΠ 1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity vi. 17 It was..wickedness..to Ægyptianize in the adoration of the God of Israel. 1899 Westm. Gaz. 4 Aug. 9/1 Were we prepared to..begin the work of Egyptianising the Yangtse Valley? 1958 Britannica Bk. of Year 1957 519/1 Egyptianize, meaning to nationalize foreign holdings in the manner of the Egyptian government in 1956. 1959 Daily Tel. 3 Mar. 16/3 The U.A.R. government is paying to the British Government a lump sum of £27,500,000 in compensation for British private property Egyptianised, that is nationalised or compulsorily acquired. Eˈgyptianized adj. ΚΠ 1851 H. W. Torrens in Jrnl. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 1850 19 9 The existence of an Egyptianised race. 1959 Times 24 Mar. 15/4 The 4,500 registered owners of sequestrated or Egyptianized property will wish to go to Egypt to recover their property or assess their loss. 1962 Listener 1 Mar. 366/2 The new ‘Egyptianized’ middle class which the regime has put into power. Eˈgyptianism n. Egyptian characteristics, inclination to Egyptian customs. ΚΠ 1827 G. S. Faber Origin Expiat. Sacrifice 268 God's condescension to the Egyptianism of the Israelites. 1847 G. Grote Hist. Greece III. ii. xx. 442 This dynasty [Psammetichus's] had too little of pure Egyptianism in them to find favour with the priests. Draft additions 1993 Egyptian black n. Ceramics ‘basaltes’ or black ware (see black adj. 8. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > pottery of specific colour white ware1577 yellow ware1764 pearl white1779 cream-ware1780 Egyptian black1784 greyware1793 agateware1817 pearl pottery1825 brown ware1836 pearlware1842 black pot1851 cane colour1866 tortoiseshell ware1879 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > porcelain > English porcelain > by Wedgwood Egyptian black1784 bamboo1787 jasper1825 jasper-pottery1825 basalt1832 jasper-ware1863 mortar ware1865 1784 W. Bailey Bailey's Brit. Directory II. 390 Keeling, Anthony, Manufacturer of Queen's Ware in general, blue painted and enamelled Egyptian Black, Tunstal, near Burslem. 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 469 In different parts of the oven..rings of Egyptian black clay are placed, as trials, by which an experienced fireman can tell how much longer the process must be carried on. 1965 Finer & Savage Sel. Lett. J. Wedgwood 76 A solid black body was introduced in Staffordshire in the early years of the eighteenth century, and came to be known as ‘Egyptian black’. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1398 |
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