enforcementn.

/ɛnˈfɔːsmənt/

Forms: Also 1500s–1700s in-.

Etymology: < Old French enforcement: see enforce v. and -ment suffix.

The action or process of enforcing.

†1. The action or process of increasing the strength of anything (esp. an armed force, etc.); concrete a reinforcement. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [noun] > reinforcing

stuffing1533

supplement1548

renforcing1566

reinforcing1606

reinforcement1609

re-enforcing1611

reincrew1627

enforcement1643

recruit1645

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > reinforcements

succour?c1225

over-numbera1450

supplies1488

supplement1548

re-enforce1618

recrew1619

recruit1635

reinforcement1641

enforcement1643

reinforce1648

sustainer1708

re-enforcement1718

supporter1796

stiffening1900

1643 W. Prynne Soveraigne Power Parl. iv. 35 Such a force of Irish Rebels now ready to be shipped..for their assistance and enforcement.

1682 W. Temple Mem. in Wks. (1731) I. 406 The Prince of Conde was sent in haste out of Flanders, with a great Enforcement.

1763 Ann. Reg. 1762 Acct. of Bks. 250/1 Something equivalent to those enforcements and lowering of sounds which gives such a pleasant variety.

†2. Energetic activity; an effort. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [noun] > instance of > an effort

diligence1443

enforcement1551

1551 R. Record Pathway to Knowl. To Rdr. To accomplishe so haulte an enforcement.

1557 W. Baldwin & T. Palfreyman Treat. Morall Philos. (new ed.) To Rdr. sig. A.viii^v Their busy enforcement, hath kindled in others the like hatred and contempt.

3. The urging a demand, pressing home an argument, representation, or statement.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > pressure or urgency > [noun]

enforcing138.

enforcement1586

1586 A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. sig. F4^v Forcible reasons, enforcements, rebukes, and perswasions.

1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xxxiii. 625 What inforcements..too perswade men?

a1634 W. Austin Devotionis Augustinianæ Flamma (1635) 165 These preach (as St. John, after, did;) using the same manner of Enforcement.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 162. §10 Persuaded the tenants..to entreat his enforcement of their representations.

1861 S. Smiles Lives Engineers II. 160 It cost him many years of arguing, illustration, and enforcement.

1880 E. White Certainty in Relig. 54 How large a space is occupied with the enforcement of this claim.

†4. The action of bringing force to bear upon, doing violence to, or overcoming by force (a person or thing). Also figurative a strained interpretation (of words). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > [noun] > violent treatment or force

strong handOE

strengthOE

strenghc1300

violencec1300

mightc1325

stuntisea1327

forcea1340

enforcing138.

forcinga1382

forcenessc1400

violation?c1500

efforce1549

enforcement1577

Stafford law1589

vexation1605

club-law1612

aspertee1660

physical force1716

strong arm1836

savaging1858

muscle1879

strong-arming1906

1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1702/2 Where he did so much by batterie and other kinds of inforcement.

1583 W. Fulke Def. Transl. Script. Answ. Pref. §10. 28 I marvel at your bold assertions, and abhor your impudent enforcements.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 i. i. 120 As the thing thats heauy in it selfe, Vpon enforcement flies with greatest speed.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Richard III (1623) iii. vii. 8 And his enforcement of the Citie Wiues.

5. Constraint, compulsion; a constraining or compelling influence. rare in modern use.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > [noun]

needeOE

distressc1384

force1387

stressc1390

artingc1400

coactionc1400

constrainauncec1400

compulsion1462

enforcement1477

coercion1495

forcement1524

enforcing1531

strain1532

constraint1533

coercement1592

constrainment1593

duress1596

compulse1616

obligement1641

cogency1702

coercive control1827

steamrolling1879

compression1880

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 25 He dremed of his lady for thenforcement of loue.

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Mark f. 41 The soule..throughe thenforcement of disease had forsaken the bodye.

1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 57 b Often tymes the soldiour saieth, his capitaines biddyng was his enforcement.

1670 J. Milton Hist. Brit. iii. 124 For any enforcement, that Artur with all his Chivalry could make.

1820 J. Keats Ode to Psyche in Lamia & Other Poems 117 O Goddess! hear these tuneless numbers, wrung By sweet enforcement.

a1845 T. Hood Lamia vii, in W. Jerdan Autobiogr. (1852) I. 292 By thy own enforcement—[I] come to force thee, Being passion-mad.

6. The forcible exaction of a payment, an action, etc.; the enforcing or compelling the fulfilment of (a law, demand, obligation); †concrete a means of enforcing, a ‘sanction’.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > [noun] > compelling the fulfilment or performance of

enforcement1609

exacting1666

exaction1674

exactment1808

1609 S. Daniel Civile Wares (rev. ed.) iv. lxiv. 103 Though hee had those inforcements of expence, Both for offence, retaynements, and defence.

1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 13 To see the ruine of our Protestation, and the inforcement of a slavish life.

1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xxi. 129 The Rewards and Punishments..which the Almighty has established as the Enforcements of his Law.

1756 E. Burke Vindic. Nat. Society 103 Is it consistent with the Divine Wisdom to prescribe Rules to us, and leave the Enforcement of them to the Folly of human Institutions?

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 39 The occasion seemed to require an enforcement of domestic discipline.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People iii. §7. 150 [The] weakness [of the Charter] in providing no means for the enforcement of its own stipulations.

Compounds

C1. attributive (sense 6) enforcement officer, enforcement staff, enforcement work.

ΚΠ

1946 How Britain was fed in War Time (Min. of Food) iv. 40 At the end of 1944 there were 415 Ministry of Food Statutory Orders in force... The wide new field of offences resulting from the Ministry's Orders made it necessary to appoint a special enforcement staff.

1947 Evening News 17 Dec. 1/1 After weeks of secret inquiry by his enforcement staff, Mr. Strachey [Minister of Food] has..been presented with a report.

1947 Evening News 17 Dec. 1/1 All Ministry enforcement officers are now empowered to search premises and confiscate any meat suspected of having been illegally killed.

1948 Hansard Commons 11 Mar. 1405 Eighty-four inspectors are employed on all forms of enforcement work.

1959 Times 17 July 8/3 Devon County Council agreed to spend £500 on the appointment of four plain clothes litter wardens... The wardens, officially called enforcement officers, will be in action for eight weeks.

C2.

enforcement notice n. the official notification from a local planning authority that a particular development is considered to be in breach of planning legislation, and requiring that the breach be remedied within a specified time.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > notification > of breach of planning

enforcement notice1947

1947 Town & Country Planning Act 10 & 11 Geo 6 c. 51 § 23(2) Any notice served under this section (hereinafter called an ‘enforcement notice’) shall specify the development which is alleged to have been carried out without the grant of..permission.

1976 Southern Evening Echo (Southampton) 2 Nov. 18/4 A Cadnam man, who failed to obey enforcement notices served on him by New Forest District Council, was summoned at Totton court.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	enforcement
释义	enforcementn. /ɛnˈfɔːsmənt/ Forms: Also 1500s–1700s in-. Etymology: < Old French enforcement: see enforce v. and -ment suffix. The action or process of enforcing. †1. The action or process of increasing the strength of anything (esp. an armed force, etc.); concrete a reinforcement. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [noun] > reinforcing stuffing1533 supplement1548 renforcing1566 reinforcing1606 reinforcement1609 re-enforcing1611 reincrew1627 enforcement1643 recruit1645 society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > reinforcements succour?c1225 over-numbera1450 supplies1488 supplement1548 re-enforce1618 recrew1619 recruit1635 reinforcement1641 enforcement1643 reinforce1648 sustainer1708 re-enforcement1718 supporter1796 stiffening1900 1643 W. Prynne Soveraigne Power Parl. iv. 35 Such a force of Irish Rebels now ready to be shipped..for their assistance and enforcement. 1682 W. Temple Mem. in Wks. (1731) I. 406 The Prince of Conde was sent in haste out of Flanders, with a great Enforcement. 1763 Ann. Reg. 1762 Acct. of Bks. 250/1 Something equivalent to those enforcements and lowering of sounds which gives such a pleasant variety. †2. Energetic activity; an effort. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [noun] > instance of > an effort diligence1443 enforcement1551 1551 R. Record Pathway to Knowl. To Rdr. To accomplishe so haulte an enforcement. 1557 W. Baldwin & T. Palfreyman Treat. Morall Philos. (new ed.) To Rdr. sig. A.viii^v Their busy enforcement, hath kindled in others the like hatred and contempt. 3. The urging a demand, pressing home an argument, representation, or statement. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > pressure or urgency > [noun] enforcing138. enforcement1586 1586 A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. sig. F4^v Forcible reasons, enforcements, rebukes, and perswasions. 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xxxiii. 625 What inforcements..too perswade men? a1634 W. Austin Devotionis Augustinianæ Flamma (1635) 165 These preach (as St. John, after, did;) using the same manner of Enforcement. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 162. §10 Persuaded the tenants..to entreat his enforcement of their representations. 1861 S. Smiles Lives Engineers II. 160 It cost him many years of arguing, illustration, and enforcement. 1880 E. White Certainty in Relig. 54 How large a space is occupied with the enforcement of this claim. †4. The action of bringing force to bear upon, doing violence to, or overcoming by force (a person or thing). Also figurative a strained interpretation (of words). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > [noun] > violent treatment or force strong handOE strengthOE strenghc1300 violencec1300 mightc1325 stuntisea1327 forcea1340 enforcing138. forcinga1382 forcenessc1400 violation?c1500 efforce1549 enforcement1577 Stafford law1589 vexation1605 club-law1612 aspertee1660 physical force1716 strong arm1836 savaging1858 muscle1879 strong-arming1906 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1702/2 Where he did so much by batterie and other kinds of inforcement. 1583 W. Fulke Def. Transl. Script. Answ. Pref. §10. 28 I marvel at your bold assertions, and abhor your impudent enforcements. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 i. i. 120 As the thing thats heauy in it selfe, Vpon enforcement flies with greatest speed. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Richard III (1623) iii. vii. 8 And his enforcement of the Citie Wiues. 5. Constraint, compulsion; a constraining or compelling influence. rare in modern use. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > [noun] needeOE distressc1384 force1387 stressc1390 artingc1400 coactionc1400 constrainauncec1400 compulsion1462 enforcement1477 coercion1495 forcement1524 enforcing1531 strain1532 constraint1533 coercement1592 constrainment1593 duress1596 compulse1616 obligement1641 cogency1702 coercive control1827 steamrolling1879 compression1880 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 25 He dremed of his lady for thenforcement of loue. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Mark f. 41 The soule..throughe thenforcement of disease had forsaken the bodye. 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 57 b Often tymes the soldiour saieth, his capitaines biddyng was his enforcement. 1670 J. Milton Hist. Brit. iii. 124 For any enforcement, that Artur with all his Chivalry could make. 1820 J. Keats Ode to Psyche in Lamia & Other Poems 117 O Goddess! hear these tuneless numbers, wrung By sweet enforcement. a1845 T. Hood Lamia vii, in W. Jerdan Autobiogr. (1852) I. 292 By thy own enforcement—[I] come to force thee, Being passion-mad. 6. The forcible exaction of a payment, an action, etc.; the enforcing or compelling the fulfilment of (a law, demand, obligation); †concrete a means of enforcing, a ‘sanction’. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > [noun] > compelling the fulfilment or performance of enforcement1609 exacting1666 exaction1674 exactment1808 1609 S. Daniel Civile Wares (rev. ed.) iv. lxiv. 103 Though hee had those inforcements of expence, Both for offence, retaynements, and defence. 1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 13 To see the ruine of our Protestation, and the inforcement of a slavish life. 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xxi. 129 The Rewards and Punishments..which the Almighty has established as the Enforcements of his Law. 1756 E. Burke Vindic. Nat. Society 103 Is it consistent with the Divine Wisdom to prescribe Rules to us, and leave the Enforcement of them to the Folly of human Institutions? 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 39 The occasion seemed to require an enforcement of domestic discipline. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People iii. §7. 150 [The] weakness [of the Charter] in providing no means for the enforcement of its own stipulations. Compounds C1. attributive (sense 6) enforcement officer, enforcement staff, enforcement work. ΚΠ 1946 How Britain was fed in War Time (Min. of Food) iv. 40 At the end of 1944 there were 415 Ministry of Food Statutory Orders in force... The wide new field of offences resulting from the Ministry's Orders made it necessary to appoint a special enforcement staff. 1947 Evening News 17 Dec. 1/1 After weeks of secret inquiry by his enforcement staff, Mr. Strachey [Minister of Food] has..been presented with a report. 1947 Evening News 17 Dec. 1/1 All Ministry enforcement officers are now empowered to search premises and confiscate any meat suspected of having been illegally killed. 1948 Hansard Commons 11 Mar. 1405 Eighty-four inspectors are employed on all forms of enforcement work. 1959 Times 17 July 8/3 Devon County Council agreed to spend £500 on the appointment of four plain clothes litter wardens... The wardens, officially called enforcement officers, will be in action for eight weeks. C2. enforcement notice n. the official notification from a local planning authority that a particular development is considered to be in breach of planning legislation, and requiring that the breach be remedied within a specified time. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > notification > of breach of planning enforcement notice1947 1947 Town & Country Planning Act 10 & 11 Geo 6 c. 51 § 23(2) Any notice served under this section (hereinafter called an ‘enforcement notice’) shall specify the development which is alleged to have been carried out without the grant of..permission. 1976 Southern Evening Echo (Southampton) 2 Nov. 18/4 A Cadnam man, who failed to obey enforcement notices served on him by New Forest District Council, was summoned at Totton court. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1477
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