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单词 ember
释义

embern.1

Brit. /ˈɛmbə/, U.S. /ˈɛmbər/
Forms: Old English ǽmerge, Middle English aym-, em, eemer, Middle English eymbre, eymbery, ymbre, 1500s plural embries, emmers, Scottish amer-, ammer-, amyrris,) 1500s ymber, 1500s–1600s imber, 1800s dialect yummer.
Etymology: Old English ǽmerge weak feminine, corresponds to Old High German eimuria (Middle High German eimere), Old Norse eimyrja (Danish emmer, Swedish mörja) < Old Germanic *aimuzjôn-; for the suffix compare Gothic jukuzi (stem jukuzjâ-) yoke. The Middle English forms with ay- ey- point to adoption < Old Norse rather than to descent from Old English. The disappearance of the vowel of the original second syllable occasioned the insertion of the euphonic b, normal between m and r.
1. A small piece of live coal or wood in a half-extinguished fire. Chiefly in plural: The smouldering ashes of a fire.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > products of burning > [noun] > ember
gleedc950
emberc1000
cinder1535
grieshoch1802
c1000 Ags. Leechdoms III. 30 Nim ðu clatan moran..& berec hy on hate æmergean.
?c1390 Form of Cury in Warner Antiq. Culin. 15 Take chyches, and..lay hem in hoot aymers.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum x. ix (Tollem. MS.) Also fyry emeris [1535 emers; 1582 embers] is rauischid and meuid upwarde by rauischynge of wynde.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 136 Eymbre, hote aschys [1499 eymery or synder, hote asshes], pruna.
c1450 Mirk's Festial 254 Our old faders wolden ete þes dayes kakes bakyn yn þe ymbres.
a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vi. iii. 137 The reliqueis and the dry ammeris syne Thai sloknyt.
1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. v. 72 They feede them [children] with..rootes, rosted in the embries.
1580 J. Florio tr. J. Cartier Shorte Narr. Two Nauigations Newe Fraunce 20 They heate it [flesh] a little vppon imbers of coles.
1588 T. Kyd tr. T. Tasso Housholders Philos. f. 21 She gins the ymbers vp to rake.
1645 J. Milton Il Penseroso in Poems 40 Glowing Embers..Teach light to counterfeit a gloom.
1719 E. Young Busiris i. 6 Sleeping Embers, which will rise in Flames.
1838–42 T. Arnold Hist. Rome II. xxxvii. 475 Only the expiring embers of a great fire.
a1849 E. A. Poe Raven Each separate dying ember Wrought its ghost upon the floor.
1874 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David IV. Ps. cii. 3 The last comforting ember is quenched.
2. figurative.
ΚΠ
1641 W. S. in More's Hist. Edward V (new ed.) Ep. Ded. sig. A3 To revive that which hath for a long time been raked up in the embers of oblivion.
1650 R. Stapleton tr. F. Strada De Bello Belgico i. 20 But the secret lay not long in the Embers.
1787 J. Bentham Def. Usury xiii. 178 Success does not..arise out of the embers of ill success.
1874 G. Bancroft Footpr. of Time i. 97 The embers of independence..broke forth in war.

Compounds

ember-bread n. (see quot. 1681; but the statement is apparently a fiction to explain ember-day n. at ember n.2 Compounds.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > [noun] > other types of bread
sergeant-loafa1348
clear-matin1362
bean-breadc1380
French bread1420
pease-breada1425
bran-breadc1425
grey breadc1430
angels' breadc1440
dough bread?a1500
baker's bread?1550
acorn bread1571
cart-bread1574
chapter-bread1600
diet-bread1617
ember-bread1681
buff coat1688
bust-coat1706
Picentine bread1712
chestnut-bread1814
naan1828
gluten-bread1846
to-bread1854
batch-bread1862
injera1868
coffee cake1879
pan dulce1882
quick bread1882
sour bread1884
Tommy1895
focaccia1905
hard-dough bread1911
hush puppy1918
potica1927
spoon bread1932
bake1933
pitta1936
hard-dough1966
pain de campagne1970
pocket bread1973
ciabatta1985
pain au levain1985
levain1991
1681 G. Wharton Fasts & Festivals in Wks. (1683) 30 A Cake baked under the Embers or Ashes, which was called..Ember-bread.
1796 S. Pegge Anonymiana (1809) 135.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

embern.2

Brit. /ˈɛmbə/, U.S. /ˈɛmbər/
Forms: Now only attributive Old English ymbren, 1500s–1700s embring, embryng, 1500s imbring, ymbring, 1500s–1600s imbering, embering. β. in combinations Middle English umbri-(ü), ymbri-, Middle English ymber-, Middle English embyr-, ymbre-, 1500s embre-, ( amber-, ymbar-), 1600s– ember.
Etymology: The Old English ymbren (apparently neuter: plural ymbren), perhaps a corruption (due to attributive use) of Old English ymbryne (masculine), period, revolution of time, < ymb about, round + ryne course, running. It seems however not wholly impossible that the word may have been due to popular etymology working upon some Vulgar Latin corruption of quatuor tempora; compare German quatember Ember-tide; for the possibility of Old English mb for Latin mp, and for the suffix, compare Old English ęmbren from Latin amp(h)ora. The Old Norse imbru(-dagar), Old Swedish ymber(-dagar) appear to be < English; Old Swedish had also tamper-dagar < tempora.
The English name of the four periods of fasting and prayer (Latin quatuor tempora) appointed by the Church to be observed respectively in the four seasons of the year. Each of these fasts occupies three days, viz. a Wednesday and the following Friday and Saturday; these are called Ember days, and the weeks in which they occur are called Ember weeks. Since the Council of Placentia a.d. 1095, the Ember days have been the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday next following (1) the first Sunday in Lent, (2) Whitsunday, (3) Holy Cross Day, 14 September, (4) St. Lucia's Day, 13 December. In the Roman Church the Ember-Saturdays, and in the Church of England the Sundays immediately following, are the days on which ordinations usually take place.
† As an independent noun; = ember-day n. at Compounds (only in α forms). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > liturgical year > fast > [noun] > period of > recurrent, Ember days
emberc1000
ember-daya1036
ember-fasta1036
quater tempsc1430
ember-Friday1584
ember-eve1609
quarter tense1869
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke viii. 40 (rubric) Ðis sceal on frigedæg on þære pentecostenes wucan to þam ymbrene.
c1010 Laws of Æthelred (Thorpe) VI. xxiii Ymbren & fæstena.
c1010 Laws of Æthelred (Thorpe) VI. xxv Heah-freolsdagum & riht-ymbrenum.
1547 W. Salesbury Dict. Eng. & Welshe Katcor [i.e. cadgor, a fast], Embryng.
1580 T. Tusser Fiue Hundred Pointes Good Husbandrie (new ed.) f. 13 Keepe Embrings wel, and fasting daies.

Compounds

ember-day n. (also †embring-day)
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > liturgical year > fast > [noun] > period of > recurrent, Ember days
emberc1000
ember-daya1036
ember-fasta1036
quater tempsc1430
ember-Friday1584
ember-eve1609
quarter tense1869
a1036 Laws of Cnut (Eccl.) xvii We forbeodað ordal & aðas freolsdagum & ymbren-dagum.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 57 Haldeþ silence..in þe..vmbridei [a1250 Titus ymbri wikes].
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 139 Embyrday, angarium vel quatuor temporum.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde iii. x. 155 By the kalender we knowe..the ymbre dayes.
1548 Act 2 & 3 Edw. VI c. 19 Preamb. Abstinence, which hath been used..upon..the Embring Days, and other Days.
?1548 Wyll of Deuyll sig. A.iii I geue..The Embredayes to pope Calixtus.
1550 in Acts Privy Council (1891) III. 68 Holiedaies or fastinge daies as Lent, Ymbar daies, or any such lyke.
a1563 J. Bale King Johan (1969) i. 1045 Bothe ember dayes and lentes.
1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 959/1 Counsailing..the said Roger Dods vppon an Imbring day, to suppe with bread and chese.
1704 R. Nelson Compan. Festivals & Fasts ii. iii. 374 These Fasts..are styled Ember Days.
1752 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. III. 227 Abstinence from flesh in Lent, and on..embring days.
1849–53 D. Rock Church of our Fathers IV. xi. 64 On the ember-days, the deacon and subdeacon wore..the chasuble.
ember-eve n. the vigil of an Ember day.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > liturgical year > fast > [noun] > period of > recurrent, Ember days
emberc1000
ember-daya1036
ember-fasta1036
quater tempsc1430
ember-Friday1584
ember-eve1609
quarter tense1869
1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles i. 6 A Song that old was sung..at Feastiuals, On Ember eues, and Holydayes.
ember-fast n.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > liturgical year > fast > [noun] > period of > recurrent, Ember days
emberc1000
ember-daya1036
ember-fasta1036
quater tempsc1430
ember-Friday1584
ember-eve1609
quarter tense1869
a1036 Laws of Cnut (Eccl.) xvi Si hit Ymbren-fæsten si hit lengcten-fæsten.
1634 J. Canne Necessitie of Separation ii. 106 And pope Calixtin in the yeare 206 ordained Imber fastes.
1845 J. Lingard Hist. & Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church (ed. 3) I. App. n. 427 The ember fasts, on Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday, four times in the year.
ember-Friday n.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > liturgical year > fast > [noun] > period of > recurrent, Ember days
emberc1000
ember-daya1036
ember-fasta1036
quater tempsc1430
ember-Friday1584
ember-eve1609
quarter tense1869
1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft xii. xiv. 247 He..must come to church, vpon an embering fridaie.
ember-time n.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > liturgical year > fast > [noun] > period of > recurrent, Ember days > week of
ember-weeka1000
ember-time1502
1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) ii. xvi. sig. n.i To faste foure tymes in the yere the embrynge tyme.
ember-week n.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > liturgical year > fast > [noun] > period of > recurrent, Ember days > week of
ember-weeka1000
ember-time1502
a1000 Laws of Ælfred xliii On iiii. ymbren-wican.
138. J. Wyclif Serm. in Sel. Wks. II. 203 Þe Wednesday Gospel in ymber weke in Septembre moneþe.
1590 Tarltons Newes out of Purgatorie 11 [The pope] that made the imbering weekes; in honore of his faire and beatifull curtizan Imbra.
a1627 T. Middleton & W. Rowley Old Law (1656) iii. 31 Are all faln into fasting daies and ember weeks.
1726 J. Ayliffe Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani 281 The four Seasons of the year called the Ember-Weeks.
1849 D. M. Mulock Ogilvies (1875) xii. 90 How near it is to Ember weeks.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

embern.3

Forms: Also imber, immer, emmer, ammer.
Etymology: < Norwegian emmer(-gaas); Icelandic has himbrimi older himbrin; Faroese imbrim (Vigfusson).
A kind of sea-fowl ( Colymbus Immer Linn. Pennant) frequenting the seas about Orkney, a variety of the Northern Diver or Loon ( Colymbus glacialis) to which the name is sometimes given. Chiefly in combination as ember-goose, ember-diver.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > [noun] > order Gariidae (divers and loons) > miscellaneous types of
water witch1709
ember1744
the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > [noun] > order Gariidae (divers and loons) > gavia immer (common loon)
loon1634
ember1744
1744 T. Preston in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 43 61/2 The Ember-Goose, which is said to hatch her Egg under her Wing.
1821 W. Scott Pirate II. viii. 184 Be mine the Imber-goose to play.
1831 J. Rennie Montagu's Ornithol. Dict. (ed. 2) 267 Imber-diver, a name for the Loon.
1885 C. Swainson Provinc. Names Brit. Birds (E.D.S.) 213 Immer or Ember (Orkney), Imber Diver (Ireland), Ammer or Emmer goose (Aberdeen, E. Lothian).
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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