engineeringn.

Brit.

/ˌɛn(d)ʒᵻˈnɪərɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˌɛndʒəˈnɪrɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: engineer n., -ing suffix¹; engineer v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: Partly < engineer n. + -ing suffix¹, and partly (in later use) < engineer v. + -ing suffix¹. Compare earlier enginery n., engining n. 3.

1. The branch of science and technology concerned with the development and modification of engines (in various senses), machines, structures, or other complicated systems and processes using specialized knowledge or skills, typically for public or commercial use; the profession of an engineer. Frequently with distinguishing word.chemical, civil, electrical, mechanical, military engineering, etc.: see the first element.In early use chiefly with reference to physically large machines or structures for civil or military use. In later use (chiefly with distinguishing word) also with reference to biological, chemical, technological systems, etc., as genetic, language, software, systems engineering: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > engineering > [noun]

engining1606

engineership1652

engineery1691

engineering1697

1697 I. Newton Let. 11 Feb. (1967) IV. 229 Ye King had to allow 10s per diem for two Masters to teach Engineering.

1720 D. Defoe Life Capt. Singleton 259 This [sc. a contrivance in defensive warfare] is..the cunningest Piece of Indian Engineering.

1784 T. H. Page State of Dover-harbour 2 The best plan of engineering is certainly that, which begins by giving her [sc. nature] every one of her powers.

1840 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 3 59 There is room for..a school of Engineering on sound principles.

1858 W. Greener Gunnery in 1858 267 That portion of engineering which would define what power of engine would work a thousand cotton spindles.

1873 H. B. Tristram Land of Moab xiv. 270 An ancient roadway of which the engineering..could be easily traced.

1913 Times 12 Feb. 22/6 The general recognition of the science of engineering..has been of immense service in the development of specialized or advanced technological education.

1927 Charleston (W. Va.) Gaz. 20 Mar. iii. 9/4 One of the most spectacular bits of railway engineering was the construction of the railroad that goes to sea.

1952 Life 17 Nov. 101/1 A modern pipsqueak..can whinny into a microphone and be made by engineering to sound like Caruso at his loudest.

1961 N. C. Breddy Introd. Refrigeration vi. 40 Liquid gases play an importance role in scientific research and have many applications in engineering.

1980 M. Frayn Make & Break i, in Plays: One (1985) 259 This is a piece of factory-made precision engineering.

1997 Agric. Res. Jan. 11/3 The process they've dubbed ‘somatic cell engineering’, putting genes and their proteins to work with the flick of a trigger.

2006 H. Petroski Success through Failure iii. 96 The failure of the Titanic contributed much more to the design of safe ocean liners than would have her success. That is the paradox of engineering.

2. The action of working artfully to bring something about; contrivance, machination.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun] > contrivance or machination

artc1300

enginec1300

compassc1320

governaila1382

subtletya1393

imaginement1543

machinationc1550

stratagem1561

designing1566

packing1587

Machiavellism1592

design1594

drifting1602

Machiavellianism1607

artifice1618

reach1641

contrivance1647

intrigue1668

designfulnessa1677

engineering1716

manoeuvring1786

scheme1790

intriguery1815

intriguing1841

footwork1902

game playing1916

1716 M. Davies Athenæ Britannicæ II. iv. 311 Such Dissenters, I say, become as much Tools to the Popish Cause and Jesuitical Engineering, as any Jacobit whatsoever.

1780 W. Cowper Progress of Error 321 With some cold moral think to quench the fire; Though all your engineering proves in vain.

1847 R. F. Williams Strawberry Hill xi. 94 It suited well his political engineering—this working in the dark.

1884 St. James's Gaz. 21 Mar. 3/2 Party engineering and the trickery of elections.

1946 S. Hook in J. Nathanson Sci. for Democracy 109 The engineering of consent—the attempt to induce various groups and various types of publics to use certain knowledge on which everybody agreed.

1995 T. Smith Moral Rights & Polit. Freedom ii. 54 No such artful engineering could accomplish that.

Compounds

C1.

engineering branch n.

ΚΠ

1768 H. Verelst et al. Let. 27 Nov. in H. Verelst View Eng. Govt. Bengal (1772) App. xvii. 85 They have detained at Madras Mr. Lewis Smith..as he was judged capable of rendering them service in the engineering branch.

1862 J. Fergusson Hist. Mod. Styles Archit. viii. ii. 424 Strictly speaking, the arrangement of the plan and the construction of a building belongs to the engineering branch of the profession.

1958 Managem. Sci. 4 177 The second event of significant importance in our Data Processing History was the decision of our Engineering Branch to establish a combined analogue and digital computing center.

2004 S. P. Cohen Idea of Pakistan iv. 151 Musharraf's replacement came from the engineering branch of the army.

engineering policy n.

ΚΠ

1863 R. Mitchell & J. Normansell Let. 6 Apr. in Trans. & Results Nat. Assoc. Coal, Lime, Iron-stone Miners Gr. Brit. (1864) 119 You call upon one portion of your workmen to accept one penny per ton..as an adequate compensation for this evident result of your engineering policy.

1963 Times 10 Sept. 12/4 This position suited him as he could devote more of his time to engineering policy rather than day-to-day management.

2001 P. A. Cloud Developing & Managing Engin. Procedures ii. 18 Engineering policies provide employees at all levels with the information to consistently carry out their responsibilities.

engineering shop n.

ΚΠ

1856 J. Strang Glasgow & its Clubs 278 The budding beauties..and..their admiring swains of the engineering-shop.

1949 P. W. Tappan Juvenile Delinquency v. 104 He obtained a post as an assistant storeman in an engineering shop, which he held until his arrest.

2008 N.Z. Herald (Nexis) 26 Jan. The new rocket's metal parts, made by local engineering shops, are ready for assembly.

engineering slang n.

ΚΠ

1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto VII xi. 70 Excuse this engineering slang.

1962 Pacific Stars & Stripes (Tokyo) 21 Feb. 4/2 A-OK is engineering slang for excellent condition.

2006 S. Crowley Toward Civil Disc. vi. 182 Larry Silverstein..told PBS that he asked the fire department to ‘pull it’, which is engineering slang for demolition.

engineering way n.

ΚΠ

1739 C. Labelye Short Acct. Piers Westm.-Bridge Pref. p. v Very great Masters in the Building or Engineering Way.

1864 Times 13 Sept. 6/4 In his usual elaborate engineering way, in which every word is used like a gabion.

1932 Jrnl. Land & Public Utility Econ. 8 249/2 Common sense would dictate that engineering problems be solved in an engineering way.

2004 Observer 11 Jan. (Mag.) 25/2 In a wonkish, engineering way he had discussed with his team the telemetry they might observe if a hole allowed hot gases into the wing during re-entry.

engineering work n.

ΚΠ

a1779 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses (new ed.) Pref. to 1758 ed., in Wks. (1788) II. 322 The Roman Conclave succeeded to the Roman Senate in this engineering work.

1860 H. Y. Hind Narr. Canad. Red River Exped. II. 225 The Vermilion Pass..presents..the greatest natural facilities for crossing the mountains without the aid of engineering work.

1910 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 841/2 When a river partakes of the nature of a torrent,..it is impossible to construct a system of irrigation canals without very costly engineering works.

2002 B. McKinney Ledge iv. 195 Some bullshit story about engineering work being done on the London Eye.

engineering yard n.

ΚΠ

1873 Times 27 Oct. 7/4 The Medusa was built by Messrs. John and W. Dudgeon, of Cubitt Town Shipbuilding and Engineering-yard.

1919 Brit. Manufacturer Nov. 24/2 Engineering yards.

2007 Evening Standard (Nexis) 31 Oct. h 5 A former engineering yard next to the station has become..a smart enclave of homes, design studios and small business premises.

C2.

engineering brick n. a brick which is strong, dense, semi-vitreous, and impervious to water, used in the construction of underground or exposed areas of a building; the material of which such bricks are made.

ΚΠ

1908 Times 29 Feb. 18/4 The brick earth is of excellent quality, and is capable of producing not only ordinary stocks but also first-class engineering bricks.

1960 R. Everly & I. M. D. Little Concentration Brit. Industry xiv. 226 The largest manufacturer in this country of high-grade architectural and engineering bricks.

2004 Tool & Machinery Catal. 2005 (Axminster Power Tool Centre Ltd.) iv. 40/2 In hard materials such as engineering brick a box sinker chisel is available for use in place of the square cutter.

engineering ceramics n. ceramics made for use in the manufacture of other products, typically very strong and tolerant of high temperatures.

ΚΠ

1960 Nature 18 June 962/1 Paper presented at the Research Conference on the Mechanical Properties of Engineering Ceramics.

1980 Science 23 May 842/1 Virtually all high-temperature engineering ceramics are formed by the consolidation of powders.

2001 R. W. Cahn Coming of Materials Sci. ix. 377 The recognition that the removal of internal defects is a key to better engineering ceramics had been well established.

engineering geology n. the branch of science and technology concerned with the application of geological principles and methods in engineering, esp. with regard to the interaction of underlying geological formations with artificial structures.

ΚΠ

1838 Railway Mag. Oct. 343 We can decidedly recommend this work as..the first attempt to present..a system of engineering geology.

1920 Science 13 Aug. 139/2 The principles of geology thus applied during recent years have given rise to..engineering geology.

2008 Daily News (S. Afr.) (Nexis) 19 Mar. (Entertainment section) 4 It was..while studying for an honours degree in engineering geology, that this woman finally found her niche.

engineering science n. the field of study concerned with the mathematical and physical basis of engineering; (also) a science having engineering aspects (frequently in plural).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > engineering > [noun] > branches of

waterwork?a1560

civil engineeringc1770

water engineering1787

millwrighting1821

engineering science1826

hydraulic engineering1835

river engineering1842

structural engineering1859

industrial engineering1860

chemical engineering1861

sanitary engineering1868

biological engineering1898

control engineering1914

radio engineering1915

environmental engineering1946

systems engineering1946

bioengineering1950

value engineering1959

biomedical engineering1961

geoengineering1962

macro-engineering1964

microengineering1964

terotechnology1970

hydroengineering1971

civil1975

mechatronics1976

knowledge engineering1977

1826 Rep. Sel. Comm. Emigration United Kingdom 68 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 404) II. 1 If obstacles are found..might not those obstacles be either palliated or removed by an engineering science?

1842 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Sentinel 8 Oct. He changed his opinion and concluded he..was incompetent to decide on questions involving engineering science.

1930 Engineering 24 Jan. 98/3 His laboratory..was used to enlarge the boundaries of engineering science.

2008 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 15 Feb. 21 He championed..the mission of a great period of expansion of the engineering sciences.

Derivatives

engiˈneeringly adv. as regards engineering; in terms of engineering.

ΚΠ

1849 York Herald Extraordinary Comm. Investig. & Second Rep. 12/2 Though I never felt a doubt of its being successful commercially, my doubt was as to its success engineeringly.

1969 H. Cardinal Unjust Soc. xii. 118 Those houses..proved..ill-conceived architecturally, unsound engineeringly and located disastrously.

2007 Jrnl. Complexity 23 302 A statistical description of the uncertainty..is deemed more natural and engineeringly sound than a purely unknown-but-bounded one.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	engineering
释义	engineeringn. Brit. /ˌɛn(d)ʒᵻˈnɪərɪŋ/, U.S. /ˌɛndʒəˈnɪrɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: engineer n., -ing suffix¹; engineer v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: Partly < engineer n. + -ing suffix¹, and partly (in later use) < engineer v. + -ing suffix¹. Compare earlier enginery n., engining n. 3. 1. The branch of science and technology concerned with the development and modification of engines (in various senses), machines, structures, or other complicated systems and processes using specialized knowledge or skills, typically for public or commercial use; the profession of an engineer. Frequently with distinguishing word.chemical, civil, electrical, mechanical, military engineering, etc.: see the first element.In early use chiefly with reference to physically large machines or structures for civil or military use. In later use (chiefly with distinguishing word) also with reference to biological, chemical, technological systems, etc., as genetic, language, software, systems engineering: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > engineering > [noun] engining1606 engineership1652 engineery1691 engineering1697 1697 I. Newton Let. 11 Feb. (1967) IV. 229 Ye King had to allow 10s per diem for two Masters to teach Engineering. 1720 D. Defoe Life Capt. Singleton 259 This [sc. a contrivance in defensive warfare] is..the cunningest Piece of Indian Engineering. 1784 T. H. Page State of Dover-harbour 2 The best plan of engineering is certainly that, which begins by giving her [sc. nature] every one of her powers. 1840 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 3 59 There is room for..a school of Engineering on sound principles. 1858 W. Greener Gunnery in 1858 267 That portion of engineering which would define what power of engine would work a thousand cotton spindles. 1873 H. B. Tristram Land of Moab xiv. 270 An ancient roadway of which the engineering..could be easily traced. 1913 Times 12 Feb. 22/6 The general recognition of the science of engineering..has been of immense service in the development of specialized or advanced technological education. 1927 Charleston (W. Va.) Gaz. 20 Mar. iii. 9/4 One of the most spectacular bits of railway engineering was the construction of the railroad that goes to sea. 1952 Life 17 Nov. 101/1 A modern pipsqueak..can whinny into a microphone and be made by engineering to sound like Caruso at his loudest. 1961 N. C. Breddy Introd. Refrigeration vi. 40 Liquid gases play an importance role in scientific research and have many applications in engineering. 1980 M. Frayn Make & Break i, in Plays: One (1985) 259 This is a piece of factory-made precision engineering. 1997 Agric. Res. Jan. 11/3 The process they've dubbed ‘somatic cell engineering’, putting genes and their proteins to work with the flick of a trigger. 2006 H. Petroski Success through Failure iii. 96 The failure of the Titanic contributed much more to the design of safe ocean liners than would have her success. That is the paradox of engineering. 2. The action of working artfully to bring something about; contrivance, machination. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun] > contrivance or machination artc1300 enginec1300 compassc1320 governaila1382 subtletya1393 imaginement1543 machinationc1550 stratagem1561 designing1566 packing1587 Machiavellism1592 design1594 drifting1602 Machiavellianism1607 artifice1618 reach1641 contrivance1647 intrigue1668 designfulnessa1677 engineering1716 manoeuvring1786 scheme1790 intriguery1815 intriguing1841 footwork1902 game playing1916 1716 M. Davies Athenæ Britannicæ II. iv. 311 Such Dissenters, I say, become as much Tools to the Popish Cause and Jesuitical Engineering, as any Jacobit whatsoever. 1780 W. Cowper Progress of Error 321 With some cold moral think to quench the fire; Though all your engineering proves in vain. 1847 R. F. Williams Strawberry Hill xi. 94 It suited well his political engineering—this working in the dark. 1884 St. James's Gaz. 21 Mar. 3/2 Party engineering and the trickery of elections. 1946 S. Hook in J. Nathanson Sci. for Democracy 109 The engineering of consent—the attempt to induce various groups and various types of publics to use certain knowledge on which everybody agreed. 1995 T. Smith Moral Rights & Polit. Freedom ii. 54 No such artful engineering could accomplish that. Compounds C1. engineering branch n. ΚΠ 1768 H. Verelst et al. Let. 27 Nov. in H. Verelst View Eng. Govt. Bengal (1772) App. xvii. 85 They have detained at Madras Mr. Lewis Smith..as he was judged capable of rendering them service in the engineering branch. 1862 J. Fergusson Hist. Mod. Styles Archit. viii. ii. 424 Strictly speaking, the arrangement of the plan and the construction of a building belongs to the engineering branch of the profession. 1958 Managem. Sci. 4 177 The second event of significant importance in our Data Processing History was the decision of our Engineering Branch to establish a combined analogue and digital computing center. 2004 S. P. Cohen Idea of Pakistan iv. 151 Musharraf's replacement came from the engineering branch of the army. engineering policy n. ΚΠ 1863 R. Mitchell & J. Normansell Let. 6 Apr. in Trans. & Results Nat. Assoc. Coal, Lime, Iron-stone Miners Gr. Brit. (1864) 119 You call upon one portion of your workmen to accept one penny per ton..as an adequate compensation for this evident result of your engineering policy. 1963 Times 10 Sept. 12/4 This position suited him as he could devote more of his time to engineering policy rather than day-to-day management. 2001 P. A. Cloud Developing & Managing Engin. Procedures ii. 18 Engineering policies provide employees at all levels with the information to consistently carry out their responsibilities. engineering shop n. ΚΠ 1856 J. Strang Glasgow & its Clubs 278 The budding beauties..and..their admiring swains of the engineering-shop. 1949 P. W. Tappan Juvenile Delinquency v. 104 He obtained a post as an assistant storeman in an engineering shop, which he held until his arrest. 2008 N.Z. Herald (Nexis) 26 Jan. The new rocket's metal parts, made by local engineering shops, are ready for assembly. engineering slang n. ΚΠ 1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto VII xi. 70 Excuse this engineering slang. 1962 Pacific Stars & Stripes (Tokyo) 21 Feb. 4/2 A-OK is engineering slang for excellent condition. 2006 S. Crowley Toward Civil Disc. vi. 182 Larry Silverstein..told PBS that he asked the fire department to ‘pull it’, which is engineering slang for demolition. engineering way n. ΚΠ 1739 C. Labelye Short Acct. Piers Westm.-Bridge Pref. p. v Very great Masters in the Building or Engineering Way. 1864 Times 13 Sept. 6/4 In his usual elaborate engineering way, in which every word is used like a gabion. 1932 Jrnl. Land & Public Utility Econ. 8 249/2 Common sense would dictate that engineering problems be solved in an engineering way. 2004 Observer 11 Jan. (Mag.) 25/2 In a wonkish, engineering way he had discussed with his team the telemetry they might observe if a hole allowed hot gases into the wing during re-entry. engineering work n. ΚΠ a1779 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses (new ed.) Pref. to 1758 ed., in Wks. (1788) II. 322 The Roman Conclave succeeded to the Roman Senate in this engineering work. 1860 H. Y. Hind Narr. Canad. Red River Exped. II. 225 The Vermilion Pass..presents..the greatest natural facilities for crossing the mountains without the aid of engineering work. 1910 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 841/2 When a river partakes of the nature of a torrent,..it is impossible to construct a system of irrigation canals without very costly engineering works. 2002 B. McKinney Ledge iv. 195 Some bullshit story about engineering work being done on the London Eye. engineering yard n. ΚΠ 1873 Times 27 Oct. 7/4 The Medusa was built by Messrs. John and W. Dudgeon, of Cubitt Town Shipbuilding and Engineering-yard. 1919 Brit. Manufacturer Nov. 24/2 Engineering yards. 2007 Evening Standard (Nexis) 31 Oct. h 5 A former engineering yard next to the station has become..a smart enclave of homes, design studios and small business premises. C2. engineering brick n. a brick which is strong, dense, semi-vitreous, and impervious to water, used in the construction of underground or exposed areas of a building; the material of which such bricks are made. ΚΠ 1908 Times 29 Feb. 18/4 The brick earth is of excellent quality, and is capable of producing not only ordinary stocks but also first-class engineering bricks. 1960 R. Everly & I. M. D. Little Concentration Brit. Industry xiv. 226 The largest manufacturer in this country of high-grade architectural and engineering bricks. 2004 Tool & Machinery Catal. 2005 (Axminster Power Tool Centre Ltd.) iv. 40/2 In hard materials such as engineering brick a box sinker chisel is available for use in place of the square cutter. engineering ceramics n. ceramics made for use in the manufacture of other products, typically very strong and tolerant of high temperatures. ΚΠ 1960 Nature 18 June 962/1 Paper presented at the Research Conference on the Mechanical Properties of Engineering Ceramics. 1980 Science 23 May 842/1 Virtually all high-temperature engineering ceramics are formed by the consolidation of powders. 2001 R. W. Cahn Coming of Materials Sci. ix. 377 The recognition that the removal of internal defects is a key to better engineering ceramics had been well established. engineering geology n. the branch of science and technology concerned with the application of geological principles and methods in engineering, esp. with regard to the interaction of underlying geological formations with artificial structures. ΚΠ 1838 Railway Mag. Oct. 343 We can decidedly recommend this work as..the first attempt to present..a system of engineering geology. 1920 Science 13 Aug. 139/2 The principles of geology thus applied during recent years have given rise to..engineering geology. 2008 Daily News (S. Afr.) (Nexis) 19 Mar. (Entertainment section) 4 It was..while studying for an honours degree in engineering geology, that this woman finally found her niche. engineering science n. the field of study concerned with the mathematical and physical basis of engineering; (also) a science having engineering aspects (frequently in plural). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > engineering > [noun] > branches of waterwork?a1560 civil engineeringc1770 water engineering1787 millwrighting1821 engineering science1826 hydraulic engineering1835 river engineering1842 structural engineering1859 industrial engineering1860 chemical engineering1861 sanitary engineering1868 biological engineering1898 control engineering1914 radio engineering1915 environmental engineering1946 systems engineering1946 bioengineering1950 value engineering1959 biomedical engineering1961 geoengineering1962 macro-engineering1964 microengineering1964 terotechnology1970 hydroengineering1971 civil1975 mechatronics1976 knowledge engineering1977 1826 Rep. Sel. Comm. Emigration United Kingdom 68 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 404) II. 1 If obstacles are found..might not those obstacles be either palliated or removed by an engineering science? 1842 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Sentinel 8 Oct. He changed his opinion and concluded he..was incompetent to decide on questions involving engineering science. 1930 Engineering 24 Jan. 98/3 His laboratory..was used to enlarge the boundaries of engineering science. 2008 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 15 Feb. 21 He championed..the mission of a great period of expansion of the engineering sciences. Derivatives engiˈneeringly adv. as regards engineering; in terms of engineering. ΚΠ 1849 York Herald Extraordinary Comm. Investig. & Second Rep. 12/2 Though I never felt a doubt of its being successful commercially, my doubt was as to its success engineeringly. 1969 H. Cardinal Unjust Soc. xii. 118 Those houses..proved..ill-conceived architecturally, unsound engineeringly and located disastrously. 2007 Jrnl. Complexity 23 302 A statistical description of the uncertainty..is deemed more natural and engineeringly sound than a purely unknown-but-bounded one. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † engineeringadj. Forms: see engineer n. and -ing suffix². Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: engineer n., -ing suffix²; engineer v., -ing suffix². Etymology: < engineer n. + -ing suffix². In later use probably partly also < engineer v. + -ing suffix². Obsolete. Contriving, scheming. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [adjective] > in contrivance or machination politic1543 practical1563 fetching1570 driftyc1571 Machiavellian1572 stratagematical1583 stratagemical1585 stratagematic1589 drifting1596 enterprising1602 Machiavelline1602 practitional1602 engineering1631 polititious1638 Machiavellic1645 designing1661 intriguing1790 manoeuvring1801 systematizing1827 scheming1838 1631 H. Peters Digitus Dei sig. A3 An engeneering Preist, who should haue spent much oyle & candle in the advancing of a strange designe. 1681 N. N. Romes Follies ii. 26 Since I have begun to set my engineering brains to work. 1786 G. M. A. Baretti Tolondron x. 329 By thus bringing in a synoptical view..the little engineering Friar, Mahomet, Lucifer, Julius Cæsar, and other such personages, plain it is, that the comprehending of Don Quixote is greatly facilitated to the Spaniards. 1863 Harper's Mag. Apr. 676/2 His efforts were raised above the engineering politician. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2019). < n.1697adj.1631
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engineeringn.

Compounds

Derivatives

† engineeringadj.