enlightv.

Brit.

/ɛnˈlʌɪt/,

/ᵻnˈlʌɪt/, U.S.

/ɛnˈlaɪt/,

/ᵻnˈlaɪt/

Forms:

α. early Old English inlihðeð (Mercian, 3rd singular present indicative), Old English inlehtan, Old English inlehtia (Northumbrian), Old English inleohtan (rare), Old English inlichtia (Northumbrian), Old English inlihtan, Old English inlihtia (Northumbrian), Old English inlyhtan (rare), Middle English inliȝte, Middle English inlyght, Middle English inlyhte, Middle English ynliȝte, Middle English 1600s inlight.

β. late Middle English enlyghte, 1500s– enlight, 1800s– enlicht (Scottish).

Also past tense Old English inlihte, Old English inlyhte (rare). Also past participle Old English inliht.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic; probably modelled on a Latin lexical item. Perhaps also partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: en- prefix¹, light v.²

Etymology: Originally cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Dutch inlichten , Middle Low German inlüchten , Old High German inliuhten , Gothic inliuhtjan < the Germanic base of in- prefix¹ + the Germanic base of light v.², probably after classical Latin illūmināre illuminate v. In later use probably merged with a later formation < en- prefix¹ + light v.², or perhaps reanalysed as showing en- prefix¹ and light v.² Compare onlight v.¹, alight v.² Compare also later enlighten v.In Old English the word is exclusively Anglian; the usual word in West Saxon is onlīhtan onlight v.¹ (compare F. Wenisch Spezifisch anglisches Wortgut in den nordhumbrischen Interlinearglossierungen des Lukasevangeliums (1979) 296). In Old English originally a weak Class I verb inlīhtan ; however, Northumbrian forms suggesting the existence of a weak Class II by-form inlīhtia are occasionally attested. In Old English (Northumbrian) the prefixed forms ge-inlīhta and ge-inlīhtia (compare y- prefix) are also attested.

Now archaic and rare.

1. transitive. To enlighten, esp. to shed light on, illuminate (frequently figurative). Also intransitive.In quot. a1500: to embellish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > illumination > illuminate [verb (transitive)]

onlighteOE

enlightOE

alemeOE

alightOE

lightOE

belighta1200

lightena1382

clear1382

alightenc1384

lumine1387

clarify1398

shine1398

shed1412

beamc1430

enlymec1440

illumine1447

enlumine1481

illustre1490

enclear1509

elumine1532

illuminate1535

unshadow1550

illightena1555

allumine1570

eluminate1580

unnight1594

enlighten1595

to strike up1598

illume1604

luminate1623

illustrate1625

unbenight1629

emblaze1637

burn1712

alluminate1726

lamp1808

enkindle1870

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > enlightenment > enlighten [verb (transitive)]

lighteOE

annealeOE

enlightOE

lightenc1350

enlightena1500

illustrate1526

illuminate?1566

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Luke xi. 36 Sicut lucerna fulgoris inluminabit te : sua leht legeð inlehtað [OE Rushw. inlihteð] ðec.

OE Guthlac A 99 Him wæs hyht to þam, siþþan hine inlyhte se þe lifes weg gæstum gearwað.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 2 Cor. iv. 6 God..hath ynliȝtid in oure hertis.

1480 Table Prouffytable Lernynge (Caxton) (1964) 49 The grace of the holy ghoost Wylle enlyghte [Fr. enlummer] the hertes Of them that shall lerne it.

a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 96 Oon of þe stryngthes is a tokenynge..þat glorious god hauys inlightyd [L. illustravit] of vij strenghes.

1595 G. Chapman tr. Ovid Banquet of Sence sig. F3^v Lodgd in that fleece of hayre, yellow, and curld, Ile take high pleasure to enlight the world, And fetter me in gold.

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iv. 143 Seeing the Lampe which doth enlight the Whole.

1635 W. Habington Castara (ed. 2) iii. 217 The Cymmerians, whom no ray Doth ere enlight.

1665 G. Wither Medit. upon Lords Prayer 84 Some who have been in a good measure inlighted.

1675 E. Cocker Morals 24 How dark's the Lesser Worlds sad Winters Night, When Reasons radiant Rays do not enlight.

1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 24 That Sun..Enlights the present, and shall warm the last.

1752 J. Guyse Pract. Expos. Epist. Galatians v. 42 A Priest..by his Settlement in the Gospel, and enlighting our Minds and impressing our Hearts according to it.

1824 C. Swan tr. Gesta Romanorum II. xxvii. 88 He beheld in one corner of the place, a polished stone, called a carbuncle, by the single aid of which the hall was enlighted.

1905 E. W. H. Eaton Poems Christian Year 81 Not I but He enlights My flickering creeds.

2002 ‘MaryAnn’ & ‘Jon’ Drum-lime Migration xxii. 202 The boat was now moving forward due to inertia over the lake water under the vast sky dome enlighted by numerous heavenly stars.

†2. transitive. figurative. poetic. With up. To cause to shine or light up. Cf. light v.² 7. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > appearance or aspect > have (specific) appearance [verb (transitive)] > assume specific facial appearance or expression > cause facial expression

enlight1818

1818 C. Lamb Sonn. iii, in Wks. 603 What rare witchery..Enlighted up the semblance of a smile In those fine eyes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	enlight
释义	enlightv. Brit. /ɛnˈlʌɪt/, /ᵻnˈlʌɪt/, U.S. /ɛnˈlaɪt/, /ᵻnˈlaɪt/ Forms: α. early Old English inlihðeð (Mercian, 3rd singular present indicative), Old English inlehtan, Old English inlehtia (Northumbrian), Old English inleohtan (rare), Old English inlichtia (Northumbrian), Old English inlihtan, Old English inlihtia (Northumbrian), Old English inlyhtan (rare), Middle English inliȝte, Middle English inlyght, Middle English inlyhte, Middle English ynliȝte, Middle English 1600s inlight. β. late Middle English enlyghte, 1500s– enlight, 1800s– enlicht (Scottish). Also past tense Old English inlihte, Old English inlyhte (rare). Also past participle Old English inliht. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic; probably modelled on a Latin lexical item. Perhaps also partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: en- prefix¹, light v.² Etymology: Originally cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Dutch inlichten , Middle Low German inlüchten , Old High German inliuhten , Gothic inliuhtjan < the Germanic base of in- prefix¹ + the Germanic base of light v.², probably after classical Latin illūmināre illuminate v. In later use probably merged with a later formation < en- prefix¹ + light v.², or perhaps reanalysed as showing en- prefix¹ and light v.² Compare onlight v.¹, alight v.² Compare also later enlighten v.In Old English the word is exclusively Anglian; the usual word in West Saxon is onlīhtan onlight v.¹ (compare F. Wenisch Spezifisch anglisches Wortgut in den nordhumbrischen Interlinearglossierungen des Lukasevangeliums (1979) 296). In Old English originally a weak Class I verb inlīhtan ; however, Northumbrian forms suggesting the existence of a weak Class II by-form inlīhtia are occasionally attested. In Old English (Northumbrian) the prefixed forms ge-inlīhta and ge-inlīhtia (compare y- prefix) are also attested. Now archaic and rare. 1. transitive. To enlighten, esp. to shed light on, illuminate (frequently figurative). Also intransitive.In quot. a1500: to embellish. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > illumination > illuminate [verb (transitive)] onlighteOE enlightOE alemeOE alightOE lightOE belighta1200 lightena1382 clear1382 alightenc1384 lumine1387 clarify1398 shine1398 shed1412 beamc1430 enlymec1440 illumine1447 enlumine1481 illustre1490 enclear1509 elumine1532 illuminate1535 unshadow1550 illightena1555 allumine1570 eluminate1580 unnight1594 enlighten1595 to strike up1598 illume1604 luminate1623 illustrate1625 unbenight1629 emblaze1637 burn1712 alluminate1726 lamp1808 enkindle1870 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > enlightenment > enlighten [verb (transitive)] lighteOE annealeOE enlightOE lightenc1350 enlightena1500 illustrate1526 illuminate?1566 OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Luke xi. 36 Sicut lucerna fulgoris inluminabit te : sua leht legeð inlehtað [OE Rushw. inlihteð] ðec. OE Guthlac A 99 Him wæs hyht to þam, siþþan hine inlyhte se þe lifes weg gæstum gearwað. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 2 Cor. iv. 6 God..hath ynliȝtid in oure hertis. 1480 Table Prouffytable Lernynge (Caxton) (1964) 49 The grace of the holy ghoost Wylle enlyghte [Fr. enlummer] the hertes Of them that shall lerne it. a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 96 Oon of þe stryngthes is a tokenynge..þat glorious god hauys inlightyd [L. illustravit] of vij strenghes. 1595 G. Chapman tr. Ovid Banquet of Sence sig. F3^v Lodgd in that fleece of hayre, yellow, and curld, Ile take high pleasure to enlight the world, And fetter me in gold. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iv. 143 Seeing the Lampe which doth enlight the Whole. 1635 W. Habington Castara (ed. 2) iii. 217 The Cymmerians, whom no ray Doth ere enlight. 1665 G. Wither Medit. upon Lords Prayer 84 Some who have been in a good measure inlighted. 1675 E. Cocker Morals 24 How dark's the Lesser Worlds sad Winters Night, When Reasons radiant Rays do not enlight. 1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 24 That Sun..Enlights the present, and shall warm the last. 1752 J. Guyse Pract. Expos. Epist. Galatians v. 42 A Priest..by his Settlement in the Gospel, and enlighting our Minds and impressing our Hearts according to it. 1824 C. Swan tr. Gesta Romanorum II. xxvii. 88 He beheld in one corner of the place, a polished stone, called a carbuncle, by the single aid of which the hall was enlighted. 1905 E. W. H. Eaton Poems Christian Year 81 Not I but He enlights My flickering creeds. 2002 ‘MaryAnn’ & ‘Jon’ Drum-lime Migration xxii. 202 The boat was now moving forward due to inertia over the lake water under the vast sky dome enlighted by numerous heavenly stars. †2. transitive. figurative. poetic. With up. To cause to shine or light up. Cf. light v.² 7. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > appearance or aspect > have (specific) appearance [verb (transitive)] > assume specific facial appearance or expression > cause facial expression enlight1818 1818 C. Lamb Sonn. iii, in Wks. 603 What rare witchery..Enlighted up the semblance of a smile In those fine eyes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.OE
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