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单词 evident
释义

evidentadj.n.adv.

Brit. /ˈɛvᵻd(ə)nt/, U.S. /ˈɛvəd(ə)nt/, /ˈɛvəˌdɛnt/
Forms: Middle English evedent, Middle English evydente, Middle English–1600s euident, Middle English–1600s euidente, Middle English–1600s euydent, Middle English–1600s evidente, Middle English–1600s evydent, Middle English– evident, 1500s euydente; also Scottish pre-1700 auedent, pre-1700 avident, pre-1700 ewedent, pre-1700 ewident, pre-1700 ewydent.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French evident; Latin ēvident-, ēvidēns.
Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French evident (French évident ) manifest (late 13th cent. in Old French), distinctly visible, conspicuous (early 14th cent. or earlier), clear to the understanding or judgement (late 14th cent.), (of a sign, proof, etc.) conclusive (late 14th cent.), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin ēvident-, ēvidēns perceptible to the senses, clear, obvious (to the understanding), (of actions) open, unconcealed < ē- e- prefix2 + vident- , vidēns , present participle of vidēre to see (see vision n.). With the use as noun compare evidence n. With the use as adjective compare evidently adv.Compare Catalan evident (late 13th cent.), Spanish evidente (14th cent.), Portuguese evidente (14th cent.), Italian evidente (late 13th cent.). With the use of an active form of a Latin participle in a passive sense, compare look v. 11, and also post-classical Latin evideri (passive) to appear, seem (4th cent.).
A. adj.
1.
a. Of something physical: distinctly visible; conspicuous. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > visibility > [adjective] > clearly visible
senec1175
well seenc1175
naked?c1225
well isenec1275
bremec1340
evidenta1382
apparent1393
palpable?1435
open1478
pointablea1555
faira1568
full-eyed1581
unmasked1590
eyeful?1611
plain1613
prospecta1640
unovercloudeda1658
intuitive1801
unmystified1822
shroudless1841
unforeshortened1846
trenchant1849
focusable1889
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Wisd. xiv. 17 The euydent [a1425 L.V. opyn, 1611 King James expresse; L. evidentem] ymage of the king, whom wrshipen thei wolden, thei maden.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 330v Telata beþ vessels of gold ouþer of siluer y-marked wiþ euydent signe wiþinne or wiþoute.
1562 P. Whitehorne tr. N. Machiavelli Arte of Warre iii. f. liiijv It is mete that thansigne of euery battaile, haue written in some euident part, the nomber therof:..that the capitain..maie more easely knowe theim againe.
1570 J. Dee in H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. Math. Præf. sig. *iij Make good euident markes, at euery inches end.
1639 Distiller of London 9 Place the true and proper names..on all such vessells of wares as shall be put up for sale, or sold; in some evident place, & legible manner, that it may be visible to all whom it may concerne.
1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. ii. 79 At Shooting at a Ship in a River, he must put his Piece to some evident mark on the other side the River.
?1790 J. Imison Curious & Misc. Articles (new ed.) 65 in School of Arts (ed. 2) Thin persons have the muscles of the neck much more evident than would be judicious to imitate [in painting].
b. Of a token, vestige, etc., or of a state or condition: obvious to the sight; recognizable at a glance.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense A. 2.
ΚΠ
c1429 Mirour Mans Saluacioune (1986) 3663 Some of this evident miracle ware wroth and alle sory.
a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) l. 4099 Grekys disespeyryd, Dempte pleynly be tokens evidente.
1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) v. 17 He doth for them euydent myracles.
a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1537) xlix. f. 159 My dedes are but in suspecte, and yours are openly knowen in dede: myn are secrete, and yours are euident.
1571 R. Cavendish Image Nature & Grace iii. f. 23v God too geeue a more euident vew of hys infinite goodnes and mercy.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 1077 Bad Fruit of Knowledge..Which leaves..in our Faces evident the signes Of foul concupiscence. View more context for this quotation
1748 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. I. 496 This, which was there discoverable only by the Microscope, is here evident to the naked eye.
1820 J. Keats Hyperion: a Fragm. i, in Lamia & Other Poems 164 Thou canst move about, an evident God.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. xvii. 320 The retardation of the ice is most evident near the sides.
1938 Manch. Guardian 4 Mar. 4/6 Jones showed evident traces of being the most dangerous player on the field.
2015 C. F. Levander & M. P. Guterl Hotel Life iii. 71 The ravages of time all too evident on the brows of travel-weary laborers.
2.
a. Clear to the understanding or the judgement; obvious, plain (to a person). Often in impersonal constructions with it as subject, and sometimes followed by that- clause or (formerly) to be.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense A. 1b.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > pointing out > [adjective] > obvious
brightOE
evidenta1393
legible1593
pointed1768
screaming1976
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 3859 Which in the bible is evident: Hou David in his testament, [etc.].
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 23 (MED) It is riȝt euydent that Crist and hise Apostlis it weel knowen.
c1450 Art Nombryng in R. Steele Earliest Arithm. in Eng. (1922) 43 (MED) It is evident and open, yf that the first figure of the nombre be to be multipliede etc.
?1541 R. Copland Galen's Fourth Bk. Terapeutyke sig. Bivv, in Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens It is euydent yt none indication is taken of the cause.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) ii. v. 115 Why this is euident to any formall capacitie. View more context for this quotation
1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. Concl. 321 Its evident to be nothing but a temporall Monarchy.
1659 J. Pearson Expos. Apostles Creed 4 Truths apparent in themselves..are not called Credible, but evident to the understanding.
1754 J. Edwards Careful Enq. Freedom of Will ii. xii. 119 For a Thing to be certainly known to any Understanding, is for it to be evident to that Understanding.
1842 J. Bischoff Comprehensive Hist. Woollen Manuf. II. 360 The vast importance of sheep, with their constant increase, is most evident.
1874 J. Morley On Compromise 160 That this distinction is as sound on the evolutional theory of society as on any other, is quite evident.
1932 Observer 21 Aug. 10/2 It was evident that they regarded the whole affair through a conventionally sentimental haze.
2007 J. A. McClure Partial Faiths 7 The worldwide resurgence of religious fundamentalism is painfully evident to everyone.
b. Convincing, persuasive; (of a remark) obviously true. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > act of convincing, conviction > [adjective]
forcible1573
convincent1613
proofful1631
convictive1634
convincible1647
coercive1650
convincivea1657
evident1709
convincing1749
psychagogical1822
psychagogic1846
1709 Ld. Shaftesbury Moralists iii. ii. 220 Upon fair Conviction, to give our heart up to the evident side..is to help Reason heartily.
1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 259 But this Remark of my Friend's appear'd more evident in a few Weeks more.
1883 Pop. Sci. Monthly July 318 According to Herr Helmholtz's evident remark, [science] must start out from this presupposition.
3. Of a sign, testimony, proof, etc.: indubitable, certain, conclusive. Frequently in religious contexts. Obsolete.In quot. c1451 perhaps: authentic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > proof, demonstration > [adjective] > conclusive, decisive
definitivec1386
evident1421
concludent1571
deciding1577
decisive1584
decretal1608
decisory1611
concluding1620
evictive1624
silencing1646
conclusive1649
decretory1674
decretorian1679
decisional1687
critical1753
crucial1830
clinching1873–4
1421 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1834) II. 258 There openly it was preved oure propre good with owt fraude be ful and evident preve.
c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 139 Þei mad clepe religious men, seculer men..whos attestaciones and witnesse þei wrytyn treuly, and vndyr her seles closed, sent al þis þing to us, whech sondes þouȝ þei were euydent and certeyn, be-cause þei wery [probably read were] many and dyuers, we wil not at þis tyme sette hem in oure wrytyng.
1529 T. More Dyaloge Dyuers Maters i. xxv. f. xxviv/2 No scrypture can be euident to proue eny thyng yt he lyst to deny.
1571 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Psalmes of Dauid with Comm. (xx. 20) He yeeldeth an evidenter witnesse of his trust.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) ii. iv. 120 Render to me some corporall signe about her More euident then this: for this was stolne. View more context for this quotation
1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes i. §39. 61 We see how..evident the holy Scripture is in this principle of our Christian Faith.
1659 J. Milton Considerations touching Hirelings 66 Where did he assigne it [sc. the tithe], or by what evident conveyance to ministers?
1714 E. Potter Vindic. Blessed Saviour's Divinity iv. 87 The next Expression, The word was God, is an Evident Testimony that Christ is essentially God.
B. n.
Something that serves as evidence; proof (esp. in documentary form); (Scots Law) a document proving a person's legal right or claim to something; a title deed. Frequently in plural. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > evidence > [noun] > documentary evidence
evidence1385
evident1388
1388 in J. Robertson Illustr. Topogr. & Antiq. Aberdeen & Banff (1857) III. 295 To mak of new to the forsaid Alexander whatkin euident chartre or resignacoun plaine in the Kyngis hand, whairthruch the forsaid Alexander and his ayres micht be maste sikir.
1424 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1424/9 The king..may ger summonde all..his tenandis..to schaw thar charteris, evidentis and holdingis.
1466 in T. Thomson Acts Lords Auditors (1839) 3/2 The lettres, euidentis, documentis and richtus profis and witnes producit be bathe the partijs.
a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. l. 50626 His lordis all befoir him he [sc. Robert the Bruce] gart caw, Thair euidentis of thair landis till schaw.
1600 in R. Renwick Extracts Rec. Stirling (1887) I. 96 The commoun charter & evident granted to the merchandis..be king David.
1678 in E. Burt Lett. N. Scotl. (1818) I. 64 [Inscription in a house] Christ is my life and rent..His promise is my evident.
a1714 Earl of Cromarty Hist. Family Mackenzie in W. Fraser Earls of Cromartie (1876) II. 488 The house of Illandonan was furthwith delyvered to him, with the charter-cheist and evidents of his estate.
1761 Answers for J. Ruthven 5 A Man having resiled from a Bargain of the Sale of Houses before Writ was adhibited, yet having got the Evidents of the Lands and Keys of the Houses.
1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. iv. 69 It is written all these various ways in the old writings and evidents.
1868 Act 31 & 32 Victoria c. 101 §8 Absolute warrandice as regards the lands and writs and evidents.
1898 Sc. Law Reporter 35 469/2 Such writs and evidents as are required to establish or enforce his rights as proprietor of the lands.
1946 A. D. Gibb Students' Gloss. Sc. Legal Terms 32 Evidents, writs and title-deeds, evidence of heritable rights. Practically obsolete.
C. adv.
= evidently adv. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > manifestness > [adverb]
couthlyc900
sutelichec900
openlyOE
witterlyc1175
kithlya1300
witnessfullyc1374
evidentlya1382
plainlya1382
graithc1394
eberlya1400
express14..
manifest1431
patently1441
manifestlyc1475
evident?1520
grossly1526
apparently1533
clear1550
apparent1565
clearly1569
notoriously1589
plain1590
perspicuously1592
perspectively1598
transparently1617
liquidlya1631
visibly1631
obviously1638
fairly1655
perspiculously1661
remarkably1666
squarely1860
?1520 J. Rastell Nature .iiii. Element sig. Cvij One wey it [sc. the yerth] is rounde I must consent For this man prouyd it euydent.
1569 S. Batman Christall Glasse Christian Reform. sig. N.iiij Which signifieth most euident and playne, that charitie is nere blynde and can not very well see.
1650 E. F. Embleme Vertuous Woman 10 Which very plaine and evident doth show, Whom God will have preserved shall be so.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

evidentv.

Brit. /ˈɛvᵻd(ə)nt/, U.S. /ˈɛvəd(ə)nt/, /ˈɛvəˌdɛnt/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: evident adj.
Etymology: < evident adj. Compare slightly earlier evidence v.Some later examples may show typographical errors for evidence v.
transitive. = evidence v. (in various senses).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > proof, demonstration > prove, demonstrate [verb (transitive)] > be proof of
provea1200
showa1325
declarec1400
verifyc1430
givec1449
persuadea1525
arguea1538
demonstrate1572
argue1585
put1596
evidence1611
evident1643
to make out1795
1643 W. Prynne Soveraigne Power Parl. ii. 74 As all the old and new Acts..with other such aides in all our Kings Reignes, abundantly evident.
1670 W. Squire tr. F. Suárez in Unreasonableness of Romanists i. 13 The application of this Institution and dignity to this particular Bishoprick, is sufficiently evidented by plain Tradition, and evident use.
1896 Bengal Tiger 31 Jan. 7/2 The interest taken in the Permanent Staff by both Adjutant and Quarter-Master as evidented by their presence at the party.
1984 K. P. Cheung et al. in D. H. Auston & K. B. Eisenthal Ultrafast Phenomena IV 411 A significant amount of phase shift is clearly evidented in Fig. 5 as a result of dispersion.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.adv.a1382v.1643
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