eyebrightn.

Brit.

/ˈʌɪbrʌɪt/, U.S.

/ˈaɪˌbraɪt/

Forms: see eye n.¹ and bright v.

Origin: Probably formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: eye n.¹, bright v.

Etymology: Probably < eye n.¹ + bright v., with allusion to the use of this plant in medicines for the treatment of eye disorders.Compare in the same sense Middle Dutch ogentroost (1543; Dutch oogentroost ), Middle Low German ōgentrōst , Middle High German ougentrōst (German Augentrost ), lit. ‘eye soothe’, and also Middle Dutch claerooge (1588; Dutch klaaroog ), lit. ‘clear eye’. Compare also post-classical Latin ophthalmica , ocularia (short for ocularia herba ) (1534 or earlier), use as noun of feminine of ophthalmicus ophthalmic adj. and ocularis ocular adj. respectively. With the formation (with verb as second element) compare e.g. the plant names self-heal n. and nosebleed n.

a. Originally: a European medicinal plant of the genus Euphrasia (family Orobanchaceae), used to treat eye disorders; also called euphrasy. In later use: any of numerous small hemiparasitic plants constituting this genus, the flowers of which typically have a vein-like pattern and a bright yellow spot towards the centre.There is considerable disagreement among botanists about the number and taxonomy of species within Euphrasia, but a widespread European eyebright (more fully common eyebright) is often recognized under the name E. officinalis or E. nemorosa.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > eyebright

euphrasy?a1500

eyebright1538

Euphrasia1706

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > plant used in medicine > specific plant > euphrasia

euphrasy?a1500

eyebright1538

Euphrasia1706

1538 T. Elyot Dict. Euphrasia, an herbe callyd eybright.

1585 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI Treasury of Health (new ed.) xii. sig. Evij Take of the wood of Aloes, of eybright [etc.].

1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion xiii. 217 He Fumitorie gets, and Eye-bright for the eye.

1671 W. Salmon Synopsis Medicinæ iii. xxii. 399 Eye bright..strengthens the head, eyes and memory, clears the sight.

1718 J. Quincy Pharmacopœia Officinalis 79 Eyebright flowers in June.

1758 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) III. 507 The purple vetch and eyebright soften the golden furs and glowing heath.

1848 C. A. Johns Week at Lizard 271 We find..eye-bright with thick fleshy leaves.

1890 Jrnl. Microsc. & Nat. Sci. 3 41 The parasites are represented by the red Bartsia and the common Eyebright.

1906 Jrnl. Royal Inst. Cornwall 16 249 The late Dr. Ralfs made a brave attempt to unravel the eyebrights of West Cornwall.

1927 J. Buchan Witch Wood viii. 145 The burnside turf was all thyme and eyebright and milkwort, with the stars of the grass of Parnassus in the wet places.

2007 Econ. Bot. 61 248/1 Eyebright's distinctively characteristic striped petals are supposedly reminiscent of bloodshot eyes.

b. Any of several related plants, esp. red bartsia, Odontites vernus, and yellow bartsia, Parentucellia viscosa (both of the family Orobanchaceae), the latter having bright yellow flowers and native to southern and western Europe. Frequently with distinguishing word. Now rare.red eyebright: see red adj. and n. Compounds 1e(d). Cf. eyebright cow-wheat n. at Compounds 2.

ΚΠ

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. xxvii. 39 There is yet an other herbe, whiche some do call Eyebright (although it be not the right Eyebright): it groweth to the heygth of a foote or more... The floures be redde.

1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum xv. 1328 (heading) Eufragia pratensis rubra major. Great red Wooddy Eyebright.

1724 J. J. Dillenius Ray's Synopsis Methodica Stirpium Brit. (ed. 3) *285 Great yellow Marsh Eye-bright.

1771 J. Hill Veg. Syst. XIX. 16 We are accustom'd, where it is wild, to call it [sc. Bartsia Viscosa] Yellow Eyebright.

1829 S. Glover Hist. County of Derby I. iii. 118 Bartsia odontites, purple eyebright, meadows and pastures, July to August.

1838 G. Don Gen. Hist. Dichlamydeous Plants IV. 611/2 O[dontites] viscosa... Flowers yellow... Clammy Eyebright.

1904 F. Townsend Flora Hampshire (new ed.) 284 B[artsia] viscosa, L. Marsh Eyebright.

2007 R. Bolt Madeira & Porto Santo (Cadogan Guides) (ed. 3) iv. 45 The brilliant yellow eyebright (Odontites holliana).

†2. Apparently: a type of strong ale brewed in London in the early 17th cent., perhaps at a tavern called (The) Eyebright (see quot. 1609). Cf. Pimlico n.¹ 1. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > ale or beer > ale > [noun] > other ales

strawberry ale1523

red ale1557

sixteens1584

bottle ale1586

hostler ale1590

Pimlico1609

eyebright1612

quest-ale1681

hugmatee1699

Newcastle brown (ale)1707

pale ale1708

twopenny ale (or beer)1710

twoops1729

flux ale1742

pale1743

Ringwood1759

brown ale1776

light ale1780

blue cap1789

brown1820

India pale ale1837

Tipper1843

ostler ale1861

fourpenny ale1871

four-ale1883

ninepenny1886

Scotch1886

barley wine1940

IPA1953

light1953

real ale1972

1609 Pimlyco sig. D3^v Eye-bright, (so fam'd of late for Beere) Although thy Name be numbred heere, Thine ancient Honors now runne low; Thou art struck blind by Pimlyco.]

1612 B. Jonson Alchemist v. ii. sig. L2^v Men, and Women..[have] beene seene to flock here..as to a second Hogs-den, In dayes of Pimlico, and Eye-bright .

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

a. In sense 1, as eyebright flower, eyebright root.

ΚΠ

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. xxvii. 40 The roote is small as the other Eyebright root.

1606 W. Ram Little Dodeon 71 Eye-bright iuice.

1700 Dr. Lowers Receipts 54 Take of Eye-bright-tops 2 handful.

1902 Pharmaceut. Era 2 June 42/2 (table) Eyebright Herb, pressed.

1987 Heritage Aug.–Sept. 63/2 Either side of a woodland ride, slotted by deer and churned up by ponies, eyebright flowers parasitise the grass roots.

b. spec. (in sense 1a), designating medicinal preparations containing the herb eyebright and typically used for treatment of the eyes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > preparations for treating specific parts > [adjective] > for the eyes

eyebright1569

1569 R. Androse tr. ‘Alessio’ 4th Bk. Secretes i. 1 Take Eyebright water, Fennell water, red Rose water, and Celendine water, of eche an ounce.

1586 W. Baley Briefe Treat. Preserv. Eie Sight (new ed.) 8 (margin) The vse of eiebright ale, and of eiebright beere.

1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xii. 59 Drinke euery morning a small draught of eiebright wine.

1747 J. Wesley Primitive Physick 56 Use Eye-bright Tea daily.

1776 J. Swaine Every Farmer his own Cattle Doctor iii. 111 After which anoint the eyes with eye-bright water.

1821 S. F. Gray Suppl. Pharmacopœia (new ed.) 306 Eye-bright water. Aq. euphrasiæ. From the herb: ophthalmic.

1920 E. S. Rohde Garden of Herbs (1922) 65 Many herbalists also recommend eyebright tea.

2008 Sporting Shooter Nov. 111/4 Cold tea, eyebright infusions and saline can be used to soothe mild irritations.

C2.

eyebright cow-wheat n. now rare either of two plants of the family Orobanchaceae, red bartsia, Odontites vernus, and yellow bartsia, Parentucellia viscosa (cf. sense 1b).

ΚΠ

1597 J. Gerard Herball i. 85 Eiebright Cow wheate.

1684 R. Sibbald Scotl. Illustr. i. ii. v. 23 Euphrasia pratensis rubra, B. P. Parva purpurea Eye-bright Cow-wheat. In pratis.

1738 Magna Britannia Antiqua & Nova (new ed.) IV. 36/1 Crataogonon foliis brevibus obtusis, Eyebright Cow-wheat with short blunt Leaves; near Orton on the Side of a Brook.

1776 W. Withering Bot. Arrangem. Veg. Great Brit. I. 369 Marsh Eyebright Cow-wheat. Boggy wet places in Cornwall.

1819 J. Dugdale New Brit. Traveller III. 276/1 (note) Bartisia [sic] viscosa, Marsh Eyebright Cow Wheat; in bogs about Latham, near Ormskirk.

1863 R. C. A. Prior On Pop. Names Brit. Plants 76 Eyebright Cow-wheat, a plant in some respects resembling both the eyebright and the cow-wheat, Bartsia Odontites, Hud.

1907 J. F. Chanter Hist. Lynton & Countisbury viii. 144 Odontites rubra (Gilib.)... Red Bartsia, or Eyebright Cow-wheat.

1920 W. E. Brenchley Weeds of Farm Land xiii. 208 Bartsia odontites, L.—Eyebright, eyebright cow-wheat, hen gorse, red rattle, sanctuary.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

eyebrightadj.

Brit.

/ˈʌɪbrʌɪt/, U.S.

/ˈaɪˌbraɪt/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: eye n.¹, bright adj.

Etymology: < eye n.¹ + bright adj.

poetic.

†1. Bright-eyed. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adjective] > brisk or active

sprindeOE

whata1000

braga1350

prestc1390

yarea1400

stirringc1400

startingc1440

actious1441

actuala1470

activea1522

queemc1540

skeetc1540

lively1567

alive-like1582

pragmatical1590

spruce1590

agilious1599

brisk1599

sprightly?c1599

brisky1600

alives-like1601

alacrious1602

smart1602

eyebright1603

whisking1611

deedy1615

vibrant1616

sprunt1631

perking1653

alert1654

exilient1654

alacrative1657

eveillé1676

budge1691

jaunty1705

spry1746

sprack1747

alive1748

high-geared1795

rash1805

spicy1828

live1830

deedful1834

yary1855

sprucy1858

alacritous1859

sprackish1882

brash1884

up-and-coming1889

up and doing1901

loose1907

bright-eyed and bushy-tailed1936

buzzy1978

1603 W. Fowldes Strange Battell Frogs & Mise sig. D^v Onely the Owle I dread, and eye-bright Cat, Two cursed murdrers in the dismall night.

2. Bright to the eye; clear.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > intensity of light > [adjective] > bright > as or with specific things

steel-brighta1560

eyebright1607

butter-bright1868

brass-bright1908

1607 T. Tomkis Lingua ii. vi. sig. E2 The shooting Starres, Which in an eye-bright euening seem'd to fall.

1659 W. Chamberlayne Pharonnida iv. iii. 47 One eye-bright morning tempting them to take The start of time, soon as the Lark did wake.

1912 A. Quiller-Couch Vigil of Venus 95 Bathed in the eye-bright beam, Blush to her cheek, be a blossom, a rose!

1969 D. Davie Essex Poems 31 We walked along by the cliffs Over the eye-bright shingle.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	eyebright
释义	eyebrightn. Brit. /ˈʌɪbrʌɪt/, U.S. /ˈaɪˌbraɪt/ Forms: see eye n.¹ and bright v. Origin: Probably formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: eye n.¹, bright v. Etymology: Probably < eye n.¹ + bright v., with allusion to the use of this plant in medicines for the treatment of eye disorders.Compare in the same sense Middle Dutch ogentroost (1543; Dutch oogentroost ), Middle Low German ōgentrōst , Middle High German ougentrōst (German Augentrost ), lit. ‘eye soothe’, and also Middle Dutch claerooge (1588; Dutch klaaroog ), lit. ‘clear eye’. Compare also post-classical Latin ophthalmica , ocularia (short for ocularia herba ) (1534 or earlier), use as noun of feminine of ophthalmicus ophthalmic adj. and ocularis ocular adj. respectively. With the formation (with verb as second element) compare e.g. the plant names self-heal n. and nosebleed n. 1. a. Originally: a European medicinal plant of the genus Euphrasia (family Orobanchaceae), used to treat eye disorders; also called euphrasy. In later use: any of numerous small hemiparasitic plants constituting this genus, the flowers of which typically have a vein-like pattern and a bright yellow spot towards the centre.There is considerable disagreement among botanists about the number and taxonomy of species within Euphrasia, but a widespread European eyebright (more fully common eyebright) is often recognized under the name E. officinalis or E. nemorosa. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > eyebright euphrasy?a1500 eyebright1538 Euphrasia1706 the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > plant used in medicine > specific plant > euphrasia euphrasy?a1500 eyebright1538 Euphrasia1706 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Euphrasia, an herbe callyd eybright. 1585 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI Treasury of Health (new ed.) xii. sig. Evij Take of the wood of Aloes, of eybright [etc.]. 1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion xiii. 217 He Fumitorie gets, and Eye-bright for the eye. 1671 W. Salmon Synopsis Medicinæ iii. xxii. 399 Eye bright..strengthens the head, eyes and memory, clears the sight. 1718 J. Quincy Pharmacopœia Officinalis 79 Eyebright flowers in June. 1758 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) III. 507 The purple vetch and eyebright soften the golden furs and glowing heath. 1848 C. A. Johns Week at Lizard 271 We find..eye-bright with thick fleshy leaves. 1890 Jrnl. Microsc. & Nat. Sci. 3 41 The parasites are represented by the red Bartsia and the common Eyebright. 1906 Jrnl. Royal Inst. Cornwall 16 249 The late Dr. Ralfs made a brave attempt to unravel the eyebrights of West Cornwall. 1927 J. Buchan Witch Wood viii. 145 The burnside turf was all thyme and eyebright and milkwort, with the stars of the grass of Parnassus in the wet places. 2007 Econ. Bot. 61 248/1 Eyebright's distinctively characteristic striped petals are supposedly reminiscent of bloodshot eyes. b. Any of several related plants, esp. red bartsia, Odontites vernus, and yellow bartsia, Parentucellia viscosa (both of the family Orobanchaceae), the latter having bright yellow flowers and native to southern and western Europe. Frequently with distinguishing word. Now rare.red eyebright: see red adj. and n. Compounds 1e(d). Cf. eyebright cow-wheat n. at Compounds 2. ΚΠ 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. xxvii. 39 There is yet an other herbe, whiche some do call Eyebright (although it be not the right Eyebright): it groweth to the heygth of a foote or more... The floures be redde. 1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum xv. 1328 (heading) Eufragia pratensis rubra major. Great red Wooddy Eyebright. 1724 J. J. Dillenius Ray's Synopsis Methodica Stirpium Brit. (ed. 3) 285 Great yellow Marsh Eye-bright. 1771 J. Hill Veg. Syst.* XIX. 16 We are accustom'd, where it is wild, to call it [sc. Bartsia Viscosa] Yellow Eyebright. 1829 S. Glover Hist. County of Derby I. iii. 118 Bartsia odontites, purple eyebright, meadows and pastures, July to August. 1838 G. Don Gen. Hist. Dichlamydeous Plants IV. 611/2 O[dontites] viscosa... Flowers yellow... Clammy Eyebright. 1904 F. Townsend Flora Hampshire (new ed.) 284 B[artsia] viscosa, L. Marsh Eyebright. 2007 R. Bolt Madeira & Porto Santo (Cadogan Guides) (ed. 3) iv. 45 The brilliant yellow eyebright (Odontites holliana). †2. Apparently: a type of strong ale brewed in London in the early 17th cent., perhaps at a tavern called (The) Eyebright (see quot. 1609). Cf. Pimlico n.¹ 1. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > ale or beer > ale > [noun] > other ales strawberry ale1523 red ale1557 sixteens1584 bottle ale1586 hostler ale1590 Pimlico1609 eyebright1612 quest-ale1681 hugmatee1699 Newcastle brown (ale)1707 pale ale1708 twopenny ale (or beer)1710 twoops1729 flux ale1742 pale1743 Ringwood1759 brown ale1776 light ale1780 blue cap1789 brown1820 India pale ale1837 Tipper1843 ostler ale1861 fourpenny ale1871 four-ale1883 ninepenny1886 Scotch1886 barley wine1940 IPA1953 light1953 real ale1972 1609 Pimlyco sig. D3^v Eye-bright, (so fam'd of late for Beere) Although thy Name be numbred heere, Thine ancient Honors now runne low; Thou art struck blind by Pimlyco.] 1612 B. Jonson Alchemist v. ii. sig. L2^v Men, and Women..[have] beene seene to flock here..as to a second Hogs-den, In dayes of Pimlico, and Eye-bright . View more context for this quotation Compounds C1. General attributive. a. In sense 1, as eyebright flower, eyebright root. ΚΠ 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. xxvii. 40 The roote is small as the other Eyebright root. 1606 W. Ram Little Dodeon 71 Eye-bright iuice. 1700 Dr. Lowers Receipts 54 Take of Eye-bright-tops 2 handful. 1902 Pharmaceut. Era 2 June 42/2 (table) Eyebright Herb, pressed. 1987 Heritage Aug.–Sept. 63/2 Either side of a woodland ride, slotted by deer and churned up by ponies, eyebright flowers parasitise the grass roots. b. spec. (in sense 1a), designating medicinal preparations containing the herb eyebright and typically used for treatment of the eyes. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > preparations for treating specific parts > [adjective] > for the eyes eyebright1569 1569 R. Androse tr. ‘Alessio’ 4th Bk. Secretes i. 1 Take Eyebright water, Fennell water, red Rose water, and Celendine water, of eche an ounce. 1586 W. Baley Briefe Treat. Preserv. Eie Sight (new ed.) 8 (margin) The vse of eiebright ale, and of eiebright beere. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xii. 59 Drinke euery morning a small draught of eiebright wine. 1747 J. Wesley Primitive Physick 56 Use Eye-bright Tea daily. 1776 J. Swaine Every Farmer his own Cattle Doctor iii. 111 After which anoint the eyes with eye-bright water. 1821 S. F. Gray Suppl. Pharmacopœia (new ed.) 306 Eye-bright water. Aq. euphrasiæ. From the herb: ophthalmic. 1920 E. S. Rohde Garden of Herbs (1922) 65 Many herbalists also recommend eyebright tea. 2008 Sporting Shooter Nov. 111/4 Cold tea, eyebright infusions and saline can be used to soothe mild irritations. C2. eyebright cow-wheat n. now rare either of two plants of the family Orobanchaceae, red bartsia, Odontites vernus, and yellow bartsia, Parentucellia viscosa (cf. sense 1b). ΚΠ 1597 J. Gerard Herball i. 85 Eiebright Cow wheate. 1684 R. Sibbald Scotl. Illustr. i. ii. v. 23 Euphrasia pratensis rubra, B. P. Parva purpurea Eye-bright Cow-wheat. In pratis. 1738 Magna Britannia Antiqua & Nova (new ed.) IV. 36/1 Crataogonon foliis brevibus obtusis, Eyebright Cow-wheat with short blunt Leaves; near Orton on the Side of a Brook. 1776 W. Withering Bot. Arrangem. Veg. Great Brit. I. 369 Marsh Eyebright Cow-wheat. Boggy wet places in Cornwall. 1819 J. Dugdale New Brit. Traveller III. 276/1 (note) Bartisia [sic] viscosa, Marsh Eyebright Cow Wheat; in bogs about Latham, near Ormskirk. 1863 R. C. A. Prior On Pop. Names Brit. Plants 76 Eyebright Cow-wheat, a plant in some respects resembling both the eyebright and the cow-wheat, Bartsia Odontites, Hud. 1907 J. F. Chanter Hist. Lynton & Countisbury viii. 144 Odontites rubra (Gilib.)... Red Bartsia, or Eyebright Cow-wheat. 1920 W. E. Brenchley Weeds of Farm Land xiii. 208 Bartsia odontites, L.—Eyebright, eyebright cow-wheat, hen gorse, red rattle, sanctuary. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). eyebrightadj. Brit. /ˈʌɪbrʌɪt/, U.S. /ˈaɪˌbraɪt/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: eye n.¹, bright adj. Etymology: < eye n.¹ + bright adj. poetic. †1. Bright-eyed. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adjective] > brisk or active sprindeOE whata1000 braga1350 prestc1390 yarea1400 stirringc1400 startingc1440 actious1441 actuala1470 activea1522 queemc1540 skeetc1540 lively1567 alive-like1582 pragmatical1590 spruce1590 agilious1599 brisk1599 sprightly?c1599 brisky1600 alives-like1601 alacrious1602 smart1602 eyebright1603 whisking1611 deedy1615 vibrant1616 sprunt1631 perking1653 alert1654 exilient1654 alacrative1657 eveillé1676 budge1691 jaunty1705 spry1746 sprack1747 alive1748 high-geared1795 rash1805 spicy1828 live1830 deedful1834 yary1855 sprucy1858 alacritous1859 sprackish1882 brash1884 up-and-coming1889 up and doing1901 loose1907 bright-eyed and bushy-tailed1936 buzzy1978 1603 W. Fowldes Strange Battell Frogs & Mise sig. D^v Onely the Owle I dread, and eye-bright Cat, Two cursed murdrers in the dismall night. 2. Bright to the eye; clear. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > intensity of light > [adjective] > bright > as or with specific things steel-brighta1560 eyebright1607 butter-bright1868 brass-bright1908 1607 T. Tomkis Lingua ii. vi. sig. E2 The shooting Starres, Which in an eye-bright euening seem'd to fall. 1659 W. Chamberlayne Pharonnida iv. iii. 47 One eye-bright morning tempting them to take The start of time, soon as the Lark did wake. 1912 A. Quiller-Couch Vigil of Venus 95 Bathed in the eye-bright beam, Blush to her cheek, be a blossom, a rose! 1969 D. Davie Essex Poems 31 We walked along by the cliffs Over the eye-bright shingle. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1538adj.1603
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