anilinen.

Brit. /ˈanᵻliːn/, /ˈanl̩iːn/, /ˈanᵻlʌɪn/, /ˈanl̩ʌɪn/, /ˈanᵻlɪn/, /ˈanl̩ɪn/, U.S. /ˈænəˌlaɪn/, /ˈænələn/

Etymology: < (by Fritzche 1841) anil n. indigo + -ine suffix¹.

Brit. Chem.

1. A chemical base important in the arts as the source of many beautiful dyes; obtained originally by distilling indigo with caustic potash, but subsequently from many other sources, especially coal-tar.

A. is a colourless, oily, aromatic, volatile liquid, of constitution C₆H₅(NH₂), which may be viewed as ammonia in which one hydrogen atom is replaced by the compound radical phenyl C₆H₅, hence also called phenylamine; or as benzol C₆H₆, in which one atom of H is replaced by amidogen NH₂, whence also called amidobenzol and amidobenzene. It forms crystalline salts with acids, e.g. aniline acetate, aniline oxalate, aniline sulphate, aniline nitrate, etc., and compound anilines in which one or both the hydrogen atoms in NH₂ are replaced by radicals, as ethylaniline, diethyl-aniline, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic compounds > [noun] > aniline

crystallin1833

aniline1850

phenylamine1850

kyanol1855

phenylia1857

1850 C. G. B. Daubeny Atom. Theory (ed. 2) viii. 237 [Isatine] if heated along with potass, yields an organic base capable of neutralizing acids..which is called aniline.

1860 G. W. S. Piesse Lab. Chem. Wonders 138 Obtaining a dye, Aniline, from the waste tar of gas works.

1861 London Rev. 22 June 732 Aniline is a colourless liquid, with a strong aromatic odour, and a sharp burning taste..From this aniline chemists are now preparing every shade of blue and red.

2. attrib. in aniline dyes, aniline colours, aniline black, aniline red, aniline purple, aniline yellow, aniline green, etc., aniline printing, aniline process, etc.; and in Chem. in aniline series, aniline compounds, aniline acetate, etc.

ΚΠ

1864 Daily Tel. 29 July That exquisite purple tint which is due to the modern discovery of the aniline dyes.

1869 Eng. Mech. 2 July 340/3 Aniline colours derived from coal were discovered in 1856.

1869 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (new ed.) xxxix. 383 We get..aniline acetate; and this on heating loses a molecule of water, yielding an amide called acetanilide.

1875 H. W. Vogel Chem. Light xv. 247 The aniline-printing invented by Willis.

1878 A. M. Hamilton Nerv. Dis. 21 The black anilin process of Herbert Major.

1884 N.E.D. at Aniline, Mod. An aniline copying pencil.

3. As final element in many names of aniline derivatives; as chrysaniline, leucaniline, rosaniline, etc.

ΚΠ

1872 H. Watts Dict. Chem. VI. 160 A considerable quantity of very pure hydrochloride of rosaniline.

1875 A. Ure Dict. Arts I. 187 Aniline-yellow..The name of Chrysaniline has been given to this very beautiful yellow colour. Hofmann has shown that chrysaniline is intimately related to rosaniline and leucaniline.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1884; most recently modified version published online November 2010).

单词	aniline
释义	anilinen. Brit. /ˈanᵻliːn/, /ˈanl̩iːn/, /ˈanᵻlʌɪn/, /ˈanl̩ʌɪn/, /ˈanᵻlɪn/, /ˈanl̩ɪn/, U.S. /ˈænəˌlaɪn/, /ˈænələn/ Etymology: < (by Fritzche 1841) anil n. indigo + -ine suffix¹. Brit. Chem. 1. A chemical base important in the arts as the source of many beautiful dyes; obtained originally by distilling indigo with caustic potash, but subsequently from many other sources, especially coal-tar. A. is a colourless, oily, aromatic, volatile liquid, of constitution C₆H₅(NH₂), which may be viewed as ammonia in which one hydrogen atom is replaced by the compound radical phenyl C₆H₅, hence also called phenylamine; or as benzol C₆H₆, in which one atom of H is replaced by amidogen NH₂, whence also called amidobenzol and amidobenzene. It forms crystalline salts with acids, e.g. aniline acetate, aniline oxalate, aniline sulphate, aniline nitrate, etc., and compound anilines in which one or both the hydrogen atoms in NH₂ are replaced by radicals, as ethylaniline, diethyl-aniline, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic compounds > [noun] > aniline crystallin1833 aniline1850 phenylamine1850 kyanol1855 phenylia1857 1850 C. G. B. Daubeny Atom. Theory (ed. 2) viii. 237 [Isatine] if heated along with potass, yields an organic base capable of neutralizing acids..which is called aniline. 1860 G. W. S. Piesse Lab. Chem. Wonders 138 Obtaining a dye, Aniline, from the waste tar of gas works. 1861 London Rev. 22 June 732 Aniline is a colourless liquid, with a strong aromatic odour, and a sharp burning taste..From this aniline chemists are now preparing every shade of blue and red. 2. attrib. in aniline dyes, aniline colours, aniline black, aniline red, aniline purple, aniline yellow, aniline green, etc., aniline printing, aniline process, etc.; and in Chem. in aniline series, aniline compounds, aniline acetate, etc. ΚΠ 1864 Daily Tel. 29 July That exquisite purple tint which is due to the modern discovery of the aniline dyes. 1869 Eng. Mech. 2 July 340/3 Aniline colours derived from coal were discovered in 1856. 1869 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (new ed.) xxxix. 383 We get..aniline acetate; and this on heating loses a molecule of water, yielding an amide called acetanilide. 1875 H. W. Vogel Chem. Light xv. 247 The aniline-printing invented by Willis. 1878 A. M. Hamilton Nerv. Dis. 21 The black anilin process of Herbert Major. 1884 N.E.D. at Aniline, Mod. An aniline copying pencil. 3. As final element in many names of aniline derivatives; as chrysaniline, leucaniline, rosaniline, etc. ΚΠ 1872 H. Watts Dict. Chem. VI. 160 A considerable quantity of very pure hydrochloride of rosaniline. 1875 A. Ure Dict. Arts I. 187 Aniline-yellow..The name of Chrysaniline has been given to this very beautiful yellow colour. Hofmann has shown that chrysaniline is intimately related to rosaniline and leucaniline. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1884; most recently modified version published online November 2010). < n.1850
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