firn.

Brit.

/fəː/, U.S.

/fər/

Forms: Middle English–1700s firr, Middle English fer, southern ve(e)r, Middle English fyr(re, southern vyrre, Middle English–1600s firre, (1500s fire, 1600s fyre), 1600s fur, Middle English– fir.

Etymology: Middle English firr. firre , perhaps representing Old English *fyre or Old Norse fyri- (in combinations fyriskógr fir-wood, etc.; compare Danish fyr ) < Old Germanic *furhjôn- < *furhâ , forhâ , whence Old English furh(wudu) , Old High German forha (Middle High German vorhe , German föhre ), Old Norse, Norwegian, Swedish fura . For the formation compare beech n., Old English béce < *bôkjôn < bôkâ (German buche). A form differing in ablaut-grade is Old High German vereh-eih (rare early modern German ferch), Lombard fereha, all denoting a kind of oak (Latin aesculus). The Latin quercus oak is doubtless cognate.

1. The name given to a number of coniferous trees, of different genera. Scotch fir n. = Scots pine n. silver fir n. ( Abies pectinata) a native of the mountainous parts of middle and southern Europe; so called from its whiteness under the leaves. silver fir of Canada ( Abies balsamea), a small tree which furnishes ‘Canada balsam’.The first quot. is doubtful: the word may be far n.See also spruce fir n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > fir-tree

spurch1295

firc1381

fir-treea1382

mast tree1597

white fir1605

Scotch fir1673

silver fir1707

Scotchman1807

fir balsam1810

Alpine fir1819

deal treea1825

pinsapo1839

fir-pine1843

red fir1852

grand fir1874

mountain balsam1878

Shasta fir1897

Santa Lucia fir1905

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > pines and allies

pine treeeOE

pineOE

pine-nut treec1330

pineapplec1390

pineapple treea1398

mountain pine1597

pine1597

mountain pine1601

frankincense1611

rosin flower?1611

black pine1683

Scotch pine1706

yellow pine1709

Jersey pine1743

loblolly pine1760

mugoa1768

Scots pine1774

Scotch fir1777

arrow plant1779

scrub pine1791

Georgia pine1796

old field pine1797

tamarack1805

grey pine1810

pond pine1810

New Jersey pine1818

loblolly1819

Corsican pine1824

celery-top pine1827

toatoa1831

heavy-wooded pine1836

nut pine1845

celery pine1851

celery-topped pine1851

sugar-pine1853

western white pine1857

Jeffrey1858

Korean pine1858

lodge-pole pine1859

jack pine1863

whitebark pine1864

twisted pine1866

Monterey pine1868

tanekaha1875

chir1882

slash-pine1882

celery-leaved pine1883

knee-pine1884

knobcone pine1884

matsu1884

meadow pine1884

Alaska pine1890

limber pine1901

bristlecone pine1908

o-matsu1916

insignis1920

radiata1953

c1381 G. Chaucer Parl. Foules 179 The sayling firr.

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Tollem. MS) (1495) xvii. iv Veer [1535 Fer] is a tre þat streccheþ in lengþe upwarde.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 11501 Rekels..es a gum þat cummes of firr.

1480 W. Worcester in J. Nasmith Itineraria (1778) 175 Arbores et mastys de vyrre cum anchoris jacent.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 220/2 Fyrre a tree, sappin.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. i. sig. A4 The firre that weepeth still.

1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia i. 19 The rocky clifts..overgrown with Firre.

1713 Countess of Winchilsea Misc. Poems 188 The silver Firr dotes on the stately Pine.

1777 Hunter in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 68 47 Spruce fir, Scotch fir, Silver fir, Weymouth fir.

1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xxviii. 446 Silver Fir is so named from the whiteness of the leaves underneath.

1830 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. 192 ‘As a nurse’..‘no other tree equals the Scotch fir.’

1871 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Odyssey I. v. 131 Firs that reach the clouds.

a. The wood of any of these trees. fir-in-bond, ‘a name given to lintels, bond-timbers, wall-plates, and indeed all timbers built in walls’ (1846 Buchanan Technol. Dict.).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > fir

fira1398

spruce1400

deal1601

yellow deal1734

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. cxxi. 1018 Þe ver..rotyeþ anon vnder erthe.

1611 Bible (King James) 1 Kings vi. 15 Hee..couered the floore of the house with plankes of firre .

1677 A. Yarranton England's Improvem. 69 Many Cities are built of Fir.

1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 261 The fir which is mostly used in carpentry is distinguished by the name of Memel Fir.

b. Scottish. = candle-fir n. at candle n. Compounds 2.

ΚΠ

1813 W. Beattie Entertaining & Instructive Tales i. 31 Pate..but-a-house dare hardly look, But had, and snuff the fir.

Compounds

C1.

a. General attributive.

(a) (In sense 1.)

fir-bark n.

ΚΠ

1840 C. Norton Dream 2 The changeful beams still play'd On the fir-bark.

fir-clump n.

ΚΠ

1842 F. W. Faber Styrian Lake 356 Groupes of birch..Rise up..Among the fir-clumps dark.

fir-cone n.

ΚΠ

1818 J. Keats Endymion i. 16 Oak apples, and fir cones brown.

fir-coning n. Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1819 M. R. Mitford in A. G. L'Estrange Life M. R. Mitford (1870) II. 56 I like it [reading]..better than fir-coning—better than violeting.

fir-green n.

ΚΠ

1884 Girl's Own Paper 29 Nov. 136/1 The newest greens are called cresson and ‘fir-green’.

fir-plantation n.

ΚΠ

1824 M. R. Mitford Our Village (1863) I. 61 The dark verdure of the fir-plantations.

fir-seed n.

ΚΠ

1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 63 in Sylva Sow Pine-kernels, Firr-seeds.

fir-top n.

ΚΠ

1855 C. Kingsley Heroes ii. 212 Upon the fir-tops hung the bones of murdered men.

fir-wood n.

ΚΠ

a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) VII. 21 Ther be founde in Morisch and Mossy Ground..Fyrwoodde Rootes.

1611 Bible (King James) 2 Sam. vi. 5 Instruments made of Firre-wood .

1877 W. Black Green Pastures (1878) ii. 12 That distant line of firwood on the horizon.

(b) (In sense 2.)

fir-lathing n.

ΚΠ

1884 Internat. Health Exhib. Official Catal. 84/1 Webbing made of reed and used in substitution of fir-lathing.

fir-plank n.

ΚΠ

1855 H. Clarke New Dict. Eng. Lang. at Fir Fir-plank.

fir-pole n.

ΚΠ

1680 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. x. 185 The Pole is commonly made of a Fir-pole.

1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 223 Fir-poles, small trunks of fir~trees.

fir-timber n.

ΚΠ

1858 Skyring's Builders' Prices 62 Memel and all other fir timbers.

b. Instrumental or parasynthetic.

fir-bordered adj.

ΚΠ

1891 Daily News 7 Sept. 2/1 Along the fir-bordered road.

fir-built adj.

ΚΠ

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Fir~built, constructed of fir.

fir-scented adj.

ΚΠ

1880 ‘Ouida’ Moths II. 384 He was thinking of green, cool, dusky, fir-scented Ischl.

fir-topped adj.

ΚΠ

1886 Pall Mall Gaz. 28 Aug. 3/2 The fir-topped hill that shuts out the view of the lake.

C2. Also fir-tree n.

fir-apple n. the fruit of the fir-tree; a fir-cone.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > fir- or pine-cone

pine nuteOE

nutOE

pineapplea1398

cone1562

cone-nut1562

pineapple nut1568

clog1577

chat1697

fir-apple1712

pine cone1723

strobilus1753

strobile1777

fir-bob1854

fir-ball1878

dennebol1909

1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 147 The Fir-Tree..bears a scaly Fruit of a piramidal Figure, call'd the Fir-Apple.

fir-ball n. = fir-apple n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > fir- or pine-cone

pine nuteOE

nutOE

pineapplea1398

cone1562

cone-nut1562

pineapple nut1568

clog1577

chat1697

fir-apple1712

pine cone1723

strobilus1753

strobile1777

fir-bob1854

fir-ball1878

dennebol1909

1878 J. Britten & R. Holland Dict. Eng. Plant-names 184 Fir Apple..Fir Balls..Fir-bob.

fir balsam n. the silver fir of Canada, Abies balsamea.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > fir-tree

spurch1295

firc1381

fir-treea1382

mast tree1597

white fir1605

Scotch fir1673

silver fir1707

Scotchman1807

fir balsam1810

Alpine fir1819

deal treea1825

pinsapo1839

fir-pine1843

red fir1852

grand fir1874

mountain balsam1878

Shasta fir1897

Santa Lucia fir1905

1810 F. A. Michaux Histoire des Arbres Forestiers de l'Amérique Septentrionale I. 18 Sylvir fir,..Fir balsam,..[ou] Balsam of Gilead tree.

1899 S. O. Jewett Queen's Twin 16 Fir balsams comin' up over the hill all green an' hearty.

† fir-beech n. Obsolete the lime or linden tree (Latin tilia).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > tree or plant bearing citrus fruit > lime trees

linda700

bast treea1425

linnc1475

tilleul1530

pry1573

fir-beech1577

linden1577

teil1589

linden-tree1591

tillet1601

bass-wood1670

red lime1709

lime-tree1748

parakeet bur1866

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 100^v The Fyrre, the Oke, the Chestnutte, the Fyrrebeech.

fir-bob n. = fir-apple n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > fir- or pine-cone

pine nuteOE

nutOE

pineapplea1398

cone1562

cone-nut1562

pineapple nut1568

clog1577

chat1697

fir-apple1712

pine cone1723

strobilus1753

strobile1777

fir-bob1854

fir-ball1878

dennebol1909

1854 Househ. Words IX. 327/2 The fire was always in that state when somebody had..to unload his pockets of fir-bobs, which..threw beautiful dancing lights.

fir-brush n. (see quot.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > needle or needles

needle1798

pine-straw1832

pine tag1835

pine needle1844

straw1856

spine1859

fir-brush1879

fir-needle1883

1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. Fir-brushes, the needle-foliage of fir trees.

fir-candle n. = sense 2b.

fir-cedar n. (see quot.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > cedar and allies > [noun]

cedarc1000

cedar-treec1000

fir-cedar1601

white cedar1654

arbor vitae1664

Thuya1707

thuja1764

American arbor vitae1785

Honduras cedar1799

Cedrela1832

kawaka1832

deodar1842

stinking cedar1866

stinking yew1866

Alaska cedar1874

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 179 The great Cedar, called by the Greeks Cedrelate, as one would say, the Fir-Cedre, yeeldeth a certain pitch or parrosin named Cedria.

fir club-moss n. = fir-moss n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > moss > [noun] > club-moss or moss-like ferns

dwarf cypress1548

heath-cypress1551

pine1551

wolf's-claw1578

club-moss1597

wolf-claw1597

wolf's-foot1597

tree-moss1611

Selagoa1627

cypress-moss1640

mountain moss1688

lycopodium1706

stag's horn (also staghorn) moss1741

walking fern1814

tod-tails1820

Robin Hood's hatband1828

resurrection plant1841

ground-pine1847

forks and knives1853

fir club-moss1855

lycopod1861

Selaginella1865

foxtail1866

stag-head or stag's head moss1869

fir-moss1879

hog-bed1900

1855 A. Pratt Ferns 138 Order Lycopodiaceæ, L. Selago (Fir Club-moss, Upright Fir-moss).

fir-deal n. a deal or plank of fir; also, fir-wood cut in planks.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood in specific form > [noun] > board or plank > types of

quarter-board1355

deal1400

fir-deala1450

planchettec1450

crust1486

deal-board1568

slab1573

scabbard1635

scale1683

scale-board1711

planchet1730

shinbin1791

rack deal1808

rack1835

shinlog1842

slabwood1844

a1450 Rature (in Hull Trin. House Records) Item for euerie hundreth of firre deales, xijd.

1558 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 183 Ffyrdells of the biggest sorte..litle firdells..doble firr sparrs.

a1618 W. Raleigh Observ. in Remains (1661) 180 The huge piles of Wainscot, Clapboard, Firdeal, Masts, and Timber..in the Low-countries.

fir-marigold n. (see quot.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Mesembriaccae (fig-marigold and allies) > [noun]

fig-marigold1731

ficoid1736

ficoides1753

Mesembryanthemum1824

fir-marigold1834

ficoidal1846

noon-flower1856

fox-chop1866

mesem1928

vygie1931

1834 T. Pringle Afr. Sketches ix. 308 The fir~marigold [mesembryanthemum] was expanding its radiated crowns over thousands of acres.

fir-moss n. (see quot.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > moss > [noun] > club-moss or moss-like ferns

dwarf cypress1548

heath-cypress1551

pine1551

wolf's-claw1578

club-moss1597

wolf-claw1597

wolf's-foot1597

tree-moss1611

Selagoa1627

cypress-moss1640

mountain moss1688

lycopodium1706

stag's horn (also staghorn) moss1741

walking fern1814

tod-tails1820

Robin Hood's hatband1828

resurrection plant1841

ground-pine1847

forks and knives1853

fir club-moss1855

lycopod1861

Selaginella1865

foxtail1866

stag-head or stag's head moss1869

fir-moss1879

hog-bed1900

1879 R. C. A. Prior On Pop. Names Brit. Plants (ed. 3) 80 Fir-moss, a mossy looking plant like a little fir-tree, Lycopodium Selago.

fir-needle n. (see quot.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > needle or needles

needle1798

pine-straw1832

pine tag1835

pine needle1844

straw1856

spine1859

fir-brush1879

fir-needle1883

1883 W. H. Cope Gloss. Hampshire Words Fir-needles, the leaves of the Scotch Fir.

fir-pine n. = sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > fir-tree

spurch1295

firc1381

fir-treea1382

mast tree1597

white fir1605

Scotch fir1673

silver fir1707

Scotchman1807

fir balsam1810

Alpine fir1819

deal treea1825

pinsapo1839

fir-pine1843

red fir1852

grand fir1874

mountain balsam1878

Shasta fir1897

Santa Lucia fir1905

1843 F. Marryat Narr. Trav. M. Violet III. iv. 71 The fir-pines..told us that we had reached the highest point of the hills.

fir-rape n. a parasitic plant on roots of fir and beech ( Hypopithys multiflora).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > poisonous or harmful plants > parasitic plants > [noun] > monotropa genus (Indian pipe)

Monotropa1753

wax-plant1801

Indian pipe1822

pinesap1824

tobacco-pipe1845

ghost plant1856

fir-rape1861

Indian pipestem1869

1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. III. 384 Order Monotropeæ..(Yellow Bird's-nest)..called also Fir-rape.

1884 Evangelical Mag. Feb. 60 The Fir-Rape..grows at the foot of beech and fir trees.

fir sawfly n. Lophyrus abietis, especially harmful to the fir tree.

ΚΠ

1862 T. W. Harris Treat. Insects Injurious to Vegetation (ed. 3) 520 The pine and fir saw-flies, described by Kollar.

fir-spell n. dialect = sense 2b (in quot. referring to fir-roots so used).

ΚΠ

1697 Philos. Trans. 1695–7 (Royal Soc.) 19 382 Examine the Fir-spells, as they call them, who are brought up the River Ouse by the Turff-men and sold at York.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	fir
释义	firn. Brit. /fəː/, U.S. /fər/ Forms: Middle English–1700s firr, Middle English fer, southern ve(e)r, Middle English fyr(re, southern vyrre, Middle English–1600s firre, (1500s fire, 1600s fyre), 1600s fur, Middle English– fir. Etymology: Middle English firr. firre , perhaps representing Old English fyre or Old Norse fyri-* (in combinations fyriskógr fir-wood, etc.; compare Danish fyr ) < Old Germanic furhjôn- < furhâ , forhâ , whence Old English furh(wudu) , Old High German forha (Middle High German vorhe , German föhre ), Old Norse, Norwegian, Swedish fura . For the formation compare beech n., Old English béce < bôkjôn < bôkâ* (German buche). A form differing in ablaut-grade is Old High German vereh-eih (rare early modern German ferch), Lombard fereha, all denoting a kind of oak (Latin aesculus). The Latin quercus oak is doubtless cognate. 1. The name given to a number of coniferous trees, of different genera. Scotch fir n. = Scots pine n. silver fir n. ( Abies pectinata) a native of the mountainous parts of middle and southern Europe; so called from its whiteness under the leaves. silver fir of Canada ( Abies balsamea), a small tree which furnishes ‘Canada balsam’.The first quot. is doubtful: the word may be far n.See also spruce fir n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > fir-tree spurch1295 firc1381 fir-treea1382 mast tree1597 white fir1605 Scotch fir1673 silver fir1707 Scotchman1807 fir balsam1810 Alpine fir1819 deal treea1825 pinsapo1839 fir-pine1843 red fir1852 grand fir1874 mountain balsam1878 Shasta fir1897 Santa Lucia fir1905 the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > pines and allies pine treeeOE pineOE pine-nut treec1330 pineapplec1390 pineapple treea1398 mountain pine1597 pine1597 mountain pine1601 frankincense1611 rosin flower?1611 black pine1683 Scotch pine1706 yellow pine1709 Jersey pine1743 loblolly pine1760 mugoa1768 Scots pine1774 Scotch fir1777 arrow plant1779 scrub pine1791 Georgia pine1796 old field pine1797 tamarack1805 grey pine1810 pond pine1810 New Jersey pine1818 loblolly1819 Corsican pine1824 celery-top pine1827 toatoa1831 heavy-wooded pine1836 nut pine1845 celery pine1851 celery-topped pine1851 sugar-pine1853 western white pine1857 Jeffrey1858 Korean pine1858 lodge-pole pine1859 jack pine1863 whitebark pine1864 twisted pine1866 Monterey pine1868 tanekaha1875 chir1882 slash-pine1882 celery-leaved pine1883 knee-pine1884 knobcone pine1884 matsu1884 meadow pine1884 Alaska pine1890 limber pine1901 bristlecone pine1908 o-matsu1916 insignis1920 radiata1953 c1381 G. Chaucer Parl. Foules 179 The sayling firr. 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Tollem. MS) (1495) xvii. iv Veer [1535 Fer] is a tre þat streccheþ in lengþe upwarde. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 11501 Rekels..es a gum þat cummes of firr. 1480 W. Worcester in J. Nasmith Itineraria (1778) 175 Arbores et mastys de vyrre cum anchoris jacent. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 220/2 Fyrre a tree, sappin. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. i. sig. A4 The firre that weepeth still. 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia i. 19 The rocky clifts..overgrown with Firre. 1713 Countess of Winchilsea Misc. Poems 188 The silver Firr dotes on the stately Pine. 1777 Hunter in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 68 47 Spruce fir, Scotch fir, Silver fir, Weymouth fir. 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xxviii. 446 Silver Fir is so named from the whiteness of the leaves underneath. 1830 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. 192 ‘As a nurse’..‘no other tree equals the Scotch fir.’ 1871 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Odyssey I. v. 131 Firs that reach the clouds. 2. a. The wood of any of these trees. fir-in-bond, ‘a name given to lintels, bond-timbers, wall-plates, and indeed all timbers built in walls’ (1846 Buchanan Technol. Dict.). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > fir fira1398 spruce1400 deal1601 yellow deal1734 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. cxxi. 1018 Þe ver..rotyeþ anon vnder erthe. 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Kings vi. 15 Hee..couered the floore of the house with plankes of firre . View more context for this quotation 1677 A. Yarranton England's Improvem. 69 Many Cities are built of Fir. 1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 261 The fir which is mostly used in carpentry is distinguished by the name of Memel Fir. b. Scottish. = candle-fir n. at candle n. Compounds 2. ΚΠ 1813 W. Beattie Entertaining & Instructive Tales i. 31 Pate..but-a-house dare hardly look, But had, and snuff the fir. Compounds C1. a. General attributive. (a) (In sense 1.) fir-bark n. ΚΠ 1840 C. Norton Dream 2 The changeful beams still play'd On the fir-bark. fir-clump n. ΚΠ 1842 F. W. Faber Styrian Lake 356 Groupes of birch..Rise up..Among the fir-clumps dark. fir-cone n. ΚΠ 1818 J. Keats Endymion i. 16 Oak apples, and fir cones brown. fir-coning n. Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1819 M. R. Mitford in A. G. L'Estrange Life M. R. Mitford (1870) II. 56 I like it [reading]..better than fir-coning—better than violeting. fir-green n. ΚΠ 1884 Girl's Own Paper 29 Nov. 136/1 The newest greens are called cresson and ‘fir-green’. fir-plantation n. ΚΠ 1824 M. R. Mitford Our Village (1863) I. 61 The dark verdure of the fir-plantations. fir-seed n. ΚΠ 1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 63 in Sylva Sow Pine-kernels, Firr-seeds. fir-top n. ΚΠ 1855 C. Kingsley Heroes ii. 212 Upon the fir-tops hung the bones of murdered men. fir-wood n. ΚΠ a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) VII. 21 Ther be founde in Morisch and Mossy Ground..Fyrwoodde Rootes. 1611 Bible (King James) 2 Sam. vi. 5 Instruments made of Firre-wood . View more context for this quotation 1877 W. Black Green Pastures (1878) ii. 12 That distant line of firwood on the horizon. (b) (In sense 2.) fir-lathing n. ΚΠ 1884 Internat. Health Exhib. Official Catal. 84/1 Webbing made of reed and used in substitution of fir-lathing. fir-plank n. ΚΠ 1855 H. Clarke New Dict. Eng. Lang. at Fir Fir-plank. fir-pole n. ΚΠ 1680 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. x. 185 The Pole is commonly made of a Fir-pole. 1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 223 Fir-poles, small trunks of fir~trees. fir-timber n. ΚΠ 1858 Skyring's Builders' Prices 62 Memel and all other fir timbers. b. Instrumental or parasynthetic. fir-bordered adj. ΚΠ 1891 Daily News 7 Sept. 2/1 Along the fir-bordered road. fir-built adj. ΚΠ 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Fir~built, constructed of fir. fir-scented adj. ΚΠ 1880 ‘Ouida’ Moths II. 384 He was thinking of green, cool, dusky, fir-scented Ischl. fir-topped adj. ΚΠ 1886 Pall Mall Gaz. 28 Aug. 3/2 The fir-topped hill that shuts out the view of the lake. C2. Also fir-tree n. fir-apple n. the fruit of the fir-tree; a fir-cone. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > fir- or pine-cone pine nuteOE nutOE pineapplea1398 cone1562 cone-nut1562 pineapple nut1568 clog1577 chat1697 fir-apple1712 pine cone1723 strobilus1753 strobile1777 fir-bob1854 fir-ball1878 dennebol1909 1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 147 The Fir-Tree..bears a scaly Fruit of a piramidal Figure, call'd the Fir-Apple. fir-ball n. = fir-apple n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > fir- or pine-cone pine nuteOE nutOE pineapplea1398 cone1562 cone-nut1562 pineapple nut1568 clog1577 chat1697 fir-apple1712 pine cone1723 strobilus1753 strobile1777 fir-bob1854 fir-ball1878 dennebol1909 1878 J. Britten & R. Holland Dict. Eng. Plant-names 184 Fir Apple..Fir Balls..Fir-bob. fir balsam n. the silver fir of Canada, Abies balsamea. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > fir-tree spurch1295 firc1381 fir-treea1382 mast tree1597 white fir1605 Scotch fir1673 silver fir1707 Scotchman1807 fir balsam1810 Alpine fir1819 deal treea1825 pinsapo1839 fir-pine1843 red fir1852 grand fir1874 mountain balsam1878 Shasta fir1897 Santa Lucia fir1905 1810 F. A. Michaux Histoire des Arbres Forestiers de l'Amérique Septentrionale I. 18 Sylvir fir,..Fir balsam,..[ou] Balsam of Gilead tree. 1899 S. O. Jewett Queen's Twin 16 Fir balsams comin' up over the hill all green an' hearty. † fir-beech n. Obsolete the lime or linden tree (Latin tilia). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > tree or plant bearing citrus fruit > lime trees linda700 bast treea1425 linnc1475 tilleul1530 pry1573 fir-beech1577 linden1577 teil1589 linden-tree1591 tillet1601 bass-wood1670 red lime1709 lime-tree1748 parakeet bur1866 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 100^v The Fyrre, the Oke, the Chestnutte, the Fyrrebeech. fir-bob n. = fir-apple n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > fir- or pine-cone pine nuteOE nutOE pineapplea1398 cone1562 cone-nut1562 pineapple nut1568 clog1577 chat1697 fir-apple1712 pine cone1723 strobilus1753 strobile1777 fir-bob1854 fir-ball1878 dennebol1909 1854 Househ. Words IX. 327/2 The fire was always in that state when somebody had..to unload his pockets of fir-bobs, which..threw beautiful dancing lights. fir-brush n. (see quot.). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > needle or needles needle1798 pine-straw1832 pine tag1835 pine needle1844 straw1856 spine1859 fir-brush1879 fir-needle1883 1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. Fir-brushes, the needle-foliage of fir trees. fir-candle n. = sense 2b. fir-cedar n. (see quot.). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > cedar and allies > [noun] cedarc1000 cedar-treec1000 fir-cedar1601 white cedar1654 arbor vitae1664 Thuya1707 thuja1764 American arbor vitae1785 Honduras cedar1799 Cedrela1832 kawaka1832 deodar1842 stinking cedar1866 stinking yew1866 Alaska cedar1874 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 179 The great Cedar, called by the Greeks Cedrelate, as one would say, the Fir-Cedre, yeeldeth a certain pitch or parrosin named Cedria. fir club-moss n. = fir-moss n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > moss > [noun] > club-moss or moss-like ferns dwarf cypress1548 heath-cypress1551 pine1551 wolf's-claw1578 club-moss1597 wolf-claw1597 wolf's-foot1597 tree-moss1611 Selagoa1627 cypress-moss1640 mountain moss1688 lycopodium1706 stag's horn (also staghorn) moss1741 walking fern1814 tod-tails1820 Robin Hood's hatband1828 resurrection plant1841 ground-pine1847 forks and knives1853 fir club-moss1855 lycopod1861 Selaginella1865 foxtail1866 stag-head or stag's head moss1869 fir-moss1879 hog-bed1900 1855 A. Pratt Ferns 138 Order Lycopodiaceæ, L. Selago (Fir Club-moss, Upright Fir-moss). fir-deal n. a deal or plank of fir; also, fir-wood cut in planks. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood in specific form > [noun] > board or plank > types of quarter-board1355 deal1400 fir-deala1450 planchettec1450 crust1486 deal-board1568 slab1573 scabbard1635 scale1683 scale-board1711 planchet1730 shinbin1791 rack deal1808 rack1835 shinlog1842 slabwood1844 a1450 Rature (in Hull Trin. House Records) Item for euerie hundreth of firre deales, xijd. 1558 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 183 Ffyrdells of the biggest sorte..litle firdells..doble firr sparrs. a1618 W. Raleigh Observ. in Remains (1661) 180 The huge piles of Wainscot, Clapboard, Firdeal, Masts, and Timber..in the Low-countries. fir-marigold n. (see quot.). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Mesembriaccae (fig-marigold and allies) > [noun] fig-marigold1731 ficoid1736 ficoides1753 Mesembryanthemum1824 fir-marigold1834 ficoidal1846 noon-flower1856 fox-chop1866 mesem1928 vygie1931 1834 T. Pringle Afr. Sketches ix. 308 The fir~marigold [mesembryanthemum] was expanding its radiated crowns over thousands of acres. fir-moss n. (see quot.). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > moss > [noun] > club-moss or moss-like ferns dwarf cypress1548 heath-cypress1551 pine1551 wolf's-claw1578 club-moss1597 wolf-claw1597 wolf's-foot1597 tree-moss1611 Selagoa1627 cypress-moss1640 mountain moss1688 lycopodium1706 stag's horn (also staghorn) moss1741 walking fern1814 tod-tails1820 Robin Hood's hatband1828 resurrection plant1841 ground-pine1847 forks and knives1853 fir club-moss1855 lycopod1861 Selaginella1865 foxtail1866 stag-head or stag's head moss1869 fir-moss1879 hog-bed1900 1879 R. C. A. Prior On Pop. Names Brit. Plants (ed. 3) 80 Fir-moss, a mossy looking plant like a little fir-tree, Lycopodium Selago. fir-needle n. (see quot.). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > needle or needles needle1798 pine-straw1832 pine tag1835 pine needle1844 straw1856 spine1859 fir-brush1879 fir-needle1883 1883 W. H. Cope Gloss. Hampshire Words Fir-needles, the leaves of the Scotch Fir. fir-pine n. = sense 1. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > fir-tree spurch1295 firc1381 fir-treea1382 mast tree1597 white fir1605 Scotch fir1673 silver fir1707 Scotchman1807 fir balsam1810 Alpine fir1819 deal treea1825 pinsapo1839 fir-pine1843 red fir1852 grand fir1874 mountain balsam1878 Shasta fir1897 Santa Lucia fir1905 1843 F. Marryat Narr. Trav. M. Violet III. iv. 71 The fir-pines..told us that we had reached the highest point of the hills. fir-rape n. a parasitic plant on roots of fir and beech ( Hypopithys multiflora). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > poisonous or harmful plants > parasitic plants > [noun] > monotropa genus (Indian pipe) Monotropa1753 wax-plant1801 Indian pipe1822 pinesap1824 tobacco-pipe1845 ghost plant1856 fir-rape1861 Indian pipestem1869 1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. III. 384 Order Monotropeæ..(Yellow Bird's-nest)..called also Fir-rape. 1884 Evangelical Mag. Feb. 60 The Fir-Rape..grows at the foot of beech and fir trees. fir sawfly n. Lophyrus abietis, especially harmful to the fir tree. ΚΠ 1862 T. W. Harris Treat. Insects Injurious to Vegetation (ed. 3) 520 The pine and fir saw-flies, described by Kollar. fir-spell n. dialect = sense 2b (in quot. referring to fir-roots so used). ΚΠ 1697 Philos. Trans. 1695–7 (Royal Soc.) 19 382 Examine the Fir-spells, as they call them, who are brought up the River Ouse by the Turff-men and sold at York. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.c1381
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