forensicadj.n.

Brit.

/fəˈrɛnzɪk/,

/fəˈrɛnsɪk/, U.S.

/fəˈrɛnzɪk/,

/fəˈrɛnsɪk/

Forms: 1600s forensick, 1600s forensique, 1600s forinseck, 1600s forinsic, 1600s forinsik, 1600s forinsique, 1600s–1700s forinsick, 1700s– forensic.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin forēnsis , -ic suffix.

Etymology: < classical Latin forēnsis of or belonging to the Forum, of or connected with the law courts ( < forum forum n. + -ēnsis : see -ese suffix) + -ic suffix. Compare earlier forensical adj.

A. adj.

a. Of, relating to, or associated with proceedings in a court of law; suitable for or appropriate to pleading in court. Now chiefly in legal use.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [adjective]

tribunala1555

forensical1566

aulic1596

aulical1602

forensala1638

forensic1647

forensivea1670

1647 L. Seaman Διατριβη proved to be Παραδιατριβη 15 It is not simply right that makes a man to be a King, but the solemn declaration of that right in a forensick way (which uses to be done by proclamation).

1659 H. Hammond Paraphr. & Annot. Psalms (cvi. 31 Annot.) 541/1 It signifies much more than justification, as in the forinseck sense that is opposite to condemning.

1694 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding (new ed.) ii. xxvii. 189 Person..is a Forensick Term.

1766 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses (ed. 5) II. iii. iv. 195 Lactantius, from a forensic Lawyer, now become an Advocate for Christianity.

1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. 84 That the students might not be distracted from their studies by legal process from distant courts, and other forensic avocations.

1886 Irish Law Times 26 June 322/2 To agitate for a repeal of the law which forbids women to adopt the forensic profession.

1905 Catholic World June 372 The plea rather resembles the forensic proceeding of bringing testimony to the character of an accused person, instead of directly demolishing the case against him.

2019 F. Hum et al. Austral. Uniform Evid. Law xii. 523 The trial judge is satisfied that the accused has experienced a significant forensic disadvantage.

b. Of, relating to, or characteristic of the kind of persuasive oratory or rhetoric used in advocating in a court of law; of or relating to competitive debating or public speaking.

ΚΠ

1741 I. Watts Improvem. Mind i. x. 168 There are three Sorts of Disputation,..which are distinguished by these three Names, viz, Socratick, Forensick and Academic.

1750 J. Randall Acct. Acad. Heath (rev. ed.) 9 Furnish them with such a Store of Historical and Political Knowledge, as will prove an inexhaustible Source of Forensic Eloquence.

1864 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend (1865) I. ii. viii. 237 This inquiry..delivered in an imposing and forensic manner.

1963 Diderot Stud. 4 264 The same sequence of passages was repeated with the same forensic flourish in Diderot: l'homme et l'œuvre in 1941.

2017 National Post (Canada) (Nexis) 29 Apr. a19 The other presidential candidates were unrelievedly ludicrous..with no physical presence and little forensic skill.

a. Providing medical, scientific, or technical evidence in legal proceedings and the investigation of crime; designating such evidence; of or relating to such evidence.Recorded earliest in forensic medicine n. at Compounds. See also forensic science n. 2.

ΚΠ

1785 Eng. Rev. Jan. 31 Every friend of humanity will rejoice at finding this most interesting topic [sc. signs of murder in bastard children] of forensic medicine discussed by a writer so well qualified both by anatomical skill, and experience in midwifery.

1821 London Med. & Physical Jrnl. 46 159 But these peculiarities [of iodine], if they exist, cannot be recognized in the phenomena which we have to regard in our researches for forensic evidence.

1904 H. T. Brooks tr. H. Lenhartz Man. Clin. Microsc. & Chem. p. xiv In those sections devoted to the study of the blood and gastric contents only the practical tests, including forensic examination of blood stains, have been discussed.

1956 Daily Mail 1 Mar. 1/6 They know from forensic evidence that she died about May or June last year.

1992 R. Harris Fatherland (1993) i. 36 The actual hardware of police business—the forensic laboratories, criminal records, armoury, workshops, detention cells—are in the Berlin Police Praesidium building in Alexander Platz.

2017 Daily Tel. 17 Apr. 6/1 The Ministry of Justice has decided to respond by releasing funds for a new ‘drone squad’, which will carry out forensic examinations on seized drones to track down those who operate them.

b. spec. Designating branches of forensic medicine, the natural and physical sciences, and other fields of study that provide evidence in legal proceedings and the investigation of crime. Also: designating experts or specialists in such fields.

ΚΠ

1823 J. A. Paris & J. S. M. Fonblanque Med. Jurispr. II. 239 The forensic chemist may avail himself of these facts, and obtain a very useful test [for arsenic].

1832 Encycl. Americana XII. 472/2 Forensic anthropology, by Prof. Knape, three times a week.

1851 Edinb. Rev. July 288 Then Forensic chemistry brings us into close contact with questions of law and the controversies of the courts.

1877 Amer. Jrnl. Insanity 34 89 From the irregularity of the symptoms, which set at defiance the dicta of the forensic psychologist, it would seem as if the disease could easily be feigned.

1938 T. S. J. Kavanagh Minute Police Talks 283 It has charge of all investigation concerning ‘forensic ballistics’ or the science of bullet expulsion from guns, pistols, revolvers, and similar weapons, as is necessary for evidence in court.

1993 Guardian 26 Nov. i. 2/3 Offender profiling is only part of the service forensic psychology offers to major crime investigations.

2006 Reader's Digest Apr. 132/2 A forensic pathologist..found in his kidney tissues a significant amount of calcium oxalate crystals, a sign of ethylene glycol poisoning.

c. Designating a branch of accounting which analyses financial information to be used as evidence in legal proceedings and the investigation of crime, esp. fraud; of, relating to, or practising accounting of this kind.

ΚΠ

1945 Harvard Law Rev. 58 887 This flavor of the book suggests a second sub-title: Forensic Accounting.

1946 M. E. Peloubet in Jrnl. Accountancy 81 459/2 Testimony in a court as an expert witness..until a few years ago..was practically the only type of forensic accounting practice.

1988 Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, Illinois) 13 Dec. iv. 1/1 NISCOR will provide specialized corporate investigative and forensic auditing services tracing and determining..responsibility and civil and criminal liability for hazardous waste sites and accidents.

1995 Toronto Star (Nexis) 7 Feb. a2 A five-month forensic audit of Canada's largest landlord uncovered 174 abuses, from secret commissions and bid-rigging to theft by employees, extortion and expense account fraud.

2020 Daily Tel. (Austral.) (Nexis) 13 Sept. 22 [The Criminal Assets Confiscation Taskforce] will follow the money trail of online child abuse using an elite team of police, lawyers, financial investigators and forensic accountants.

3. Showing great attention to detail, meticulous, precise.

ΚΠ

1984 ‘Pickles’ Queens 4 They have almost no topic of conversation beyond sex and bitchery, and sex is discussed in forensic detail.

1987 I. Sinclair White Chappell Scarlet Tracings (1995) vii. 56 His large hands moved with forensic exactitude.., shook the rice in a separate pan, merely dipping the fingers of the green vegetables in boiling water.

2004 Delicious June 36/1 I have just walked past an almost cliff-like slope where forensic lines of seed potatoes are being put down by hand.

2013 Guardian 9 Mar. (Weekend Suppl.) 89/1 Nigiri sushi, the fish cut with forensic precision and served with a little brush for painting on soy sauce made in-house by the chef.

B. n.

1. U.S. A speech or written thesis by a college student, maintaining a particular argument and used as an exercise in competitive debating or public speaking. Cf. forensics n. 1. Now historical.

ΚΠ

1786 J. Q. Adams Diary 19 July (1981) II. 67 A Forensic, ‘whether religious disputation promotes the interests of true Piety’.

1837 Catal. Officers & Students Harvard Univ. 26 First Term... Composition of Themes and Forensics.

1907 Drake University Bull. 81 From this study a brief will be required, the briefs to be developed into forensics, and the forensics to be given upon the platform in class debate.

2001 R. S. Nowacek Writing Instr. in Interdisciplinary Classroom (Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Wisconsin) i. 12 Those written forensics, which had been required of all students in various disciplines, were replaced by a general composition skills instruction course.

2. A forensic science department or laboratory that analyses evidence for a police force. Often with capital initial. Cf. forensics n. 2b.Used without article, e.g. Forensic can look at it.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun] > offices attached to courts > forensic science department

crime laboratory1914

crime lab1930

forensic1963

forensics1983

1963 Guardian 2 Sept. 8/5 When a police officer hisses in my ear in court, ‘Are you from forensic?’ I no longer protest. I just weakly nod my head.

1971 W. J. Burley Guilt Edged iv. 74 A breakdown truck is taking it to Division. Forensic can look at it in their garage.

1991 J. Neel Death of Partner vi. 83 ‘Forensic rang,’ Bruce reported dourly. ‘The autopsy report is on its way.’

2009 O. Etchells Devil at Crossroads vi. 74 Eddie Platt in Forensic rang to tell you he's finalizing several things himself.

Compounds

forensic medicine n. the provision of evidence and testimony by a physician or surgeon in legal proceedings; the application of medical knowledge to legal proceedings and the investigation of crime; the branch of medicine dealing with this. [Compare post-classical Latin medicina forensis (1704 or earlier), German gerichtliche Arzneywissenschaft (1749 or earlier).]

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > art or science of medicine > [noun] > forensic medicine

forensic medicine1785

medical jurisprudence1788

1817 J. B. Beck Inaug. Diss. Infanticide 50 Even Zacchias, who may justly be styled the father of Forensic Medicine, passes over it in silence.

1967 R. Rendell Wolf to Slaughter (1970) v. 49 He used his library tickets for works on psychology and forensic medicine.

2006 Independent 14 Feb. 18/2 Philippe Charlier, a celebrated French specialist in forensic medicine, intends to analyse fragments of bone and skin reputed to have survived Joan's burning at the stake in May 1431.

forensic scientist n. a person who performs forensic science investigations; cf. forensic science n. 2b.

ΚΠ

1939 A. C. Candler Spectrographic Anal. Great Brit. 77 It may serve to illustrate the wide variety of materials received which is at once the despair and the reward of the forensic scientist.

1995 Guardian 6 July i. 15/3 Burglars who stump forensic scientists by wearing gloves or hats, often leave earprints when they listen at windows and doors, Rotterdam police said yesterday.

2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 25 July (Business section) 3/1 Recently, forensic scientists in California used a genetic analysis procedure called ‘familial searching’ or ‘kinship searching’ to help the police identify a suspect.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021).

单词	forensic
释义	forensicadj.n. Brit. /fəˈrɛnzɪk/, /fəˈrɛnsɪk/, U.S. /fəˈrɛnzɪk/, /fəˈrɛnsɪk/ Forms: 1600s forensick, 1600s forensique, 1600s forinseck, 1600s forinsic, 1600s forinsik, 1600s forinsique, 1600s–1700s forinsick, 1700s– forensic. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin forēnsis , -ic suffix. Etymology: < classical Latin forēnsis of or belonging to the Forum, of or connected with the law courts ( < forum forum n. + -ēnsis : see -ese suffix) + -ic suffix. Compare earlier forensical adj. A. adj. 1. a. Of, relating to, or associated with proceedings in a court of law; suitable for or appropriate to pleading in court. Now chiefly in legal use. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [adjective] tribunala1555 forensical1566 aulic1596 aulical1602 forensala1638 forensic1647 forensivea1670 1647 L. Seaman Διατριβη proved to be Παραδιατριβη 15 It is not simply right that makes a man to be a King, but the solemn declaration of that right in a forensick way (which uses to be done by proclamation). 1659 H. Hammond Paraphr. & Annot. Psalms (cvi. 31 Annot.) 541/1 It signifies much more than justification, as in the forinseck sense that is opposite to condemning. 1694 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding (new ed.) ii. xxvii. 189 Person..is a Forensick Term. 1766 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses (ed. 5) II. iii. iv. 195 Lactantius, from a forensic Lawyer, now become an Advocate for Christianity. 1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. 84 That the students might not be distracted from their studies by legal process from distant courts, and other forensic avocations. 1886 Irish Law Times 26 June 322/2 To agitate for a repeal of the law which forbids women to adopt the forensic profession. 1905 Catholic World June 372 The plea rather resembles the forensic proceeding of bringing testimony to the character of an accused person, instead of directly demolishing the case against him. 2019 F. Hum et al. Austral. Uniform Evid. Law xii. 523 The trial judge is satisfied that the accused has experienced a significant forensic disadvantage. b. Of, relating to, or characteristic of the kind of persuasive oratory or rhetoric used in advocating in a court of law; of or relating to competitive debating or public speaking. ΚΠ 1741 I. Watts Improvem. Mind i. x. 168 There are three Sorts of Disputation,..which are distinguished by these three Names, viz, Socratick, Forensick and Academic. 1750 J. Randall Acct. Acad. Heath (rev. ed.) 9 Furnish them with such a Store of Historical and Political Knowledge, as will prove an inexhaustible Source of Forensic Eloquence. 1864 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend (1865) I. ii. viii. 237 This inquiry..delivered in an imposing and forensic manner. 1963 Diderot Stud. 4 264 The same sequence of passages was repeated with the same forensic flourish in Diderot: l'homme et l'œuvre in 1941. 2017 National Post (Canada) (Nexis) 29 Apr. a19 The other presidential candidates were unrelievedly ludicrous..with no physical presence and little forensic skill. 2. a. Providing medical, scientific, or technical evidence in legal proceedings and the investigation of crime; designating such evidence; of or relating to such evidence.Recorded earliest in forensic medicine n. at Compounds. See also forensic science n. 2. ΚΠ 1785 Eng. Rev. Jan. 31 Every friend of humanity will rejoice at finding this most interesting topic [sc. signs of murder in bastard children] of forensic medicine discussed by a writer so well qualified both by anatomical skill, and experience in midwifery. 1821 London Med. & Physical Jrnl. 46 159 But these peculiarities [of iodine], if they exist, cannot be recognized in the phenomena which we have to regard in our researches for forensic evidence. 1904 H. T. Brooks tr. H. Lenhartz Man. Clin. Microsc. & Chem. p. xiv In those sections devoted to the study of the blood and gastric contents only the practical tests, including forensic examination of blood stains, have been discussed. 1956 Daily Mail 1 Mar. 1/6 They know from forensic evidence that she died about May or June last year. 1992 R. Harris Fatherland (1993) i. 36 The actual hardware of police business—the forensic laboratories, criminal records, armoury, workshops, detention cells—are in the Berlin Police Praesidium building in Alexander Platz. 2017 Daily Tel. 17 Apr. 6/1 The Ministry of Justice has decided to respond by releasing funds for a new ‘drone squad’, which will carry out forensic examinations on seized drones to track down those who operate them. b. spec. Designating branches of forensic medicine, the natural and physical sciences, and other fields of study that provide evidence in legal proceedings and the investigation of crime. Also: designating experts or specialists in such fields. ΚΠ 1823 J. A. Paris & J. S. M. Fonblanque Med. Jurispr. II. 239 The forensic chemist may avail himself of these facts, and obtain a very useful test [for arsenic]. 1832 Encycl. Americana XII. 472/2 Forensic anthropology, by Prof. Knape, three times a week. 1851 Edinb. Rev. July 288 Then Forensic chemistry brings us into close contact with questions of law and the controversies of the courts. 1877 Amer. Jrnl. Insanity 34 89 From the irregularity of the symptoms, which set at defiance the dicta of the forensic psychologist, it would seem as if the disease could easily be feigned. 1938 T. S. J. Kavanagh Minute Police Talks 283 It has charge of all investigation concerning ‘forensic ballistics’ or the science of bullet expulsion from guns, pistols, revolvers, and similar weapons, as is necessary for evidence in court. 1993 Guardian 26 Nov. i. 2/3 Offender profiling is only part of the service forensic psychology offers to major crime investigations. 2006 Reader's Digest Apr. 132/2 A forensic pathologist..found in his kidney tissues a significant amount of calcium oxalate crystals, a sign of ethylene glycol poisoning. c. Designating a branch of accounting which analyses financial information to be used as evidence in legal proceedings and the investigation of crime, esp. fraud; of, relating to, or practising accounting of this kind. ΚΠ 1945 Harvard Law Rev. 58 887 This flavor of the book suggests a second sub-title: Forensic Accounting. 1946 M. E. Peloubet in Jrnl. Accountancy 81 459/2 Testimony in a court as an expert witness..until a few years ago..was practically the only type of forensic accounting practice. 1988 Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, Illinois) 13 Dec. iv. 1/1 NISCOR will provide specialized corporate investigative and forensic auditing services tracing and determining..responsibility and civil and criminal liability for hazardous waste sites and accidents. 1995 Toronto Star (Nexis) 7 Feb. a2 A five-month forensic audit of Canada's largest landlord uncovered 174 abuses, from secret commissions and bid-rigging to theft by employees, extortion and expense account fraud. 2020 Daily Tel. (Austral.) (Nexis) 13 Sept. 22 [The Criminal Assets Confiscation Taskforce] will follow the money trail of online child abuse using an elite team of police, lawyers, financial investigators and forensic accountants. 3. Showing great attention to detail, meticulous, precise. ΚΠ 1984 ‘Pickles’ Queens 4 They have almost no topic of conversation beyond sex and bitchery, and sex is discussed in forensic detail. 1987 I. Sinclair White Chappell Scarlet Tracings (1995) vii. 56 His large hands moved with forensic exactitude.., shook the rice in a separate pan, merely dipping the fingers of the green vegetables in boiling water. 2004 Delicious June 36/1 I have just walked past an almost cliff-like slope where forensic lines of seed potatoes are being put down by hand. 2013 Guardian 9 Mar. (Weekend Suppl.) 89/1 Nigiri sushi, the fish cut with forensic precision and served with a little brush for painting on soy sauce made in-house by the chef. B. n. 1. U.S. A speech or written thesis by a college student, maintaining a particular argument and used as an exercise in competitive debating or public speaking. Cf. forensics n. 1. Now historical. ΚΠ 1786 J. Q. Adams Diary 19 July (1981) II. 67 A Forensic, ‘whether religious disputation promotes the interests of true Piety’. 1837 Catal. Officers & Students Harvard Univ. 26 First Term... Composition of Themes and Forensics. 1907 Drake University Bull. 81 From this study a brief will be required, the briefs to be developed into forensics, and the forensics to be given upon the platform in class debate. 2001 R. S. Nowacek Writing Instr. in Interdisciplinary Classroom (Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Wisconsin) i. 12 Those written forensics, which had been required of all students in various disciplines, were replaced by a general composition skills instruction course. 2. A forensic science department or laboratory that analyses evidence for a police force. Often with capital initial. Cf. forensics n. 2b.Used without article, e.g. Forensic can look at it. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun] > offices attached to courts > forensic science department crime laboratory1914 crime lab1930 forensic1963 forensics1983 1963 Guardian 2 Sept. 8/5 When a police officer hisses in my ear in court, ‘Are you from forensic?’ I no longer protest. I just weakly nod my head. 1971 W. J. Burley Guilt Edged iv. 74 A breakdown truck is taking it to Division. Forensic can look at it in their garage. 1991 J. Neel Death of Partner vi. 83 ‘Forensic rang,’ Bruce reported dourly. ‘The autopsy report is on its way.’ 2009 O. Etchells Devil at Crossroads vi. 74 Eddie Platt in Forensic rang to tell you he's finalizing several things himself. Compounds forensic medicine n. the provision of evidence and testimony by a physician or surgeon in legal proceedings; the application of medical knowledge to legal proceedings and the investigation of crime; the branch of medicine dealing with this. [Compare post-classical Latin medicina forensis (1704 or earlier), German gerichtliche Arzneywissenschaft (1749 or earlier).] ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > art or science of medicine > [noun] > forensic medicine forensic medicine1785 medical jurisprudence1788 1785 Eng. Rev. Jan. 31 Every friend of humanity will rejoice at finding this most interesting topic [sc. signs of murder in bastard children] of forensic medicine discussed by a writer so well qualified both by anatomical skill, and experience in midwifery. 1817 J. B. Beck Inaug. Diss. Infanticide 50 Even Zacchias, who may justly be styled the father of Forensic Medicine, passes over it in silence. 1967 R. Rendell Wolf to Slaughter (1970) v. 49 He used his library tickets for works on psychology and forensic medicine. 2006 Independent 14 Feb. 18/2 Philippe Charlier, a celebrated French specialist in forensic medicine, intends to analyse fragments of bone and skin reputed to have survived Joan's burning at the stake in May 1431. forensic scientist n. a person who performs forensic science investigations; cf. forensic science n. 2b. ΚΠ 1939 A. C. Candler Spectrographic Anal. Great Brit. 77 It may serve to illustrate the wide variety of materials received which is at once the despair and the reward of the forensic scientist. 1995 Guardian 6 July i. 15/3 Burglars who stump forensic scientists by wearing gloves or hats, often leave earprints when they listen at windows and doors, Rotterdam police said yesterday. 2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 25 July (Business section) 3/1 Recently, forensic scientists in California used a genetic analysis procedure called ‘familial searching’ or ‘kinship searching’ to help the police identify a suspect. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). < adj.n.1647
随便看	to sound a mort to sound a mount to sound a parley to sound in contract to sound in damages to sound in tort to sound off to sound on to sound secure to sound the big drum to sound the big drums to sound the drum to sound the drums to sound the last post to sound the mort to sound the prise to sound the rally to sound the retire to sound the retreat to sound the secure to sound the well to sour on to sow broadcast to sow hentings to sow land to