forlorn hopen.

Brit.

/fəˈlɔːn həʊp/, U.S.

/fərˈlɔrn ˌhoʊp/

Etymology: < Dutch verloren hoop (in Kilian 1598), lit. ‘lost troop’ (hoop = heap n., German haufen). Compare French enfants perdus. (Among sailors mispronounced flowing hope.)

a. In early use, a picked body of men, detached to the front to begin the attack; a body of skirmishers. Now usually, a storming party.In the 17th cent. sometimes applied to the rear-guard.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > part of army by position > [noun] > rear

back-wardc1275

rearwarda1325

reredosc1400

reward1440

back-guardc1470

rearguard1481

arrière-guard1489

retroguard1574

arrear-ward1579

forlorn hope1579

train1598

back1600

rear1604

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > for guard duty > advanced guard

forlorn hope1579

point1589

forlorn1645

advanced guard1677

advance party1686

advance guard1690

advance1780

1579 L. Digges & T. Digges Stratioticos 102 He must also so order the Forlorn hope in y^e front of hys Battayle with new supplies.

1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline ii. 136 The which the Germaine calls, their Forlorne hoope.

c1600 J. Dymmok Treat. Ireland (1842) 32 Before the vantguarde marched the forlorn hope.

1642 True State Ireland 5 Likewise for the forlorn hope of the Rear, Captain Pate commanded 40 Dragooners.

1678 tr. L. de Gaya Art of War ii. 74 Called the Forlorn Hope, because they..fall on first, and make a Passage for the rest.

1799 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) I. 31 The forlorn hope of each attack consisted of a sergeant and twelve Europeans.

1874 L. Stephen Hours in Libr. 1st Ser. 360 Compelled to lead a forlorn hope up the scaling ladders.

b. transferred and figurative, chiefly of persons in a desperate condition.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > tribulation, trouble, or affliction > wretched person > at the end of his resources

forlorn hope1572

bankrupt1578

ruina1616

1572 J. Jones Bathes of Bathes Ayde Pref. 3 A booteless matter to perswade the forlorn hope, suche as have decreed to caste awaye them selves.

1575 G. Gascoigne Fruites of Warre lxxiv, in Posies sig. Ii The forlorne hope, which haue set vp their rest By rash expence, and knowe not howe to liue.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Hants. 7 [Object of Christ's descent into hell] To Preach, useless where his Auditory was all the forlorn hope.

1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 128 The busy apes, the Forlorn hope of these declining Woods, deeming no place safe where they beheld us.

c. plural. The men composing such a body; hence, reckless bravos.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > heroism > [noun] > victim-hero

forlorn hopes1539

forlorn fellows1577

forlorn sentinel1579

salamander1705

victim-hero1962

1539 C. Tunstall Serm. Palme Sondaye (1823) 67 To make this realme a praye to al..spoylers, all snaphanses, all forlornehopes, all cormerauntes.

c1645 I. Tullie Narr. Siege of Carlisle (1840) 31 Toppam had y^e honour of y^e forlorn hopes, and gave them a gallant charge.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Forlorn-hopes was a term formerly applied to the videttes of the army.

d. A perilous or desperate enterprise.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > [noun] > risk > a risky undertaking

adventurec1300

venturea1566

adventry1616

risk1666

fenda1724

forlorn hope1768

long chance1854

salto mortale1896

crap shoot1958

1768 J. Byron Narr. Patagonia 86 We saw them a little after, setting out upon their forlorn hope, and helping one another over..rocks.

1771 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. lix. 274 The wary..never..went upon a forlorn hope.

2. slang.

a. The losers at a gaming-table.

ΚΠ

1608 T. Dekker Lanthorne & Candle-light sig. D2 They that sit downe to play, are at first calld Leaders. They that loose, are the Forlorne Hope.

1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Forlorn Hope, losing Gamesters.

b. (See quot. 1785.)

ΚΠ

1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Forlorn hope, a gamester's last stake.

3. With wordplay or misapprehension of the etymology: A faint hope, a ‘hope against hope’; an enterprise which has little chance of success.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > expectation > hope > [noun] > unfounded hope

forlorn hopea1643

wish-thinking1930

wishful thinking1932

a wing and a prayer1943

straw-clutching1962

hope-against-hope1968

the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > improbability, unlikeliness > [noun] > unlikely enterprise

forlorn hopea1643

no-ball1922

the mind > mental capacity > expectation > despair, hopelessness > [noun] > cause of despair > a poor or faint hope

wanhope1558

forlorn hopea1643

dog's chance1890

Buckley's chance (or hope, etc.)1898

dog's show1898

hope1899

a1643 J. Shute Sarah & Hagar (1649) 108 If we sin, upon a presumption that we shall conceal either our actions or persons from God, it is a forlorn hope; our iniquities will finde us out.

1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. ii. 34 In hopes of making your hearer think that you had been only singing all the while... A forlorn hope, indeed.

1885 Harper's Mag. Mar. 594/1 She had had a forlorn hope of a letter, but it had died away.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	forlorn hope
释义	forlorn hopen. Brit. /fəˈlɔːn həʊp/, U.S. /fərˈlɔrn ˌhoʊp/ Etymology: < Dutch verloren hoop (in Kilian 1598), lit. ‘lost troop’ (hoop = heap n., German haufen). Compare French enfants perdus. (Among sailors mispronounced flowing hope.) 1. a. In early use, a picked body of men, detached to the front to begin the attack; a body of skirmishers. Now usually, a storming party.In the 17th cent. sometimes applied to the rear-guard. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > part of army by position > [noun] > rear back-wardc1275 rearwarda1325 reredosc1400 reward1440 back-guardc1470 rearguard1481 arrière-guard1489 retroguard1574 arrear-ward1579 forlorn hope1579 train1598 back1600 rear1604 society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > for guard duty > advanced guard forlorn hope1579 point1589 forlorn1645 advanced guard1677 advance party1686 advance guard1690 advance1780 1579 L. Digges & T. Digges Stratioticos 102 He must also so order the Forlorn hope in y^e front of hys Battayle with new supplies. 1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline ii. 136 The which the Germaine calls, their Forlorne hoope. c1600 J. Dymmok Treat. Ireland (1842) 32 Before the vantguarde marched the forlorn hope. 1642 True State Ireland 5 Likewise for the forlorn hope of the Rear, Captain Pate commanded 40 Dragooners. 1678 tr. L. de Gaya Art of War ii. 74 Called the Forlorn Hope, because they..fall on first, and make a Passage for the rest. 1799 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) I. 31 The forlorn hope of each attack consisted of a sergeant and twelve Europeans. 1874 L. Stephen Hours in Libr. 1st Ser. 360 Compelled to lead a forlorn hope up the scaling ladders. b. transferred and figurative, chiefly of persons in a desperate condition. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > tribulation, trouble, or affliction > wretched person > at the end of his resources forlorn hope1572 bankrupt1578 ruina1616 1572 J. Jones Bathes of Bathes Ayde Pref. 3 A booteless matter to perswade the forlorn hope, suche as have decreed to caste awaye them selves. 1575 G. Gascoigne Fruites of Warre lxxiv, in Posies sig. Ii The forlorne hope, which haue set vp their rest By rash expence, and knowe not howe to liue. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Hants. 7 [Object of Christ's descent into hell] To Preach, useless where his Auditory was all the forlorn hope. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 128 The busy apes, the Forlorn hope of these declining Woods, deeming no place safe where they beheld us. c. plural. The men composing such a body; hence, reckless bravos. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > heroism > [noun] > victim-hero forlorn hopes1539 forlorn fellows1577 forlorn sentinel1579 salamander1705 victim-hero1962 1539 C. Tunstall Serm. Palme Sondaye (1823) 67 To make this realme a praye to al..spoylers, all snaphanses, all forlornehopes, all cormerauntes. c1645 I. Tullie Narr. Siege of Carlisle (1840) 31 Toppam had y^e honour of y^e forlorn hopes, and gave them a gallant charge. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Forlorn-hopes was a term formerly applied to the videttes of the army. d. A perilous or desperate enterprise. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > [noun] > risk > a risky undertaking adventurec1300 venturea1566 adventry1616 risk1666 fenda1724 forlorn hope1768 long chance1854 salto mortale1896 crap shoot1958 1768 J. Byron Narr. Patagonia 86 We saw them a little after, setting out upon their forlorn hope, and helping one another over..rocks. 1771 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. lix. 274 The wary..never..went upon a forlorn hope. 2. slang. a. The losers at a gaming-table. ΚΠ 1608 T. Dekker Lanthorne & Candle-light sig. D2 They that sit downe to play, are at first calld Leaders. They that loose, are the Forlorne Hope. 1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Forlorn Hope, losing Gamesters. b. (See quot. 1785.) ΚΠ 1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Forlorn hope, a gamester's last stake. 3. With wordplay or misapprehension of the etymology: A faint hope, a ‘hope against hope’; an enterprise which has little chance of success. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > expectation > hope > [noun] > unfounded hope forlorn hopea1643 wish-thinking1930 wishful thinking1932 a wing and a prayer1943 straw-clutching1962 hope-against-hope1968 the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > improbability, unlikeliness > [noun] > unlikely enterprise forlorn hopea1643 no-ball1922 the mind > mental capacity > expectation > despair, hopelessness > [noun] > cause of despair > a poor or faint hope wanhope1558 forlorn hopea1643 dog's chance1890 Buckley's chance (or hope, etc.)1898 dog's show1898 hope1899 a1643 J. Shute Sarah & Hagar (1649) 108 If we sin, upon a presumption that we shall conceal either our actions or persons from God, it is a forlorn hope; our iniquities will finde us out. 1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. ii. 34 In hopes of making your hearer think that you had been only singing all the while... A forlorn hope, indeed. 1885 Harper's Mag. Mar. 594/1 She had had a forlorn hope of a letter, but it had died away. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1539
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