galliardn.²

Brit.

/ˈɡalɪɑːd/, U.S.

/ˈɡæljərd/

Forms:

α. 1700s callierd, 1800s– calliard Brit. /ˈkalɪɑːd/, U.S. /ˈkæljərd/.

β. 1800s– galliard.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a borrowing from French. Etymon: French caillot.

Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps < Middle French caillot, chaillot building stone, paving stone (13th cent. in Old French), pebble (late 14th cent. in Middle French; < the same base (with a different suffix: compare -ot -ot suffix) as French caillou pebble (late 11th cent. in Old French as chailos )), with remodelling of the ending after formations in -ard suffix. Compare earlier calion n.French caillou is ultimately < the same Indo-European base as classical Latin callus callus n.; see also callow adj.² The β. forms probably result from association with galliard adj., although compare also ganister n.

Chiefly English regional (northern)

A hard, smooth, siliceous stone or rock; esp. a flinty gritstone.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > metamorphic rock > [noun] > gritstone

millstone grit1682

galliard1781

ganister1811

α.

1781 J. Hutton Tour to Caves (ed. 2) Gloss. 87/2 Callierd, an hard stone.

1845 J. Phillips & C. G. B. Daubeny Geol. in Encycl. Metrop. VI. 587/2 Some less regular sandstone beds, called ‘Cankstone’, approach very nearly to the nature of the ganister or calliard rocks of the coal strata.

1859 D. Page Handbk. Geol. Terms 103 Calliard.., a local name for any hard siliceous stone; often applied by English miners and quarrymen to beds of cherty or siliceous limestone.

1902 H. P. Smith in T. Oliver Dangerous Trades xxiv. 396 Calliard is a hard, close-grained, silicious stone which often forms the stratum that underlies the coal seam.

1968 J. E. Hemingway in D. Murchison & T. S. Westoll Coal & Coal-bearing Strata iv. 57 These include those types, long recognised industrially as calliard, galliard, white flint and crowstone, among many others.

β. 1822 E. Baines Hist., Directory & Gazetteer County of York I. p. x/1 In this part of the series, near Sheffield, Bradford, and Leeds, is dug the galliard stone, so much in request for the roads.1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) II. 531 Galliard, a North of England term for a hard, smooth, flinty grit.1904 W. Fream Soils & Their Properties 38 Very siliceous sandstones with a close even grain, are called cank, cankstone, or galliard stone.1968 J. E. Hemingway in D. Murchison & T. S. Westoll Coal & Coal-bearing Strata iv. 57 These include those types, long recognised industrially as calliard, galliard, white flint and crowstone, among many others.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

galliardadj.n.¹

/ˈɡalɪəd/

Forms: Middle English–1800s gaillard(e, gal(l)yard(e, Middle English–1800s galiard(e, Middle English–1500s galȝart, 1500s galyeard ( galȝard, galȝeard, gagliard), 1500s– galliard.

Etymology: < Old French and French gaillard, -art (modern French gaillard ) = Provençal galhart , Spanish, gallardo , Portuguese galhardo , Italian gagliardo adjective, of unknown origin: for the suffix see -ard suffix. The noun B 2, 3, is < French gaillarde, properly the feminine of the adjective.

A. adj.

1. Valiant, hardy, ‘stout’, sturdy. Obsolete exc. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > valour > valour or stoutness > [adjective]

stalwortha1225

stoutly1338

galliard?a1400

stout?1507

stoutya1529

?a1400 Morte Arth. 1265 Sir Gawayne and syr Gryme, these galyarde knyghtez.

a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 540 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 111 Mony galiard gome was on ye ground levit.

1535 Let. in J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. II. 299 There was a galiard assault given before five o'clock in the morning.

1536 R. Morison Remedy for Sedition sig. 2a He [Sertorius] had also two horses, thone galyarde, lusty, and of a thycke tayle.

1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres iii. 46 It doth much import that the front be gaillard and strong.

1650 J. Howell tr. A. Giraffi Exact Hist. Late Revol. Naples 130 And it was held convenient by all to com to som galliard resolution.

1862 H. Marryat One Year in Sweden II. 241 We pass by gutted towers, four stories high, with machicolations fresh as yesterday—gaillard and daring.

2. Lively, brisk, gay, full of high spirits. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pleasure > merriment > [adjective]

blitheOE

merryOE

golikc1175

lustya1225

playfulc1225

jollyc1305

merrya1350

jocund?c1380

galliardc1386

in (also on) a (merry, etc.) pinc1395

mirthfula1400

baudec1400

gayc1400

jovy1426

jocantc1440

crank1499

envoisiesa1500

as merry as a cricket1509

pleasant1530

frolic?1548

jolious1575

gleeful1586

buxom1590

gleesome1590

festival1592

laughter-loving1592

disposed1593

jucund1596

heartsomec1600

jovial1607

jovialist1610

laughsome1612

jocundary1618

gaysome1633

chirpinga1637

jovialissime1652

airy1654

festivous1654

hilarous1659

spleneticala1661

cocket1671

cranny1673

high1695

vogie1715

raffing?1719

festal1724

as merry (or lively) as a grig1728

hearty1755

tittuping1772

festive1774

fun-loving1776

mirthsome1787

Falstaffian1809

cranky1811

laughful1825

as lively as a cricket1832

hurrah1835

hilarious1838

Bacchic1865

laughterful1874

griggish1879

banzai1929

slap-you-on-the-back1932

c1386 G. Chaucer Cook's Tale 3 Gaillard he was as Goldfinch in the shawe.

1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid viii. Prol. 31 The galiart grum grunschis at grammis hym greuis.

1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 785 Amang their Galȝart Gromis I am bot ane Gest.

1652 J. Evelyn State of France 107 There lives not..a more frank, galiard, and supine people.

1671 T. Shadwell Humorists ii, in Wks. (1720) I. 172 Come, Madam, let's be frolick, galliard, and extraordinary brisk.

1821 Ld. Byron Marino Faliero (2nd issue) i. i. 6 Steno's a patrician, Young, galliard, gay, and haughty.

1827 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd 176 The faemen grew galyard now, and crouse ilk ane.

1835 W. Irving Tour on Prairies i, in Crayon Misc. I. 20 A young Swiss Count..galliard in the extreme, and prone to every kind of wild adventure.

1868 R. Browning Ring & Bk. I. ii. 85 These wretched Comparini were once gay And galiard, of the modest middle class.

†3. Having a gay appearance, spruce. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > fashionableness > [adjective] > smart

gallantc1420

galliard1513

fine1526

trickly1580

pink1598

genteel1601

sparkful1605

sparkish1657

jaunty1662

spankinga1666

shanty1685

trig1725

smartish1738

distinguished1748

nobby1788

dashing1801

vaudy1805

swell1810

distingué1813

dashy1822

nutty1823

chic1832

slicked1836

flash1838

rakish1840

spiffy1853

smart1860

sassy1861

classy1870

spiffing1872

toffish1873

tony1877

swish1879

hep1899

toffy1901

hip1904

toppy1905

in1906

floozy1911

swank1913

jazz1917

ritzy1919

smooth1920

snappy1925

snazzy1931

groovy1937

what ho1937

gussy1940

criss1954

high camp1954

sprauncy1957

James Bondish1966

James Bond1967

schmick1972

designer1978

atas1993

as fine as fivepence-

1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid xii. Prol. 150 Ane paradice it semyt to draw neyr Thyr galȝart gardyngis and ilke greyn herbere.

c1598 King James VI & I Basilicon Doron (1944) I. iii. 176 Faill neuer in tyme of uarres to be galliardest & brauest bathe in claithis & countenance.

a1600 A. Montgomerie Misc. Poems xiii. 25 Love maks men galȝard in thair geir.

B. n.¹

†a. A man of courage and spirit. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > heroism > [noun] > hero > person of mettle

heart1340

heart of oakc1384

bolda1400

doughtya1400

stalworthc1400

sternc1400

Ironsidea1470

stalwart1508

galliard1532

lada1556

stoutheart1556

hardydardy1593

valour1609

valiant1610

fireman1648

hearty1790

my (also me) hearty1839

1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 552/2 When the rage is ones passed, then rise up like lusty galiardes agayn, and fight a freshe.

a1658 J. Cleveland Mixt Assembly 87 Selden hee's a Galliard by himself.

b. A gay fellow; a man of fashion. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > fashionable society > [noun] > member of > male

gallant1388

wamfler15..

rutter1506

younkera1522

fine gentleman1575

cavalier1589

whisker1595

jinglespur1604

bravery1616

brisk1621

chevalier1630

man about town1647

man of mode1676

man of distinction1699

sprag1707

sparky1756

blood1763

swell1786

Corinthian1819

galliard1828

mondain1833

toff1851

flâneur1854

Johnny1883

silver-tail1898

knut1911

lounge lizard1918

old buster1919

Hooray Henry1959

1768 W. Donaldson Life Sir Bartholomew Sapskull II. 218 My fame..made my name famous among the gaillards of the town.

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth vii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 165 ‘How stands it with the bona robas and the galliards?’ ‘Little galliardise stirring, my lord.’

1854 M. Oliphant Magdalen Hepburn i. 296 God and the truth dwell not among galliards and gay companie.

2. A quick and lively dance in triple time. Historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > lively dances > [noun] > galliard and similar

tordion1531

galliard1539

cinquepace?1577

sturgion1579

syncopa1632

1539 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 50 b Vehement exercise is compounde of violent exercise and swifte whan they ar ioyned togither at one tyme, as dansyng of galyardes.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 52 Dansand base dansis, pauuans, galȝardis turdions, braulis and branglis.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) i. iii. 123 Why dost thou not goe to Church in a Galliard, and come home in a Carranto?

1656 P. Heylyn Surv. Estate France 2 Nothing but a nimble galliard filled with capers.

1746 W. Thompson Hymn to May xliii. 23 In the nimble footed Galliard, all, Shepherds and Shepherdesses, lively, join.

1808 W. Scott Marmion v. xii. 259 Never a hall such a galliard did grace.

1849 J. Stephen Ess. Eccl. Biogr. (1850) I. 157 Whether the lute should breathe a summons to the gaillard, or the trumpet ring out an alarm to the battle [etc.].

†3. The air to which the galliard was danced. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > dance music > [noun] > others

galliard1545

passamezzo1568

pavane1591

passy-measure1597

rant1656

passacaglia1659

passacaille1667

chaconne1685

rigadoon1690

passepied1696

rigaudon1708

bourrée1776

minuet de la cour1783

quadrille1802

treble1805

pigeon wing1807

polka1825

redowa1843

polka time1844

écossaise1863

verbunkos1880

drag1901

foxtrot1915

burru1929

rumba1931

palais glide1936

Lambeth Walk1937

jitterbug1939

high life1942

Zydeco1949

hand jive1958

hand jiving1958

hokey-cokey1966

twist1966

chicken scratch1972

smoocher1976

funana1981

New Beat1988

trance dance1988

1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus i. f. 9^v Whether these..galiardes..be lyker the Musike of the Lydians or the Dorians, you that be learned iudge.

1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 181 How manie foures of semibreues you put in the straine of your pauan, so many times sixe minimes must you put in the straine of your galliard.

1614 T. Overbury et al. Characters in Wife now Widdow sig. F He whistles his owne galliard.

1789 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music III. 87 This strain was usually followed by the Galliard.

attributive.1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §113 As when Galliard Time, and Measure Time, are in the Medly of one Dance.1654 J. Playford Breefe Introd. Skill Musick 16 The Imperfect of the More..is much used in Ayery Songs and Galliards, and is usually called Galliard or Triple time.

Derivatives

ˈgalliardly adv.

ΚΠ

1542 in State Papers Henry VIII (1830) I. 736 He..went galyardly to the matyer.

1550 T. Nicolls tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War 222 b They saylled and gouernedde their shyppes more galiardly than the othere.

1653 Z. Bogan Medit. Mirth Christian Life 30 How galliardly does the prophet cry out.

† †ˈgalliardness n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot iv. vi. 206 His sprightfull pleasance and galliardnesse abated.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	galliard
释义	galliardn.² Brit. /ˈɡalɪɑːd/, U.S. /ˈɡæljərd/ Forms: α. 1700s callierd, 1800s– calliard Brit. /ˈkalɪɑːd/, U.S. /ˈkæljərd/. β. 1800s– galliard. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a borrowing from French. Etymon: French caillot. Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps < Middle French caillot, chaillot building stone, paving stone (13th cent. in Old French), pebble (late 14th cent. in Middle French; < the same base (with a different suffix: compare -ot -ot suffix) as French caillou pebble (late 11th cent. in Old French as chailos )), with remodelling of the ending after formations in -ard suffix. Compare earlier calion n.French caillou is ultimately < the same Indo-European base as classical Latin callus callus n.; see also callow adj.² The β. forms probably result from association with galliard adj., although compare also ganister n. Chiefly English regional (northern) A hard, smooth, siliceous stone or rock; esp. a flinty gritstone. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > metamorphic rock > [noun] > gritstone millstone grit1682 galliard1781 ganister1811 α. 1781 J. Hutton Tour to Caves (ed. 2) Gloss. 87/2 Callierd, an hard stone. 1845 J. Phillips & C. G. B. Daubeny Geol. in Encycl. Metrop. VI. 587/2 Some less regular sandstone beds, called ‘Cankstone’, approach very nearly to the nature of the ganister or calliard rocks of the coal strata. 1859 D. Page Handbk. Geol. Terms 103 Calliard.., a local name for any hard siliceous stone; often applied by English miners and quarrymen to beds of cherty or siliceous limestone. 1902 H. P. Smith in T. Oliver Dangerous Trades xxiv. 396 Calliard is a hard, close-grained, silicious stone which often forms the stratum that underlies the coal seam. 1968 J. E. Hemingway in D. Murchison & T. S. Westoll Coal & Coal-bearing Strata iv. 57 These include those types, long recognised industrially as calliard, galliard, white flint and crowstone, among many others. β. 1822 E. Baines Hist., Directory & Gazetteer County of York I. p. x/1 In this part of the series, near Sheffield, Bradford, and Leeds, is dug the galliard stone, so much in request for the roads.1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) II. 531 Galliard, a North of England term for a hard, smooth, flinty grit.1904 W. Fream Soils & Their Properties 38 Very siliceous sandstones with a close even grain, are called cank, cankstone, or galliard stone.1968 J. E. Hemingway in D. Murchison & T. S. Westoll Coal & Coal-bearing Strata iv. 57 These include those types, long recognised industrially as calliard, galliard, white flint and crowstone, among many others. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). galliardadj.n.¹ /ˈɡalɪəd/ Forms: Middle English–1800s gaillard(e, gal(l)yard(e, Middle English–1800s galiard(e, Middle English–1500s galȝart, 1500s galyeard ( galȝard, galȝeard, gagliard), 1500s– galliard. Etymology: < Old French and French gaillard, -art (modern French gaillard ) = Provençal galhart , Spanish, gallardo , Portuguese galhardo , Italian gagliardo adjective, of unknown origin: for the suffix see -ard suffix. The noun B 2, 3, is < French gaillarde, properly the feminine of the adjective. A. adj. 1. Valiant, hardy, ‘stout’, sturdy. Obsolete exc. archaic. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > valour > valour or stoutness > [adjective] stalwortha1225 stoutly1338 galliard?a1400 stout?1507 stoutya1529 ?a1400 Morte Arth. 1265 Sir Gawayne and syr Gryme, these galyarde knyghtez. a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 540 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 111 Mony galiard gome was on ye ground levit. 1535 Let. in J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. II. 299 There was a galiard assault given before five o'clock in the morning. 1536 R. Morison Remedy for Sedition sig. 2a He [Sertorius] had also two horses, thone galyarde, lusty, and of a thycke tayle. 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres iii. 46 It doth much import that the front be gaillard and strong. 1650 J. Howell tr. A. Giraffi Exact Hist. Late Revol. Naples 130 And it was held convenient by all to com to som galliard resolution. 1862 H. Marryat One Year in Sweden II. 241 We pass by gutted towers, four stories high, with machicolations fresh as yesterday—gaillard and daring. 2. Lively, brisk, gay, full of high spirits. archaic. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pleasure > merriment > [adjective] blitheOE merryOE golikc1175 lustya1225 playfulc1225 jollyc1305 merrya1350 jocund?c1380 galliardc1386 in (also on) a (merry, etc.) pinc1395 mirthfula1400 baudec1400 gayc1400 jovy1426 jocantc1440 crank1499 envoisiesa1500 as merry as a cricket1509 pleasant1530 frolic?1548 jolious1575 gleeful1586 buxom1590 gleesome1590 festival1592 laughter-loving1592 disposed1593 jucund1596 heartsomec1600 jovial1607 jovialist1610 laughsome1612 jocundary1618 gaysome1633 chirpinga1637 jovialissime1652 airy1654 festivous1654 hilarous1659 spleneticala1661 cocket1671 cranny1673 high1695 vogie1715 raffing?1719 festal1724 as merry (or lively) as a grig1728 hearty1755 tittuping1772 festive1774 fun-loving1776 mirthsome1787 Falstaffian1809 cranky1811 laughful1825 as lively as a cricket1832 hurrah1835 hilarious1838 Bacchic1865 laughterful1874 griggish1879 banzai1929 slap-you-on-the-back1932 c1386 G. Chaucer Cook's Tale 3 Gaillard he was as Goldfinch in the shawe. 1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid viii. Prol. 31 The galiart grum grunschis at grammis hym greuis. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 785 Amang their Galȝart Gromis I am bot ane Gest. 1652 J. Evelyn State of France 107 There lives not..a more frank, galiard, and supine people. 1671 T. Shadwell Humorists ii, in Wks. (1720) I. 172 Come, Madam, let's be frolick, galliard, and extraordinary brisk. 1821 Ld. Byron Marino Faliero (2nd issue) i. i. 6 Steno's a patrician, Young, galliard, gay, and haughty. 1827 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd 176 The faemen grew galyard now, and crouse ilk ane. 1835 W. Irving Tour on Prairies i, in Crayon Misc. I. 20 A young Swiss Count..galliard in the extreme, and prone to every kind of wild adventure. 1868 R. Browning Ring & Bk. I. ii. 85 These wretched Comparini were once gay And galiard, of the modest middle class. †3. Having a gay appearance, spruce. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > fashionableness > [adjective] > smart gallantc1420 galliard1513 fine1526 trickly1580 pink1598 genteel1601 sparkful1605 sparkish1657 jaunty1662 spankinga1666 shanty1685 trig1725 smartish1738 distinguished1748 nobby1788 dashing1801 vaudy1805 swell1810 distingué1813 dashy1822 nutty1823 chic1832 slicked1836 flash1838 rakish1840 spiffy1853 smart1860 sassy1861 classy1870 spiffing1872 toffish1873 tony1877 swish1879 hep1899 toffy1901 hip1904 toppy1905 in1906 floozy1911 swank1913 jazz1917 ritzy1919 smooth1920 snappy1925 snazzy1931 groovy1937 what ho1937 gussy1940 criss1954 high camp1954 sprauncy1957 James Bondish1966 James Bond1967 schmick1972 designer1978 atas1993 as fine as fivepence- 1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid xii. Prol. 150 Ane paradice it semyt to draw neyr Thyr galȝart gardyngis and ilke greyn herbere. c1598 King James VI & I Basilicon Doron (1944) I. iii. 176 Faill neuer in tyme of uarres to be galliardest & brauest bathe in claithis & countenance. a1600 A. Montgomerie Misc. Poems xiii. 25 Love maks men galȝard in thair geir. B. n.¹ 1. †a. A man of courage and spirit. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > heroism > [noun] > hero > person of mettle heart1340 heart of oakc1384 bolda1400 doughtya1400 stalworthc1400 sternc1400 Ironsidea1470 stalwart1508 galliard1532 lada1556 stoutheart1556 hardydardy1593 valour1609 valiant1610 fireman1648 hearty1790 my (also me) hearty1839 1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 552/2 When the rage is ones passed, then rise up like lusty galiardes agayn, and fight a freshe. a1658 J. Cleveland Mixt Assembly 87 Selden hee's a Galliard by himself. b. A gay fellow; a man of fashion. archaic. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > fashionable society > [noun] > member of > male gallant1388 wamfler15.. rutter1506 younkera1522 fine gentleman1575 cavalier1589 whisker1595 jinglespur1604 bravery1616 brisk1621 chevalier1630 man about town1647 man of mode1676 man of distinction1699 sprag1707 sparky1756 blood1763 swell1786 Corinthian1819 galliard1828 mondain1833 toff1851 flâneur1854 Johnny1883 silver-tail1898 knut1911 lounge lizard1918 old buster1919 Hooray Henry1959 1768 W. Donaldson Life Sir Bartholomew Sapskull II. 218 My fame..made my name famous among the gaillards of the town. 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth vii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 165 ‘How stands it with the bona robas and the galliards?’ ‘Little galliardise stirring, my lord.’ 1854 M. Oliphant Magdalen Hepburn i. 296 God and the truth dwell not among galliards and gay companie. 2. A quick and lively dance in triple time. Historical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > lively dances > [noun] > galliard and similar tordion1531 galliard1539 cinquepace?1577 sturgion1579 syncopa1632 1539 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 50 b Vehement exercise is compounde of violent exercise and swifte whan they ar ioyned togither at one tyme, as dansyng of galyardes. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 52 Dansand base dansis, pauuans, galȝardis turdions, braulis and branglis. a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) i. iii. 123 Why dost thou not goe to Church in a Galliard, and come home in a Carranto? View more context for this quotation 1656 P. Heylyn Surv. Estate France 2 Nothing but a nimble galliard filled with capers. 1746 W. Thompson Hymn to May xliii. 23 In the nimble footed Galliard, all, Shepherds and Shepherdesses, lively, join. 1808 W. Scott Marmion v. xii. 259 Never a hall such a galliard did grace. 1849 J. Stephen Ess. Eccl. Biogr. (1850) I. 157 Whether the lute should breathe a summons to the gaillard, or the trumpet ring out an alarm to the battle [etc.]. †3. The air to which the galliard was danced. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > dance music > [noun] > others galliard1545 passamezzo1568 pavane1591 passy-measure1597 rant1656 passacaglia1659 passacaille1667 chaconne1685 rigadoon1690 passepied1696 rigaudon1708 bourrée1776 minuet de la cour1783 quadrille1802 treble1805 pigeon wing1807 polka1825 redowa1843 polka time1844 écossaise1863 verbunkos1880 drag1901 foxtrot1915 burru1929 rumba1931 palais glide1936 Lambeth Walk1937 jitterbug1939 high life1942 Zydeco1949 hand jive1958 hand jiving1958 hokey-cokey1966 twist1966 chicken scratch1972 smoocher1976 funana1981 New Beat1988 trance dance1988 1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus i. f. 9^v Whether these..galiardes..be lyker the Musike of the Lydians or the Dorians, you that be learned iudge. 1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 181 How manie foures of semibreues you put in the straine of your pauan, so many times sixe minimes must you put in the straine of your galliard. 1614 T. Overbury et al. Characters in Wife now Widdow sig. F He whistles his owne galliard. 1789 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music III. 87 This strain was usually followed by the Galliard. attributive.1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §113 As when Galliard Time, and Measure Time, are in the Medly of one Dance.1654 J. Playford Breefe Introd. Skill Musick 16 The Imperfect of the More..is much used in Ayery Songs and Galliards, and is usually called Galliard or Triple time. Derivatives ˈgalliardly adv. ΚΠ 1542 in State Papers Henry VIII (1830) I. 736 He..went galyardly to the matyer. 1550 T. Nicolls tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War 222 b They saylled and gouernedde their shyppes more galiardly than the othere. 1653 Z. Bogan Medit. Mirth Christian Life 30 How galliardly does the prophet cry out. † †ˈgalliardness n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot iv. vi. 206 His sprightfull pleasance and galliardnesse abated. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.²1781adj.n.¹c1386
随便看	strawstack strawstem strawstuffed strawthatched strawwer strawwest strawwisped stricto sensu strictory strictural stricture strictured strictures stricturotomy strid stridden striddle striddle-legs striddled striddlelegs striddles striddling stride stride accent stride bass

galliardn.2

galliardadj.n.1

Derivatives

galliardn.²

galliardadj.n.¹