Gambiann.adj.

Brit.

/ˈɡambɪən/, U.S.

/ˈɡæmbiən/

Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Gambia , -an suffix.

Etymology: < the name of Gambia (also The Gambia), a country in West Africa ( < the name of the Gambia River, which flows through the centre of the country) + -an suffix.The name is found in English contexts denoting the river from at least the late 16th cent., and denoting the surrounding area from at least the early 17th cent. The country gained its independence from the U.K. in 1965.

A. n.

A native or inhabitant of Gambia (see sense B. 1.); a person of Gambian descent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Africa > native or inhabitant of West Africa > [noun] > countries or regions

Guinean1589

Kongo1600

Gambian1744

Guinea Negro1748

Congoese1765

Sierra Leonean1791

Congolese1800

Liberian1826

Guinea-man1830

Nigerian1860

Lagosian1897

Basenji1906

Ghanaian1949

assimilado1953

Mali1960

Malian1960

Katangese1962

Biafran1967

Zairean1972

Ivorian1973

Zairois1973

Zairese1974

Upper Voltan1975

Voltaic1976

1744 W. Smith's New Voy. Guinea 28 The Gambians, who are naturally very idle and lazy, abhor Slavery.

1855 U.S. Mag. July 363 Many wild shrubs, plants, and creepers..line the road to Oyster Creek,..and..are relished by the worthy Gambians.

1892 R. Brown Story of Afr. & its Explorers I. viii. 163/2 Then the astute sailor resorted to the ultimate argument of all: he produced a brandy-bottle and told the timid Gambians to consult this oracle.

1943 K. W. Blackburne Devel. & Welfare Gambia i. 6 It is a question whether, in the case of Gambians, this [consent to international transfer of territory] would be forthcoming.

1957 C. MacInnes City of Spades ii. xi. 172 I..waited..in case those two Gambians might start some fight again.

1992 R. Long Under Baobab Tree Foreword p. iv No-one was more surprised than I when I fell in love with a Gambian.

B. adj.

1. Originally: of or relating to the Gambia River in West Africa. Subsequently: of or relating to Gambia (also The Gambia), the country consisting of the territory surrounding this river, or its people.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > specific rivers > [adjective]

Pactolian1586

Amazonian1605

Gangic1606

Gangetic1625

Gambian1750

Thamesian1859

Indo-Gangetic1880

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Africa > [adjective] > West Africa > specific countries

Guinean1607

Congoese1765

Liberian1823

Congolese1839

Gambian1864

Mali1906

Senegambian1911

Togolese1957

Mauritanian1959

Malian1963

Ivorian1966

Biafran1967

Upper Voltan1972

1750 J. Kirkpatrick Sea-piece iv. 101 Scarce more intense the sooty Clans perceive Beside the Niger or the Gambian Wave.

1799 J. Leyden Hist. Sketch Discov. & Settlem. Afr. xii. 323 Men and women [of the town of Wassiboo].., in planting corn, use a paddle superior to that of the Gambian Negroes.

1853 N. Ames Pirates' Glen & Dungeon Rock i. 21 Here, take these bracelets and this diamond ring; They graced the daughter of a Gambian king!

1864 M. Reid Maroon lxxii. 229 The African maiden answered with promises of faithfulness, alike free, alike fervent. She no longer sighed for her far Gambian home.

1906 F. B. Archer Gambia Colony i. 23 It certainly merits more than a passing mention in any record..of Gambian history.

1966 Transition No. 26. 20/1 In the work of his contemporary, the Gambian poet Lenrie Peters, the emphasis is slightly different.

2003 E. Gregg & R. Trillo Rough Guide to Gambia p. xi Gambian favourites like chicken yassa or grilled barracuda are best enjoyed outdoors.

2. Medicine. Designating various forms of African trypanosomiasis; spec. the more chronic form of sleeping sickness caused in humans by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. Cf. Gambia fever n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > parasitic disorders > [noun] > trypanosomiasis

sleepy sickness1803

Gambia fever1817

sleeping sickness1875

Negro lethargy1886

sleep disease1897

trypanosomiasis1902

trypanosomatosis1903

Gambian1904

Chagas' disease1912

1904 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 28 May 1416/1 These diseases are..: nagana, dourine, galziektè, zousfana, Gambian horse disease and human trypanosomiasis. The latter designation includes the Gambian or trypanosomatic fever of Dutton and Forde and the so-called sleeping sickness.

1916 H. B. Fantham et al. Animal Parasites of Man 100 The T. dimorphon..in Gambian horse sickness has been shown to be a mixture of T. vivax and T. congolense.

1932 Trans. Royal Soc. Trop. Med. & Hygiene 25 431 It is probable that this will prove to be the most successful method of treating Gambian sleeping sickness.

1971 Bull. World Health Org. 45 13/1 Parasitaemia in Gambian trypanosomiasis of man is usually so low that the infecting organisms can rarely be found in a blood film.

2009 B. L. Waters Handbk. Autopsy Pract. ii. 515 (table) Trypanosomes may be present, especially in late Gambian disease.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	gambian
释义	Gambiann.adj. Brit. /ˈɡambɪən/, U.S. /ˈɡæmbiən/ Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Gambia , -an suffix. Etymology: < the name of Gambia (also The Gambia), a country in West Africa ( < the name of the Gambia River, which flows through the centre of the country) + -an suffix.The name is found in English contexts denoting the river from at least the late 16th cent., and denoting the surrounding area from at least the early 17th cent. The country gained its independence from the U.K. in 1965. A. n. A native or inhabitant of Gambia (see sense B. 1.); a person of Gambian descent. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Africa > native or inhabitant of West Africa > [noun] > countries or regions Guinean1589 Kongo1600 Gambian1744 Guinea Negro1748 Congoese1765 Sierra Leonean1791 Congolese1800 Liberian1826 Guinea-man1830 Nigerian1860 Lagosian1897 Basenji1906 Ghanaian1949 assimilado1953 Mali1960 Malian1960 Katangese1962 Biafran1967 Zairean1972 Ivorian1973 Zairois1973 Zairese1974 Upper Voltan1975 Voltaic1976 1744 W. Smith's New Voy. Guinea 28 The Gambians, who are naturally very idle and lazy, abhor Slavery. 1855 U.S. Mag. July 363 Many wild shrubs, plants, and creepers..line the road to Oyster Creek,..and..are relished by the worthy Gambians. 1892 R. Brown Story of Afr. & its Explorers I. viii. 163/2 Then the astute sailor resorted to the ultimate argument of all: he produced a brandy-bottle and told the timid Gambians to consult this oracle. 1943 K. W. Blackburne Devel. & Welfare Gambia i. 6 It is a question whether, in the case of Gambians, this [consent to international transfer of territory] would be forthcoming. 1957 C. MacInnes City of Spades ii. xi. 172 I..waited..in case those two Gambians might start some fight again. 1992 R. Long Under Baobab Tree Foreword p. iv No-one was more surprised than I when I fell in love with a Gambian. B. adj. 1. Originally: of or relating to the Gambia River in West Africa. Subsequently: of or relating to Gambia (also The Gambia), the country consisting of the territory surrounding this river, or its people. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > specific rivers > [adjective] Pactolian1586 Amazonian1605 Gangic1606 Gangetic1625 Gambian1750 Thamesian1859 Indo-Gangetic1880 the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Africa > [adjective] > West Africa > specific countries Guinean1607 Congoese1765 Liberian1823 Congolese1839 Gambian1864 Mali1906 Senegambian1911 Togolese1957 Mauritanian1959 Malian1963 Ivorian1966 Biafran1967 Upper Voltan1972 1750 J. Kirkpatrick Sea-piece iv. 101 Scarce more intense the sooty Clans perceive Beside the Niger or the Gambian Wave. 1799 J. Leyden Hist. Sketch Discov. & Settlem. Afr. xii. 323 Men and women [of the town of Wassiboo].., in planting corn, use a paddle superior to that of the Gambian Negroes. 1853 N. Ames Pirates' Glen & Dungeon Rock i. 21 Here, take these bracelets and this diamond ring; They graced the daughter of a Gambian king! 1864 M. Reid Maroon lxxii. 229 The African maiden answered with promises of faithfulness, alike free, alike fervent. She no longer sighed for her far Gambian home. 1906 F. B. Archer Gambia Colony i. 23 It certainly merits more than a passing mention in any record..of Gambian history. 1966 Transition No. 26. 20/1 In the work of his contemporary, the Gambian poet Lenrie Peters, the emphasis is slightly different. 2003 E. Gregg & R. Trillo Rough Guide to Gambia p. xi Gambian favourites like chicken yassa or grilled barracuda are best enjoyed outdoors. 2. Medicine. Designating various forms of African trypanosomiasis; spec. the more chronic form of sleeping sickness caused in humans by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. Cf. Gambia fever n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > parasitic disorders > [noun] > trypanosomiasis sleepy sickness1803 Gambia fever1817 sleeping sickness1875 Negro lethargy1886 sleep disease1897 trypanosomiasis1902 trypanosomatosis1903 Gambian1904 Chagas' disease1912 1904 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 28 May 1416/1 These diseases are..: nagana, dourine, galziektè, zousfana, Gambian horse disease and human trypanosomiasis. The latter designation includes the Gambian or trypanosomatic fever of Dutton and Forde and the so-called sleeping sickness. 1916 H. B. Fantham et al. Animal Parasites of Man 100 The T. dimorphon..in Gambian horse sickness has been shown to be a mixture of T. vivax and T. congolense. 1932 Trans. Royal Soc. Trop. Med. & Hygiene 25 431 It is probable that this will prove to be the most successful method of treating Gambian sleeping sickness. 1971 Bull. World Health Org. 45 13/1 Parasitaemia in Gambian trypanosomiasis of man is usually so low that the infecting organisms can rarely be found in a blood film. 2009 B. L. Waters Handbk. Autopsy Pract. ii. 515 (table) Trypanosomes may be present, especially in late Gambian disease. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1744
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