gizzardn.

Brit.

/ˈɡɪzəd/, U.S.

/ˈɡɪzərd/

Forms: α. Middle English, 1500s giser, Middle English gyser, gysour, gysowr, guysyer, 1500s–1600s gysar, (1600s gesier, gizier, gizzar). β. 1500s guisard, guysard, 1500s–1600s gysard(e, 1600s–1700s gizard, 1700s ghizzard, 1600s, 1800s dialect gisard, 1600s– gizzard. See also gizzern n.

Etymology: < Old French giser, gezier, juisier, jugier, also guiser, gizzard, modern French gésier, commonly explained as < popular Latin *gicerium = Latin gigeria neuter plural, the cooked entrails of a fowl. The final d of the β-forms is parallel to that of 16th cent. garnerd for garner, and the nonstandard scholard for scholar. The pronunciation with (g) seems to come from the unexplained Old French form guiser (Godefroy Compl.).

a. The second or muscular stomach of birds in which the food is ground, after being mixed with gastric juice in the proventriculus or first stomach.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > gizzard

gizzardc1374

gizzern1398

gigerium1875

ventriculus1891

α. c1374 [see sense 3].

c1430 Two Cookery-bks. i. 9 Take fayre garbagys of chykonys, as þe hed, þe fete, þe lyuerys, an þe gysowrys.

c1450 Two Cookery-bks. ii. 72 Chikenes hedes, ffete, lyvers, And gysers.

1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 10 a The innermost skine of a hennes gysar.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 295 They haue within their throat another kind of gizzar besides their craw.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 625 In the gesiers of cocks there be found certaine stones, called..Alectoriæ.

β. 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Alectoria..a stone in the mawe or gysarde of a cocke.1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iii. f. 145^v The Guysard of the Storke.1620 T. Venner Via Recta iii. 68 The Gysard or Maw of Fowles.a1637 B. Jonson Masque of Gypsies 86 in tr. Horace Art of Poetry (1640) To these an over-growne Iustice of peace, With a Clarke like a gizzard thrust under each arme.a1793 G. White Observ. Birds in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1802) II. 176 The gizzard [was] thick and strong.1836–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. II. 11/2 The gizzard is of much smaller dimensions than the crop.1872 St. G. Mivart Lessons Elem. Anat. xi. 444 Another complication of stomach is produced by an enormous increase of the muscular coat of the pylorus. A stomach so thickened is called a gizzard, and is found in most birds.figurative.1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam 25 I look at her as the very gizzard of a trifle,..the epitome of nothing.

b. The stomach of the gillaroo trout.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > internal organs and systems > [noun] > stomach

reedeOE

maweOE

craw1574

ventricle1575

gizzard1776

rud1841

1776 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (ed. 4, octavo) III. iv. 300 The trouts of certain lakes of Ireland..are remarkable for the great thickness of their stomachs, which, from some slight resemblance to the organs of digestion in birds, have been called gizzards.

1780 A. Young Tour Ireland (Dublin ed.) I. 351 The Gillaroo trout with gizards.

c. Entomology. The proventriculus or first stomach of certain insects.

ΚΠ

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlviii. 434 As to their anatomy, the Orthoptera have a ventricle or gizzard.

1868 W. B. Carpenter Microscope (ed. 4) §521 The muscular Gizzard..is often lined by several rows of strong Horny Teeth, for the reduction of the food... These are particularly developed among the Grasshoppers, Crickets, and Locusts.

d. Zoology. The thickened muscular stomach found in certain molluscs.

ΚΠ

1841 T. R. Jones Gen. Outl. Animal Kingdom ix. 122 In Brachionus urceolaris..the gizzard..exhibits through its transparent coats the peculiar dental organs placed within it.

1850 G. Johnston Introd. Conchol. 311 The muscular gizzard of the latter [Aplysia] is studded with numerous sharp pyramidal knobs of a semi-cartilaginous consistence.

1854 S. P. Woodward Man. Mollusca ii. 182 Bullidæ... Gizzard armed with calcarious plates.

2. Jocularly attributed to persons, esp. in phrases, to fret one's gizzard: to worry oneself. See also to stick in the gizzard at stick v.¹ 26b.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > worry > [verb (reflexive)]

fretc1290

overfret1445

solicita1450

turmoil?1529

moila1560

to fret one's gizzard1755

to worry (oneself), be worried, sick1952

1668 S. Pepys Diary 17 June (1976) IX. 243 I find my wife hath something in her gizzard that which waits an opportunity of being provoked to bring up.

1672 R. Wild Let. Declar. Liberty Conscience 11 There was some grumbling of the Gizard.

1679 Vindic. Sir T. Player 1/2 'Tis the Matter, not the Manner that sticks in our Unworthy Respondents Gizzard.

1692 R. L'Estrange Fables cccxlix. 305 Satisfaction and Restitution lie so Cursedly hard upon the Gizzards of our Publicans, that [etc.].

1716 tr. T.-S. Gueullette Thousand & One Quarters of Hours 175 I was going home, grumbling in the Gizzard.

1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 93 Don't let that stick in your Gizzard.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. s.v., 2. It is proverbially used for apprehension or conception of mind: as, he frets his gizzard, he harrasses his imagination.

1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) (at cited word) ‘To grumble in the gizzard’, to complain and be dissatisfied.

1833 R. H. Froude Remains (1838) I. 322 That odious Protestantism sticks in people's gizzard.

1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust II. ii. iii. 166 That little one, she warms my gizzard.

1879 K. S. Macquoid Berkshire Lady 153 Pick a quarrel and..run him through the gizzard.

3. Used (after French juisier: see Littré at gésier) to translate Latin jecur, liver.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > giblets

gizzardc1374

giblet1546

c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr.) iii. metr. xii. 84 The fowel that hihte voltor that etith the stomak or the gyser of ticius.

a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) ii. f. cccxii/1 He put his honde in me & drewe out my guysyer & toke awaye my maladye.

a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) ii. f. cccxii/1 I was strongly persecuted of the guysyer in soo moche that I coude not praye to god.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

gizzard hue n.

ΚΠ

1826 T. Hood Irish Schoolmaster viii, in Whims & Oddities 124 A pair of shaggy brows O'erhang as many eyes of gizzard hue.

C2.

gizzard-fallen adj. (see quots.).

ΚΠ

1765 Treat. Domest. Pigeons 37 Another disease to which they [Pigeons] are subject is gizzard-fallen, that is, the gizzard falls down to the vent.

gizzard-fish n. (see quots.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > family Salmonidae (salmon) > [noun] > genus Coregonus (whitefish) > member of

whiting1587

gwyniad1612

powan1633

whitefish1698

tittimeg1705

omul1706

pollack1707

pollan1714

skelly1740

vendace1769

tullibee1789

ferra1807

roundfish1821

herring-salmon1836

shad-salmon1842

mountain herring1877

bluefin1878

grayling1879

shad-waiter1879

houting1880

kilch1881

Menominee1882

gizzard-fish1883

1883 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Useful Animals Gizzard fish, a name for the white fish (Coregonus albus), belonging to the salmon family.

gizzard-shad n. (see quots.).

ΚΠ

1889 J. S. Farmer Americanisms Gizzard-shad, the Carolinan name for the Ale-wife.

gizzard-trout n. = gillaroo n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > family Salmonidae (salmon) > [noun] > genus Salmo > trout (unspecified and miscellaneous)

shoata1000

river trout1589

sheliscada1640

bouge1705

yellowfin1771

gillaroo1773

gizzard-trout1773

whiting1792

orange-fin1834

pug-trout1865

1773 in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) (1774) 64 119 The Gillaroo or Gizzard trout.

1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. II. iii. 187 Gizzard-trout.

Draft additions September 2012

gizzard stone n. any one of the stones or pieces of gravel normally present in the gizzard of many larger birds and certain herbivorous dinosaurs, which aid the grinding of ingested food.

ΚΠ

1678 W. Salmon tr. Pharmacopœia Londinensis iii. xiii. 405/2 Cocks Gizard stone. The bearing of it is said to provoke Venery.

1880 J. C. Crawford Recoll. Trav. N.Z. & Austral. 94 Wherever a heap of gizzard stones, composed chiefly of quartz pebbles, are met with, Moa bones may be expected.

1935 Bios 6 223 A nice smooth stone which some obese Barosaurus tossed about in his stomach as a timely preventative of acute indigestion—that constituted a gizzard stone.

2003 Sci. News 1 Nov. 286/2 Gizzard stones account for just over 1 percent of an ostrich's body weight.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	gizzard
释义	gizzardn. Brit. /ˈɡɪzəd/, U.S. /ˈɡɪzərd/ Forms: α. Middle English, 1500s giser, Middle English gyser, gysour, gysowr, guysyer, 1500s–1600s gysar, (1600s gesier, gizier, gizzar). β. 1500s guisard, guysard, 1500s–1600s gysard(e, 1600s–1700s gizard, 1700s ghizzard, 1600s, 1800s dialect gisard, 1600s– gizzard. See also gizzern n. Etymology: < Old French giser, gezier, juisier, jugier, also guiser, gizzard, modern French gésier, commonly explained as < popular Latin gicerium = Latin gigeria* neuter plural, the cooked entrails of a fowl. The final d of the β-forms is parallel to that of 16th cent. garnerd for garner, and the nonstandard scholard for scholar. The pronunciation with (g) seems to come from the unexplained Old French form guiser (Godefroy Compl.). 1. a. The second or muscular stomach of birds in which the food is ground, after being mixed with gastric juice in the proventriculus or first stomach. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > gizzard gizzardc1374 gizzern1398 gigerium1875 ventriculus1891 α. c1374 [see sense 3]. c1430 Two Cookery-bks. i. 9 Take fayre garbagys of chykonys, as þe hed, þe fete, þe lyuerys, an þe gysowrys. c1450 Two Cookery-bks. ii. 72 Chikenes hedes, ffete, lyvers, And gysers. 1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 10 a The innermost skine of a hennes gysar. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 295 They haue within their throat another kind of gizzar besides their craw. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 625 In the gesiers of cocks there be found certaine stones, called..Alectoriæ. β. 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Alectoria..a stone in the mawe or gysarde of a cocke.1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iii. f. 145^v The Guysard of the Storke.1620 T. Venner Via Recta iii. 68 The Gysard or Maw of Fowles.a1637 B. Jonson Masque of Gypsies 86 in tr. Horace Art of Poetry (1640) To these an over-growne Iustice of peace, With a Clarke like a gizzard thrust under each arme.a1793 G. White Observ. Birds in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1802) II. 176 The gizzard [was] thick and strong.1836–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. II. 11/2 The gizzard is of much smaller dimensions than the crop.1872 St. G. Mivart Lessons Elem. Anat. xi. 444 Another complication of stomach is produced by an enormous increase of the muscular coat of the pylorus. A stomach so thickened is called a gizzard, and is found in most birds.figurative.1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam 25 I look at her as the very gizzard of a trifle,..the epitome of nothing. b. The stomach of the gillaroo trout. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > internal organs and systems > [noun] > stomach reedeOE maweOE craw1574 ventricle1575 gizzard1776 rud1841 1776 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (ed. 4, octavo) III. iv. 300 The trouts of certain lakes of Ireland..are remarkable for the great thickness of their stomachs, which, from some slight resemblance to the organs of digestion in birds, have been called gizzards. 1780 A. Young Tour Ireland (Dublin ed.) I. 351 The Gillaroo trout with gizards. c. Entomology. The proventriculus or first stomach of certain insects. ΚΠ 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlviii. 434 As to their anatomy, the Orthoptera have a ventricle or gizzard. 1868 W. B. Carpenter Microscope (ed. 4) §521 The muscular Gizzard..is often lined by several rows of strong Horny Teeth, for the reduction of the food... These are particularly developed among the Grasshoppers, Crickets, and Locusts. d. Zoology. The thickened muscular stomach found in certain molluscs. ΚΠ 1841 T. R. Jones Gen. Outl. Animal Kingdom ix. 122 In Brachionus urceolaris..the gizzard..exhibits through its transparent coats the peculiar dental organs placed within it. 1850 G. Johnston Introd. Conchol. 311 The muscular gizzard of the latter [Aplysia] is studded with numerous sharp pyramidal knobs of a semi-cartilaginous consistence. 1854 S. P. Woodward Man. Mollusca ii. 182 Bullidæ... Gizzard armed with calcarious plates. 2. Jocularly attributed to persons, esp. in phrases, to fret one's gizzard: to worry oneself. See also to stick in the gizzard at stick v.¹ 26b. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > worry > [verb (reflexive)] fretc1290 overfret1445 solicita1450 turmoil?1529 moila1560 to fret one's gizzard1755 to worry (oneself), be worried, sick1952 1668 S. Pepys Diary 17 June (1976) IX. 243 I find my wife hath something in her gizzard that which waits an opportunity of being provoked to bring up. 1672 R. Wild Let. Declar. Liberty Conscience 11 There was some grumbling of the Gizard. 1679 Vindic. Sir T. Player 1/2 'Tis the Matter, not the Manner that sticks in our Unworthy Respondents Gizzard. 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables cccxlix. 305 Satisfaction and Restitution lie so Cursedly hard upon the Gizzards of our Publicans, that [etc.]. 1716 tr. T.-S. Gueullette Thousand & One Quarters of Hours 175 I was going home, grumbling in the Gizzard. 1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 93 Don't let that stick in your Gizzard. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. s.v., 2. It is proverbially used for apprehension or conception of mind: as, he frets his gizzard, he harrasses his imagination. 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) (at cited word) ‘To grumble in the gizzard’, to complain and be dissatisfied. 1833 R. H. Froude Remains (1838) I. 322 That odious Protestantism sticks in people's gizzard. 1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust II. ii. iii. 166 That little one, she warms my gizzard. 1879 K. S. Macquoid Berkshire Lady 153 Pick a quarrel and..run him through the gizzard. 3. Used (after French juisier: see Littré at gésier) to translate Latin jecur, liver. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > giblets gizzardc1374 giblet1546 c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr.) iii. metr. xii. 84 The fowel that hihte voltor that etith the stomak or the gyser of ticius. a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) ii. f. cccxii/1 He put his honde in me & drewe out my guysyer & toke awaye my maladye. a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) ii. f. cccxii/1 I was strongly persecuted of the guysyer in soo moche that I coude not praye to god. Compounds C1. General attributive. gizzard hue n. ΚΠ 1826 T. Hood Irish Schoolmaster viii, in Whims & Oddities 124 A pair of shaggy brows O'erhang as many eyes of gizzard hue. C2. gizzard-fallen adj. (see quots.). ΚΠ 1765 Treat. Domest. Pigeons 37 Another disease to which they [Pigeons] are subject is gizzard-fallen, that is, the gizzard falls down to the vent. gizzard-fish n. (see quots.). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > family Salmonidae (salmon) > [noun] > genus Coregonus (whitefish) > member of whiting1587 gwyniad1612 powan1633 whitefish1698 tittimeg1705 omul1706 pollack1707 pollan1714 skelly1740 vendace1769 tullibee1789 ferra1807 roundfish1821 herring-salmon1836 shad-salmon1842 mountain herring1877 bluefin1878 grayling1879 shad-waiter1879 houting1880 kilch1881 Menominee1882 gizzard-fish1883 1883 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Useful Animals Gizzard fish, a name for the white fish (Coregonus albus), belonging to the salmon family. gizzard-shad n. (see quots.). ΚΠ 1889 J. S. Farmer Americanisms Gizzard-shad, the Carolinan name for the Ale-wife. gizzard-trout n. = gillaroo n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > family Salmonidae (salmon) > [noun] > genus Salmo > trout (unspecified and miscellaneous) shoata1000 river trout1589 sheliscada1640 bouge1705 yellowfin1771 gillaroo1773 gizzard-trout1773 whiting1792 orange-fin1834 pug-trout1865 1773 in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) (1774) 64 119 The Gillaroo or Gizzard trout. 1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. II. iii. 187 Gizzard-trout. Draft additions September 2012 gizzard stone n. any one of the stones or pieces of gravel normally present in the gizzard of many larger birds and certain herbivorous dinosaurs, which aid the grinding of ingested food. ΚΠ 1678 W. Salmon tr. Pharmacopœia Londinensis iii. xiii. 405/2 Cocks Gizard stone. The bearing of it is said to provoke Venery. 1880 J. C. Crawford Recoll. Trav. N.Z. & Austral. 94 Wherever a heap of gizzard stones, composed chiefly of quartz pebbles, are met with, Moa bones may be expected. 1935 Bios 6 223 A nice smooth stone which some obese Barosaurus tossed about in his stomach as a timely preventative of acute indigestion—that constituted a gizzard stone. 2003 Sci. News 1 Nov. 286/2 Gizzard stones account for just over 1 percent of an ostrich's body weight. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.c1374
随便看	unembarrassed unembarrassedly unembarrassing unembarrassingly unembarrassment underproduction underproductions underproficient underprompt underprompter underprop underproportion underproportioned underproposition underpropped underpropper underproppers underpropping underprops underprospect underpry underpublicised underpull underpuller underpulse