单词 | hearse |
释义 | hearsen.ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > implement (general) > candleholder > [noun] trendle1423 paschal1426 shaft?c1450 pan1511 trestle1523 strestell1531 hearse1563 Jesse1706 menorah1886 hanukkiah1939 1287 Synod of Exeter xii, in D. Wilkins Conc. (1737) II. 139 Vas ad aquam benedictam. Hercia ad tenebras.] 1563 Inv. Chr. Ch., Canterb. (Chapter Libr. Canterb.) Item a heade for the hearse of coper and gylte to carrye the iij. lyghts to the fier vppon Estereuen. 2. a. An elaborate framework originally intended to carry a large number of lighted tapers and other decorations over the bier or coffin while placed in the church at the funerals of distinguished persons; also called castrum doloris, chapelle ardente, or catafalco. ΘΠ the world > life > death > obsequies > funeral equipment > [noun] > elaborate framework hearsec1368 1291 Acct. Executors Queen Eleanor in J. H. Parker Gloss. Terms Archit. (1845) I. 199 Pro meremio ad hercias Dominæ Reginæ, apud Westmonasterium.] c1368 G. Chaucer Compl. Pite 15 Adown I fell when I sawe the herse, Dede as stone. 1399 Test. Rich. II in Rymer Fœdera VIII. 75 Ita..quod, pro prædictis Exequiis, iv Herciæ..per Executores nostros congrue præparentur.] a1450 Le Morte Arth. 3532 By-fore a tombe, that new was dyghte..There-on an herse, sothely to saye, Wyth an C tappers lyghte. 1485 in J. T. Fowler Acts Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1875) 277 That there be byrnyng on herse v serges, ilkoone of a pownde of waxe. 1526 Accts. St. John's Hosp., Canterbury (Canterbury Cathedral Archives: CCA-U13/4) Payd for strykyng of iiij tapers for the herst jd. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 8753. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. jv The body was taken out, and caried into the Quire, and set vnder a goodly Herce of waxe, garnished with Banners, Pencelles, & Cusshions. a1678 A. Marvell Wks. III. 510 And starrs, like tapers, burn'd upon his herse. 1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles Concl. 275 That one poor garland, twined to deck thy hair, Is hung upon thy hearse, to droop and wither there! 1849 D. Rock Church our Fathers II. vii. 495 There used to be put up in the church a ‘hearse’, which was a lofty framework of wood..with four or eight posts..and ceiled. 1896 Peacock in Andrews Church Gleanings 218 It was the custom in the case of rich families to erect one of these hearses in every church where it [the body] rested for the night. b. A permanent framework of iron or other metal, fixed over a tomb to support rich coverings or palls, often adapted to carry lighted tapers. ΘΠ the world > life > death > obsequies > monument > [noun] > over tomb > type of hearse1552 heroon1601 altar tomb1631 turbeh1687 1552 in W. Money Parish Church Goods Berks. (1879) 10 A herse of Irone. 1846 J. H. Parker Conc. Gloss. Terms Archit. 129 There is a brass frame..over the effigy of Richard, earl of Warwick, in the Beauchamp chapel at Warwick, which is called a herse in the contract for the tomb. 1851 T. H. Turner Some Acct. Domest. Archit. I. v. 242 The Sheriff of Southampton is commanded to repair the herces in the king's chapel. 1866 E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. 128 A very graceful iron hearse of this kind..in Tanfield Church. c. A temple-shaped structure of wood used in royal and noble funerals, after the earlier kind ( 2a) went out of use. It was decorated with banners, heraldic devices, and lighted candles; and it was customary for friends to pin short poems or epitaphs upon it. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > obsequies > funeral equipment > [noun] > temple-shaped framework hearsec1575 c1575 J. Hooker Life Sir P. Carew in Archaeologia (1840) 28 145 The nexte daye his herse was sett vpe, beinge made after the forme of a felde bedd, covered with blacke..garnyshed with scogeons and with yelowe pynyons full of blacke lyons. 1598 R. Barnfield Remembrance Eng. Poets ii, in Encomion Lady Pecunia sig. E2v Whose Fame is grav'd on Rosamonds blacke Herse. 1623 W. Browne Epit. C'tess Pembroke in W. Camden Remaines 340 Vnder this Marble Hearse Lyes the subiect of all Verse. 1640 tr. J. A. Comenius Janua Linguarum Reserata (new ed.) xcvii. §962 Grave-stones [toombs] and herses are reard up, and epitaphs..written on them. 1656 A. Cowley Poems i. 18 Be this my latest verse With which I now adorn his Herse. 1659 T. Pecke Parnassi Puerperium 119 Shall I to pin upon thy Herse, devise Eternal Praises; or weep Elegies? 1898 W. Andrews Church Treasury 280 The last herse used in this country was the one under which her effigy [that of Mary II] was placed. 3. A light framework of wood used to support the pall over the body at funerals. It fitted on to the parish bier, and was probably adapted to carry lighted tapers. ΘΠ the world > life > death > obsequies > funeral equipment > [noun] > light framework over coffin or bier hearse1566 1566 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 36 Item a hearse—sold to John Banton..who hathe put it to prophane use. 1896 Peacock in Andrews Church Gleanings 216 Of these hearses, not a single example is known to have come down to our time. ΘΠ the world > life > death > obsequies > funeral equipment > [noun] > pall pallc1400 mortcloth1497 hearse-cloth1522 hearse1530 pall cloth1541 bier-cloth1549 coffin-cloth1625 grave-cloth1646 death cloth1699 hearse-cover1885 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 230/2 Herce for a deed corse of silke, poille. 1581 Compendious Exam. Certayne Ordinary Complaints i. f. 4 All other Marchaundize that we buy from beyond the Sea..and all Hearses, & Tapestry. 1610 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes (ed. 2) 1200 This coffin of this great Sultan..couered with a rich hearce of cloth of gold downe to the ground. 5. A bier; a coffin; vaguely, a tomb, grave. Obsolete or archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > grave or burial-place > [noun] buriels854 througheOE burianOE graveOE lairc1000 lair-stowc1000 lich-restc1000 pitOE grass-bedOE buriness1175 earth housec1200 sepulchrec1200 tombc1300 lakec1320 buriala1325 monumenta1325 burying-place1382 resting placea1387 sepulturea1387 beda1400 earth-beda1400 longhousea1400 laystow1452 lying1480 delfa1500 worms' kitchen?a1500 bier1513 laystall1527 funeral?a1534 lay-bed1541 restall1557 cellarc1560 burying-grave1599 pit-hole1602 urn1607 cell1609 hearse1610 polyandrum1627 requietory1631 burial-place1633 mortuary1654 narrow cell1686 ground-sweat1699 sacred place1728 narrow house1792 plot1852 narrow bed1854 the world > life > death > obsequies > funeral equipment > [noun] > bier bier1387 feretoryc1400 byre1467 coffin1526 horse1597 fercule1606 hearse1610 sandapile1623 wheel-bier1898 handy1909 1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 13 One touch would rouze me from my sluggish hearse. a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) iii. ii. 163 Stand from the Hearse, stand from the Body. View more context for this quotation 1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Hearse, a buriall coffin couered with blacke. 1623 W. Lisle in tr. Ælfric Saxon Treat. Old & New Test. Ded. xxix But, wheth'r I live, or be first laid on herse. 1625 W. Lisle tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Noe in tr. Part of Du Bartas 132 As thou my cradle wert, so wilt thou be my herse. 1651 W. Davenant Gondibert i. v. (R.) When she with flowres lord Arnold's grave shall strew..She on that rival's hearse will drop a few. 1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Meleager & Atalanta in Fables 117 Ah! hadst thou dy'd, my Son, in Infant-years, Thy little Herse had been bedew'd with Tears. 1849 H. W. Longfellow Blind Girl iii Decked with flowers a simple hearse To the churchyard forth they bear. Π 1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Nov. 60 O heauie herse [gloss. Herse, is the solemne obsequie in funeralles]. 1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Nov. 70 The earth now lacks her wonted light, And all we dwell in deadly night, O heauie herse. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > dead body > [noun] lichc893 dust?a1000 holdc1000 bonesOE stiff onea1200 bodyc1225 carrion?c1225 licham?c1225 worms' food or ware?c1225 corsec1250 ashc1275 corpsec1315 carcass1340 murraina1382 relicsa1398 ghostc1400 wormes warec1400 corpusc1440 scadc1440 reliefc1449 martc1480 cadaverc1500 mortc1500 tramort?a1513 hearse1530 bulk1575 offal1581 trunk1594 cadaverie1600 relicts1607 remains1610 mummya1616 relic1636 cold meat1788 mortality1827 death bone1834 deader1853 stiff1859 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 230/2 Herce, a deed body, corps. 1609 T. Heywood Troia Britanica iii. lxxxvi. 72 Bold Archas pierses Thrugh the mid-hoast and strewes the way with herses. 1633 T. May Reigne Henry II v. 775 Her hearse at Godstow Abbey they enterre. 8. a. A carriage or car constructed for carrying the coffin at a funeral. (The current use.) ΘΠ the world > life > death > obsequies > funeral equipment > [noun] > hearse hearse1650 mourning carriage1710 meat wagon1934 society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > other vehicles according to specific use > [noun] > funeral vehicles > hearse hearse1650 mourning carriage1710 meat wagon1934 1650 N. Ward Discolliminium 2 It is hung about with as many..trappings, as Coll. Rainsboroughs Herse and horse were at his fine Funerals. 1672 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 245 Thomas Moor hath a hearse..for the carrying of dead corps to any part of England. 1706 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. 4 Dec. He was very decently interr'd, being carried in a Hearse, and the Company in Mourning Coaches. 1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 27 They saw Herses, and Coffins. 1850 J. W. Carlyle Lett. II. 128 A hearse too, with plenty of plumes, and many black coaches. 1881 W. Besant & J. Rice Chaplain of Fleet I. xiv. 294 A hearse..stopped before our door. b. transferred. A vehicle for carrying pianofortes. Π 1812 S. T. Coleridge Lett. II. 584 Musical Instrument Manufacturers, whose grand pianoforte hearses he [a horse] now draws in the streets of London. Compounds C1. hearse-cloth n. hearse-driver n. Π 1829 G. Griffin Collegians III. xxxiii. 60 ‘'Twill be a great funeral,’ said the hearse-driver. 1841 J. S. Buckingham Amer. II. 322 The Whig authorities of New-Haven, have removed Mr. Willoughby..from the place of hearse~driver, and appointed another person in his place. 1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick xcix. 482 The old hearse-driver, he must have been. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xv. [Circe] 562 Sober hearsedrivers a speciality. hearse-light n. (See 1, 2.) Π 1555 in J. Nichols Illustr. Antient Times Eng. (1797) 141 For making the herse lyghtes. 1566 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 127 The sepulcre and herse lightes wt all the bookes of papistrie rent and burned. hearse-man n. Π 1893 J. W. Barry Stud. in Corsica 170 It [the corpse] is..abandoned to the hearseman. hearse-plume n. (In sense 8.) Π 1848 E. Cook Lines among Leaves viii. 3 Like hearse-plume waved about. C2. hearse-cover n. a pall. ΘΠ the world > life > death > obsequies > funeral equipment > [noun] > pall pallc1400 mortcloth1497 hearse-cloth1522 hearse1530 pall cloth1541 bier-cloth1549 coffin-cloth1625 grave-cloth1646 death cloth1699 hearse-cover1885 1885 R. W. Dixon Hist. Church Eng. III. 451 Three hearse-covers..eight stall-cloths. hearse-house n. a dead-house; a building in which a hearse is kept. ΘΠ the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > preparation or treatment of corpse > [noun] > mortuary lich-housec1200 coffin-house1611 dead-house1812 dead-room1835 funeral house1850 mortuary1864 hearse-house1870 slumber room1936 1870 F. R. Wilson Archit. Surv. Churches Lindisfarne 101 A vestry, with a hearse-house beyond it..has been built in modern times. 1895 Pryce Burden of Woman 91 The hearse-house or dead-house of the church (the lowest room of a tower where in old days the bodies of strangers who had lost their way and perished were placed for possible identification pending burial). hearse-like adj. like a hearse; mournful. Π 1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 23 If you Listen to Davids Harpe, you shall heare as many Herselike Ayres, as Carols. 1845 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 303 It steals Hearselike and thieflike round the universe. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). hearsev. 1. Thesaurus » a. transitive. To lay (a corpse) on a bier or in a coffin; to bury with funeral rites and ceremonies. b. (in later use) To carry to the grave in a hearse. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > obsequies > [verb (transitive)] > carry corpse > in hearse hearse1854 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iii. i. 83 Would she were hearst at my foote, and the ducats in her coffin. View more context for this quotation 1606 No-body & Some-body sig. E4v We will forbeare our spleene..till you have hearsd Your husbands bones. ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xviii. 199 Then the Grecians spritefully drew from the darts the corse, And hears'd it, bearing it to fleet, his friends with all remorse Marching about it. 1827 R. Pollok Course of Time II. vii. 67 Richly hearsed, With gloomy garniture of purchased wo. 1854 Gilfillan Life Blair in Beattie's, Blair's, etc. Wks. 126 He lashes the proud wicked man whom he sees pompously hearsed into Hell. 1859 R. C. Singleton tr. Virgil Aeneid vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. II. 81 In his own resting place consign him first, And hearse him in the grave. c. To enclose or contain as in a bier or tomb; to entomb. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > confinement > confine [verb (transitive)] beloukOE loukOE sparc1175 pena1200 bepen?c1225 pind?c1225 prison?c1225 spearc1300 stopc1315 restraina1325 aclosec1350 forbara1375 reclosea1382 ward1390 enclose1393 locka1400 reclusea1400 pinc1400 sparc1430 hamperc1440 umbecastc1440 murea1450 penda1450 mew?c1450 to shut inc1460 encharter1484 to shut up1490 bara1500 hedge1549 hema1552 impound1562 strain1566 chamber1568 to lock up1568 coop1570 incarcerate1575 cage1577 mew1581 kennel1582 coop1583 encagea1586 pound1589 imprisonc1595 encloister1596 button1598 immure1598 seclude1598 uplock1600 stow1602 confine1603 jail1604 hearse1608 bail1609 hasp1620 cub1621 secure1621 incarcera1653 fasten1658 to keep up1673 nun1753 mope1765 quarantine1804 peg1824 penfold1851 encoop1867 oubliette1884 jigger1887 corral1890 maroon1904 to bang up1950 to lock down1971 the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > bury or entomb [verb (transitive)] > said of the earth or tomb tomba1586 wrap1602 sepulchre1608 inhume1621 intera1631 hearse1796 1608 J. Day Humour out of Breath sig. E2 Please you suruey the Cell, go in and see, I'me hearst, and none but sorrowe lies with me. 1763 C. Churchill Epist. to W. Hogarth 22 Worth may be hears'd, but Envy cannot die. 1796 W. Taylor in Monthly Mag. 2 489 Shall marble hearse them all? 1819 J. H. Wiffen Aonian Hours (1820) 160 Murmurs deep, not loud, Swelled in the gale when earth thy relics hearsed. 2. figurative. To furnish with something hearse-like. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)] > surround with begirdc890 belayc893 bitrumc1000 umbegoc1300 vironc1440 compass1481 beset1578 entour1623 to fabricate about with1634 surround1635 hearse1646 gird1667 round1698 entwine1796 1646 R. Crashaw Sospetto d'Herode xliv, in Steps to Temple 65 The house is hers'd about with a black wood, Which nods with many a heavy headed tree. 1864 H. W. Longfellow Hawthorne vi The hill-top hearsed with pines. Derivatives hearsed adj. placed on, in, or under a hearse. ΚΠ 1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. iv. 28 Say why thy canonizd bones hearsed in death Haue burst their ceremonies. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < |
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