hermitn.

Brit.

/ˈhəːmɪt/, U.S.

/ˈhərmət/

Forms: α. Middle English armite, Middle English ermyt(e, Middle English–1500s armyte, armet, Middle English–1600s ermite, 1600s ermit. β. Middle English–1500s hermyte, Middle English–1700s hermite, (Middle English hermett), 1500s– hermit. γ. Middle English–1600s heremite, Middle English heremyt(e, 1500s Scottish heremeit, 1500s–1600s heremit. See also eremite n.

Etymology: Middle English hermite , ermite , < Old French (h)ermite, Latin erēmīta (medieval Latin also herēmīta ), < Greek ἐρημίτης , < ἐρημία desert. Beside the forms immediately from French, Middle English had heremite after medieval Latin; modern English has also eremite n.

a. One who from religious motives has retired into solitary life; esp. one of the early Christian recluses. See eremite n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > anchorite > [noun]

anchorOE

eremitec1200

recluse?c1225

hermitc1275

solitary1435

anchoritea1450

inclusec1460

anchorist1581

cremitt1624

mandrite1844

saint1888

α.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9382 Sone þe armite [c1300 Otho heremite] com in.

c1300 St. Brandan 610 The ermite that was so old aȝen hem com gon.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 8135 An armyte [Vesp. heremite, Fairf. ermyte] þar þai fand at hame In þat montayn, was halt and lame.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 141/2 Ermyte..heremita.

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 704 Into that yle..Ane halie armet duelland war tha dais.

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. i. ii. 60 S. Hierome in the life of Paul the Ermite tells a story.

a1667 Bp. J. Taylor Rule of Holy Dying (1680) i. §3. 21 To be spent in the cottage of a frugal person, or to feed an Eremite [1651 Hermit].

β. 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. Prol. 3 In Habite of an Hermite [B. Heremite, C. Ermite] vn-holy of werkes.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 17900 [A] man come þan widuten lite, þat semed wele haue bene hermite [Trin. Cambr. eremite, Vesp. eremyte; c1460 Laud Ermyte].c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) vii. 24 A haly hermit mette..a beste forschapen.1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. v. 22 The other gaf it [their tresour] away and..wente as hermytes.1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. iii. 240 A witherd Hermight fiuescore winters worne, Might shake off fiftie, looking in her eye. a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 78 Hermits retiring hither for Penance and Mortification.1847 R. W. Emerson Goethe in Wks. (1906) I. 384 There is much to be said by the hermit or monk in defence of his life of thought and prayer.γ. c1275 Laȝamon Brut 18804 Þan heremite he iseh come.c1480 (a1400) St. Mary Magdalen 811 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 279 A preste..þat fled þe warld as heremyt.1497 J. Alcock Mons Perfeccionis (de Worde) D iij b An heremyte cam to saynt Anthony.a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 274 O ȝe heremytis and ankirsadillis, That takkis ȝour pennance at ȝour tabllis.1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. ii. 154 The rule of heremites, the professors..whereof inhabite woods and solitarie places.

b. transferred. A person living in solitude.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > retirement or seclusion > [noun] > person

anchorite?1614

solitarian1655

retirer1678

solitaire1716

recluse1751

solitarya1763

hermit1799

troglodyte1854

umbratile1888

cop-out1969

1799 T. Campbell Pleasures of Hope & Other Poems ii. 38 The world was sad..And man, the hermit, sigh'd—till woman smiled.

1838 R. W. Emerson Oration before Lit. Societies 20 The poets who have lived in cities have been hermits still.

1849 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1866) 1st Ser. viii. 138 A solitary man who..led a hermit's life..for hermit..he was.

2. In senses immediately derived from 1.

a. In the formal designation of certain monastic orders: e.g. Hermits of St. Augustine: see eremite n. 2.

ΚΠ

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 926/1 At Padua in the church of the heremites of saint Augustine.

1706 tr. L. E. Du Pin New Eccl. Hist. 16th Cent. II. iv. xi. 449 The Augustinians produced one [new branch] that of the Hermites of St. Augustin.

b. A quasi-religious mendicant; a vagabond; in Gypsy slang, a highwayman.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > travel from place to place > [noun] > without fixed aim or wandering > vagrancy or vagabondage > vagabond or tramp

harlot?c1225

raikera1400

vacabond1404

vagrant1444

gangrela1450

briber?c1475

palliard1484

vagabondc1485

rogue1489

wavenger1493

hermit1495

gaberlunzie1508

knight of the field1508

loiterer1530

straggler1530

runagate1534

ruffler1535

hedge-creeper1548

Abraham man1567

cursitor1567

runner1567

walker1567

tinker1575

traveller1598

Tartar1602

stravagant1606

wagand1614

Circumcellion1623

meechera1625

hedge-bird1631

gaberlunzie man1649

tramp1664

stroller1681

jockey1685

bird of passage1717

randy1724

tramper1760

stalko1804

vagabondager1813

rintherout1814

piker1838

pikey1838

beachcomber1840

roadster1851

vagabondizer1860

roustabout1862

bum1864

migratory1866

potter1867

sundowner1868

vag1868

walkabout1872

transient1877

Murrumbidgee whaler1878

rouster1882

run-the-hedge1882

whaler1883

shaughraun1884

heather-cat1886

hobo1889

tussocker1889

gay cat1893

overlander1898

stake-man1899

stiff1899

bindle-stiff1900

dingbat1902

stew-bum1902

tired Tim (also Timothy)1906

skipper1925

Strandlooper1927

knight of the road1928

hobohemian1936

plain turkey1955

scrub turkey1955

derro1963

jakey1988

crusty1990

1495 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 2 §3 Every vagabounde heremyte or begger able to labre.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 106 Peter Wakefielde..an Hermite, an idle gadder about, and a pratlyng marchant.

1843 H. W. Longfellow Spanish Student iii. v. 146 And you, by the pole with the hermit's head upon it.

†c. A beadsman. Also figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > prayer > [noun] > one who performs > paid

beadsmanc1540

hermita1616

a1616 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus (1623) iii. ii. 41 As perfect As begging Hermits in their holy prayers.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) i. vi. 20 For those [honours] of old, and the late Dignities, Heap'd vp to them, we rest your Ermites.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 190/2 Begging Heremits first began to propagate here in England.

3. Applied to various animals of solitary habits, as the hermit-crab, the hermit-bird; see Compounds 2. In Australia and New Zealand spec. of a sheep; also hermit sheep.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > by habits or actions > [noun] > solitary animal

hermit1661

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > subclass Malacostraca > division Thoracostraca > order Decapoda > suborder Macrura > member of family Paguridae of Anomura

hermit-fish1605

hermit1661

soldier1666

soldier-crab1668

wrong-heir1730

hermit-crab1736

pagurian1840

hermit-lobster1850

pirate1857

paguroid1879

Jack-in-the-box1889

pagurid1893

pagurine1899

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > defined by habits or actions

hermit1874

placer1921

1661 I. Walton Compl. Angler (ed. 3) i. 33 There is a fish called a Hermit, that at a certain age gets into a dead fishes shell, and like a Hermite dwells there alone.

1674 N. Cox Gentleman's Recreation iv. 230 The Hermit is a fish that..will..dwell secluded from all company.

1862 J. G. Wood Illustr. Nat. Hist. (new ed.) II. 239 All the Hermits build a very curious and beautiful nest.

1862 J. G. Wood Illustr. Nat. Hist. (1865) III. 603 If two Hermits be removed from their houses, and put into a rock pool..the combats which take place..are as fierce and determined as any.

1874 A. Bathgate Colonial Experiences xv. 212 A sheep which has been badly tutued and recovers, loses its gregarious habits, and becomes what the shepherds call a ‘hermit’.

1917 E. Glen Six Little N. Zealanders vii. 95 They brought in a ‘hermit’ sheep which lived by itself, and had been overlooked in the last muster.

1933 L. G. D. Acland in Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) 28 Oct. 15/7 Hermit, a single sheep which for some reason takes to living by himself, away from the mob.

1966 G. W. Turner Eng. Lang. in Austral. & N.Z. viii. 165 Sheep that recovered [from eating tutu] sometimes became hermit sheep, losing their gregarious habits.

Compounds

C1.

a. General attributive, as hermit-seat; hermit-fancied, hermit-haunted adjs.

ΚΠ

c1500 Melusine (1895) lvii. 336 He dide doo make many hermyte habytes.

1709 I. Watts Horæ Lyricæ (ed. 2) ii. 252 Sylvia..Flys to the Woods; a Hermit-Saint!

1727 J. Thomson Summer 10 Come, Inspiration! from thy Hermit-Seat, By Mortal seldom found.

1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 107 Near many a hermit-fancy'd cove.

1852 N. Hawthorne Blithedale Romance xxiv. 239 Within which lurked the hermit-frog.

hermit-like adj. and adv. like a hermit.

ΚΠ

a1800 W. Cowper Snail Hermit-like, his life he leads.

1878 R. Simpson tr. Prodigal Son iv, in R. Simpson School of Shakspere II. 109 Many other hermitlike fools.

C2. In names of various animals of solitary habits.

hermit-bird n. (a) a hummingbird of genus Phaëthornis; (b) a South American Halcyonide bird of genus Monasa, a nun-bird.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Apodiformes > [noun] > family Trochilidae (humming-bird) > unspecified and miscellaneous types of

zumbador1758

sunbeam1769

black warrior1831

hermit-bird1837

Anna's hummingbird1839

jacobin1843

straight-tail1843

vervain hummingbird1847

wedge-bill1848

fiery topaz1854

sungem1856

wood-star1859

calliope1861

rainbow1861

sabre-wing1861

sawbill1861

swallowtail1861

sword-bill1861

thorn-bill1861

visor-bearer1861

warrior1861

wood-nymph1861

puffleg1869

calliope hummingbird1872

flame-bearer1882

shear-tail1885

plature1890

rainbow starfrontlet1966

the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Piciformes > [noun] > family Bucconidae (puff-bird) > genus Monasa (nun-bird)

hermit-bird1837

nunbird1881

nun1890

1837 W. Swainson On Nat. Hist. & Classif. Birds II. 154 The hermit birds..frequently rise up perpendicularly in the air, make a swoop, and return again to their former station.

hermit-crab n.

ΘΚΠ

hermit-fish1605

hermit1661

soldier1666

soldier-crab1668

wrong-heir1730

hermit-crab1736

pagurian1840

hermit-lobster1850

pirate1857

paguroid1879

Jack-in-the-box1889

pagurid1893

pagurine1899

1736 Dr. Mortimer in Philos. Trans. 1735–6 (Royal Soc.) 39 115 The Hermit-Crabs are generally found in great Plenty under these Trees.

1863 J. G. Wood Illustr. Nat. Hist. (new ed.) III. 603 Like all its race, the Hermit-crab inhabits the shell of some mollusc.

hermit-crow n. a name of the chough.

† hermit-fish n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

hermit-fish1605

hermit1661

soldier1666

soldier-crab1668

wrong-heir1730

hermit-crab1736

pagurian1840

hermit-lobster1850

pirate1857

paguroid1879

Jack-in-the-box1889

pagurid1893

pagurine1899

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. v. 158 The Hermite-Fish..that builds him a Defence 'Gainst Weathers rigour and Warres insolence.

hermit-lobster n. a crab of the family Paguridæ which has the habit of taking up its abode in a cast-off molluscan shell for the sake of protecting its soft shell-less hinder parts.

ΘΚΠ

hermit-fish1605

hermit1661

soldier1666

soldier-crab1668

wrong-heir1730

hermit-crab1736

pagurian1840

hermit-lobster1850

pirate1857

paguroid1879

Jack-in-the-box1889

pagurid1893

pagurine1899

1850 G. Johnston Introd. Conchol. 81 The other tribe are the soldier or hermit lobsters (Paguri).

hermit moth n.

ΚΠ

1840 W. Swainson & W. E. Shuckard Hist. Insects 106 Hermit moths..extraordinary moths hitherto found only in New Holland.

hermit-thrush n. a migratory thrush, Turdus solitarius, common in most parts of North America, and celebrated for its song.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Turdinae > [noun] > catharus guttatus (hermit-thrush) > catharus guttatus (hermit-thrush)

hermit-thrush1831

swamp-angel1858

1831 W. Swainson in Fauna Bor. Amer. II. 185 The food of the Hermit Thrush consists chiefly of berries.

1884 E. P. Roe Nature's Serial Story vii The chief musician of the American forests, the hermit-thrush.

hermit-warbler n. the western warbler, Dendrœca occidentalis, of the Pacific slope of North America.

Derivatives

ˈhermit v. (intransitive) to live as a hermit.

ΚΠ

1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 82 When, with vs hermiting in lowe degree, He wash't his flocks in Iordans spotles tide.

ˈhermitize v. = hermit vb.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > retirement or seclusion > seek seclusion [verb (intransitive)] > live in seclusion

lurkc1300

hermitize1825

1825 W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 286 He starved and hermitized at Hessleborough.

1844 W. H. Maxwell Wanderings in Highlands & Islands I. xii. 223 On this isolated..isle, the..Duke was left to hermitize.

ˈhermitism n.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > retirement or seclusion > [noun] > person > condition of

eremitage1582

hermitage1582

eremiteshipa1603

reclusiveness1644

hermitship1825

hermitry1882

hermitism1896

hermithood1915

1896 Daily News 25 Apr. 5/1 ‘Hermitism’ is rule of life for the middle-aged in India.

ˈhermitry n. the mode of life of a hermit.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > retirement or seclusion > [noun] > person > condition of

eremitage1582

hermitage1582

eremiteshipa1603

reclusiveness1644

hermitship1825

hermitry1882

hermitism1896

hermithood1915

1882 H. C. Merivale Faucit of Balliol ii. vi Hermitry must be such a bore if persevered in, the essence of life being variety.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hermit
释义	hermitn. Brit. /ˈhəːmɪt/, U.S. /ˈhərmət/ Forms: α. Middle English armite, Middle English ermyt(e, Middle English–1500s armyte, armet, Middle English–1600s ermite, 1600s ermit. β. Middle English–1500s hermyte, Middle English–1700s hermite, (Middle English hermett), 1500s– hermit. γ. Middle English–1600s heremite, Middle English heremyt(e, 1500s Scottish heremeit, 1500s–1600s heremit. See also eremite n. Etymology: Middle English hermite , ermite , < Old French (h)ermite, Latin erēmīta (medieval Latin also herēmīta ), < Greek ἐρημίτης , < ἐρημία desert. Beside the forms immediately from French, Middle English had heremite after medieval Latin; modern English has also eremite n. 1. a. One who from religious motives has retired into solitary life; esp. one of the early Christian recluses. See eremite n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > anchorite > [noun] anchorOE eremitec1200 recluse?c1225 hermitc1275 solitary1435 anchoritea1450 inclusec1460 anchorist1581 cremitt1624 mandrite1844 saint1888 α. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9382 Sone þe armite [c1300 Otho heremite] com in. c1300 St. Brandan 610 The ermite that was so old aȝen hem com gon. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 8135 An armyte [Vesp. heremite, Fairf. ermyte] þar þai fand at hame In þat montayn, was halt and lame. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 141/2 Ermyte..heremita. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 704 Into that yle..Ane halie armet duelland war tha dais. 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. i. ii. 60 S. Hierome in the life of Paul the Ermite tells a story. a1667 Bp. J. Taylor Rule of Holy Dying (1680) i. §3. 21 To be spent in the cottage of a frugal person, or to feed an Eremite [1651 Hermit]. β. 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. Prol. 3 In Habite of an Hermite [B. Heremite, C. Ermite] vn-holy of werkes.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 17900 [A] man come þan widuten lite, þat semed wele haue bene hermite [Trin. Cambr. eremite, Vesp. eremyte; c1460 Laud Ermyte].c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) vii. 24 A haly hermit mette..a beste forschapen.1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. v. 22 The other gaf it [their tresour] away and..wente as hermytes.1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. iii. 240 A witherd Hermight fiuescore winters worne, Might shake off fiftie, looking in her eye. View more context for this quotationa1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 78 Hermits retiring hither for Penance and Mortification.1847 R. W. Emerson Goethe in Wks. (1906) I. 384 There is much to be said by the hermit or monk in defence of his life of thought and prayer.γ. c1275 Laȝamon Brut 18804 Þan heremite he iseh come.c1480 (a1400) St. Mary Magdalen 811 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 279 A preste..þat fled þe warld as heremyt.1497 J. Alcock Mons Perfeccionis (de Worde) D iij b An heremyte cam to saynt Anthony.a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 274 O ȝe heremytis and ankirsadillis, That takkis ȝour pennance at ȝour tabllis.1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. ii. 154 The rule of heremites, the professors..whereof inhabite woods and solitarie places. b. transferred. A person living in solitude. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > retirement or seclusion > [noun] > person anchorite?1614 solitarian1655 retirer1678 solitaire1716 recluse1751 solitarya1763 hermit1799 troglodyte1854 umbratile1888 cop-out1969 1799 T. Campbell Pleasures of Hope & Other Poems ii. 38 The world was sad..And man, the hermit, sigh'd—till woman smiled. 1838 R. W. Emerson Oration before Lit. Societies 20 The poets who have lived in cities have been hermits still. 1849 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1866) 1st Ser. viii. 138 A solitary man who..led a hermit's life..for hermit..he was. 2. In senses immediately derived from 1. a. In the formal designation of certain monastic orders: e.g. Hermits of St. Augustine: see eremite n. 2. ΚΠ 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 926/1 At Padua in the church of the heremites of saint Augustine. 1706 tr. L. E. Du Pin New Eccl. Hist. 16th Cent. II. iv. xi. 449 The Augustinians produced one [new branch] that of the Hermites of St. Augustin. b. A quasi-religious mendicant; a vagabond; in Gypsy slang, a highwayman. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > travel from place to place > [noun] > without fixed aim or wandering > vagrancy or vagabondage > vagabond or tramp harlot?c1225 raikera1400 vacabond1404 vagrant1444 gangrela1450 briber?c1475 palliard1484 vagabondc1485 rogue1489 wavenger1493 hermit1495 gaberlunzie1508 knight of the field1508 loiterer1530 straggler1530 runagate1534 ruffler1535 hedge-creeper1548 Abraham man1567 cursitor1567 runner1567 walker1567 tinker1575 traveller1598 Tartar1602 stravagant1606 wagand1614 Circumcellion1623 meechera1625 hedge-bird1631 gaberlunzie man1649 tramp1664 stroller1681 jockey1685 bird of passage1717 randy1724 tramper1760 stalko1804 vagabondager1813 rintherout1814 piker1838 pikey1838 beachcomber1840 roadster1851 vagabondizer1860 roustabout1862 bum1864 migratory1866 potter1867 sundowner1868 vag1868 walkabout1872 transient1877 Murrumbidgee whaler1878 rouster1882 run-the-hedge1882 whaler1883 shaughraun1884 heather-cat1886 hobo1889 tussocker1889 gay cat1893 overlander1898 stake-man1899 stiff1899 bindle-stiff1900 dingbat1902 stew-bum1902 tired Tim (also Timothy)1906 skipper1925 Strandlooper1927 knight of the road1928 hobohemian1936 plain turkey1955 scrub turkey1955 derro1963 jakey1988 crusty1990 1495 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 2 §3 Every vagabounde heremyte or begger able to labre. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 106 Peter Wakefielde..an Hermite, an idle gadder about, and a pratlyng marchant. 1843 H. W. Longfellow Spanish Student iii. v. 146 And you, by the pole with the hermit's head upon it. †c. A beadsman. Also figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > prayer > [noun] > one who performs > paid beadsmanc1540 hermita1616 a1616 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus (1623) iii. ii. 41 As perfect As begging Hermits in their holy prayers. a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) i. vi. 20 For those [honours] of old, and the late Dignities, Heap'd vp to them, we rest your Ermites. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 190/2 Begging Heremits first began to propagate here in England. 3. Applied to various animals of solitary habits, as the hermit-crab, the hermit-bird; see Compounds 2. In Australia and New Zealand spec. of a sheep; also hermit sheep. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > by habits or actions > [noun] > solitary animal hermit1661 the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > subclass Malacostraca > division Thoracostraca > order Decapoda > suborder Macrura > member of family Paguridae of Anomura hermit-fish1605 hermit1661 soldier1666 soldier-crab1668 wrong-heir1730 hermit-crab1736 pagurian1840 hermit-lobster1850 pirate1857 paguroid1879 Jack-in-the-box1889 pagurid1893 pagurine1899 the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > defined by habits or actions hermit1874 placer1921 1661 I. Walton Compl. Angler (ed. 3) i. 33 There is a fish called a Hermit, that at a certain age gets into a dead fishes shell, and like a Hermite dwells there alone. 1674 N. Cox Gentleman's Recreation iv. 230 The Hermit is a fish that..will..dwell secluded from all company. 1862 J. G. Wood Illustr. Nat. Hist. (new ed.) II. 239 All the Hermits build a very curious and beautiful nest. 1862 J. G. Wood Illustr. Nat. Hist. (1865) III. 603 If two Hermits be removed from their houses, and put into a rock pool..the combats which take place..are as fierce and determined as any. 1874 A. Bathgate Colonial Experiences xv. 212 A sheep which has been badly tutued and recovers, loses its gregarious habits, and becomes what the shepherds call a ‘hermit’. 1917 E. Glen Six Little N. Zealanders vii. 95 They brought in a ‘hermit’ sheep which lived by itself, and had been overlooked in the last muster. 1933 L. G. D. Acland in Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) 28 Oct. 15/7 Hermit, a single sheep which for some reason takes to living by himself, away from the mob. 1966 G. W. Turner Eng. Lang. in Austral. & N.Z. viii. 165 Sheep that recovered [from eating tutu] sometimes became hermit sheep, losing their gregarious habits. Compounds C1. a. General attributive, as hermit-seat; hermit-fancied, hermit-haunted adjs. ΚΠ c1500 Melusine (1895) lvii. 336 He dide doo make many hermyte habytes. 1709 I. Watts Horæ Lyricæ (ed. 2) ii. 252 Sylvia..Flys to the Woods; a Hermit-Saint! 1727 J. Thomson Summer 10 Come, Inspiration! from thy Hermit-Seat, By Mortal seldom found. 1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 107 Near many a hermit-fancy'd cove. 1852 N. Hawthorne Blithedale Romance xxiv. 239 Within which lurked the hermit-frog. b. hermit-like adj. and adv. like a hermit. ΚΠ a1800 W. Cowper Snail Hermit-like, his life he leads. 1878 R. Simpson tr. Prodigal Son iv, in R. Simpson School of Shakspere II. 109 Many other hermitlike fools. C2. In names of various animals of solitary habits. hermit-bird n. (a) a hummingbird of genus Phaëthornis; (b) a South American Halcyonide bird of genus Monasa, a nun-bird. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Apodiformes > [noun] > family Trochilidae (humming-bird) > unspecified and miscellaneous types of zumbador1758 sunbeam1769 black warrior1831 hermit-bird1837 Anna's hummingbird1839 jacobin1843 straight-tail1843 vervain hummingbird1847 wedge-bill1848 fiery topaz1854 sungem1856 wood-star1859 calliope1861 rainbow1861 sabre-wing1861 sawbill1861 swallowtail1861 sword-bill1861 thorn-bill1861 visor-bearer1861 warrior1861 wood-nymph1861 puffleg1869 calliope hummingbird1872 flame-bearer1882 shear-tail1885 plature1890 rainbow starfrontlet1966 the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Piciformes > [noun] > family Bucconidae (puff-bird) > genus Monasa (nun-bird) hermit-bird1837 nunbird1881 nun1890 1837 W. Swainson On Nat. Hist. & Classif. Birds II. 154 The hermit birds..frequently rise up perpendicularly in the air, make a swoop, and return again to their former station. hermit-crab n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > subclass Malacostraca > division Thoracostraca > order Decapoda > suborder Macrura > member of family Paguridae of Anomura hermit-fish1605 hermit1661 soldier1666 soldier-crab1668 wrong-heir1730 hermit-crab1736 pagurian1840 hermit-lobster1850 pirate1857 paguroid1879 Jack-in-the-box1889 pagurid1893 pagurine1899 1736 Dr. Mortimer in Philos. Trans. 1735–6 (Royal Soc.) 39 115 The Hermit-Crabs are generally found in great Plenty under these Trees. 1863 J. G. Wood Illustr. Nat. Hist. (new ed.) III. 603 Like all its race, the Hermit-crab inhabits the shell of some mollusc. hermit-crow n. a name of the chough. † hermit-fish n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > subclass Malacostraca > division Thoracostraca > order Decapoda > suborder Macrura > member of family Paguridae of Anomura hermit-fish1605 hermit1661 soldier1666 soldier-crab1668 wrong-heir1730 hermit-crab1736 pagurian1840 hermit-lobster1850 pirate1857 paguroid1879 Jack-in-the-box1889 pagurid1893 pagurine1899 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. v. 158 The Hermite-Fish..that builds him a Defence 'Gainst Weathers rigour and Warres insolence. hermit-lobster n. a crab of the family Paguridæ which has the habit of taking up its abode in a cast-off molluscan shell for the sake of protecting its soft shell-less hinder parts. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > subclass Malacostraca > division Thoracostraca > order Decapoda > suborder Macrura > member of family Paguridae of Anomura hermit-fish1605 hermit1661 soldier1666 soldier-crab1668 wrong-heir1730 hermit-crab1736 pagurian1840 hermit-lobster1850 pirate1857 paguroid1879 Jack-in-the-box1889 pagurid1893 pagurine1899 1850 G. Johnston Introd. Conchol. 81 The other tribe are the soldier or hermit lobsters (Paguri). hermit moth n. ΚΠ 1840 W. Swainson & W. E. Shuckard Hist. Insects 106 Hermit moths..extraordinary moths hitherto found only in New Holland. hermit-thrush n. a migratory thrush, Turdus solitarius, common in most parts of North America, and celebrated for its song. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Turdinae > [noun] > catharus guttatus (hermit-thrush) > catharus guttatus (hermit-thrush) hermit-thrush1831 swamp-angel1858 1831 W. Swainson in Fauna Bor. Amer. II. 185 The food of the Hermit Thrush consists chiefly of berries. 1884 E. P. Roe Nature's Serial Story vii The chief musician of the American forests, the hermit-thrush. hermit-warbler n. the western warbler, Dendrœca occidentalis, of the Pacific slope of North America. Derivatives ˈhermit v. (intransitive) to live as a hermit. ΚΠ 1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 82 When, with vs hermiting in lowe degree, He wash't his flocks in Iordans spotles tide. ˈhermitize v. = hermit vb. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > retirement or seclusion > seek seclusion [verb (intransitive)] > live in seclusion lurkc1300 hermitize1825 1825 W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 286 He starved and hermitized at Hessleborough. 1844 W. H. Maxwell Wanderings in Highlands & Islands I. xii. 223 On this isolated..isle, the..Duke was left to hermitize. ˈhermitism n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > retirement or seclusion > [noun] > person > condition of eremitage1582 hermitage1582 eremiteshipa1603 reclusiveness1644 hermitship1825 hermitry1882 hermitism1896 hermithood1915 1896 Daily News 25 Apr. 5/1 ‘Hermitism’ is rule of life for the middle-aged in India. ˈhermitry n. the mode of life of a hermit. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > retirement or seclusion > [noun] > person > condition of eremitage1582 hermitage1582 eremiteshipa1603 reclusiveness1644 hermitship1825 hermitry1882 hermitism1896 hermithood1915 1882 H. C. Merivale Faucit of Balliol ii. vi Hermitry must be such a bore if persevered in, the essence of life being variety. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1275
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