† hockn.1
/hɒk/, U.S. /hɑk/ A general name for various malvaceous plants, esp. the Common and Marsh Mallow and the Hollyhock. Obsolete (except in hollyhock n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Malvaceae (mallows and allies) > [noun]
hockc725
malloweOE
crisp mallowa1300
altheaa1398
mawa1400
maula1425
alceac1440
malva1527
vervain mallow1548
cut mallow1565
dwarf mallow1578
curled mallow1620
musk1728
Sida1753
curled-leaved mallow1754
marshmallow1814
round dock1825
mallow wort1845
crisped-leaved mallow1846
Modiola1856
velvet-leaf1856
fairy cheeses1869
pancakes1882
frog cheese1886
musk plant1898
c725 Corpus Gloss. 1288 Malva, hocc, cottuc, vel gearwan leaf.
c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 330 Hocces leaf wyl on ealoþ.
a1300 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 559/3 Malua,..hoc.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum xvii. cvii. (Tollem. MS.) Malua, þe hocke is a nesche herbe.
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. xxiii. 581 Flowers..in figure lyke to the common Mallowe or Hocke.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Rose d'outre mer, the garden Mallow, called Hocks, and Holyhocks.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
hockn.2
/hɒk/, U.S. /hɑk/ 1. The joint in the hinder leg of a quadruped between the true knee and the fetlock, the angle of which points backward.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > body and limbs > [noun] > limb > fore limb or leg > hock
houghc1400
hock1540
huckle1607
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [noun] > leg > hock
cambrel?1523
hock1540
gambrel1601
gamble1703
chambrel1704
1540 Accts. St. John's Hosp., Canterbury (Canterbury Cathedral Archives: CCA-U13/4) For tar to ye cowse fote & mendyng a hocke jd.
c1720 W. Gibson Farriers New Guide i. vi. 112 The Bones of the Hock are in Number the same with those in the Knee.
1854 R. Owen Struct. Skeleton & Teeth in Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature I. 234 The heel-bone, ‘calcaneum’,..forms what is called the ‘hock’.
1897 E. Wood Achievem. Cavalry v. 92 Your horses cannot charge in mud up to their hocks.
2. The knuckle end of a gammon of bacon, the hock-end.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > pork > [noun] > bacon > cuts or parts
bandc1394
bacon-flitch1462
flickle1546
rasher1584
gammon1633
flitchen1658
hock1706
middle1859
shoulder-piece1888
corner1891
lachsschinken1901
eye1904
pea meal1933
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Hock, the small end of a Gammon of Bacon.
1815 Sporting Mag. 46 13 A nice hock of ham which I made John leave for you.
Compounds
attributive and in other combinations, as hock action, hock-bone, hock-end, hock-joint, etc.; hock-deep adj.
ΚΠ
1641 W. Prynne Antipathie 2 Odo apprehends her the second time, and cuts off her sinewes at the hock bone.
1865 H. H. Dixon Field & Fern: South i. 7 Sir Walter had forgotten none of his beautiful hock action.
1868 ‘Ouida’ Tricotrin (1877) I. 75 The horses of the wagon..stood..hock-deep in grass and rushes.
1874 M. A. Ward Outl. Zool. 42 The hock-joint, containing six bones, viz., astragalus, os calcis, cuboid, and three cuneiform, corresponds to our ankle-joint.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
† hockn.3
Obsolete. rare.
A caterpillar.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Lepidoptera or butterflies and moths > [noun] > larva
malshaveOE
eruke1382
Bruchusa1398
mallyshaga1398
hockc1420
caterpillarc1440
eruca1692
slug1868
fetch-after1888
c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 882 Brenne heer and ther the heedles garlek stelis, The stynke of hit for hockis [L. contra campas] help and hele is.
c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 948 And other als seyn hockis [L. campas] forto lese Keste figtre aske on hem.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
hockn.4
/hɒk/, U.S. /hɑk/ The wine called in German Hochheimer, produced at Hochheim on the Main; hence, commercially extended to other white German wines.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > German wines > [noun] > hock
hock1671
hockamore1673
comet hock1829
1671 J. Crowne Juliana iv. 45 Sack and Claret, Rhenish and old Hock.
1677 T. D'Urfey Madam Fickle i. 4 Joll...Here's a Glass of excellent old Hock... Tilb. Old Hock! what a Dickins is that?..Wine was never good since it has been corrupted with such barbarous notions.
a1753 P. Drake Memoirs (1755) II. iii. 156 I requested him to go and take a Whet of Old Hock before Dinner.
1864 I. Taylor Words & Places (1882) 282 It would be curious to trace the progress of the perversion whereby the wines which in the fifteenth century used to be correctly designated ‘wines of Rhin’ have come to be called Hocks. Hocheim..lies on the Main and not on the Rhein.
Compounds
attributive, as in hock-bottle n., hock-glass a bottle, or wine glass, made of coloured glass, used for hock or other white wine. hock-cup n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > drinks made with wine > [noun] > other wine drinks
rambooze1656
barley wine1728
hock-cup1851
speedball1926
spritz1937
steam1941
spritzer1953
Sangria1961
vin blanc cassis1964
kir1966
the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > [noun] > bottle > for liquor
bombard1598
ingestar1611
flask1693
champagne bottle1772
magnum bonum1785
magnum1788
jeroboam1816
rehoboam1841
imperial1858
hock-bottle1892
Nebuchadnezzar1913
nip bottle1915
Balthazar1935
Methuselah1935
Salmanazar1935
miniature1939
1851 London at Table iii. 50 (heading) Champagne, Hock, or Chablis cup.
1892 W. K. Burton Mod. Photogr. (ed. 10) 176 Hock bottles..from their deep red or orange colour, are useful for various parts of the work.
1899 Daily News 20 May 8/7 There is a wonderful hock-cup ‘made in Germany’, which the knowing ones partake of.
1958 A. L. Simon Dict. Wines 66/2 Hock cup. To a bottle of Hock add 3 wine-glasses of Sherry, 1 lemon sliced, and some balm or borage.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
hockn.5
A rod, stick, or chain, with a hook at the end.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > clutching or gripping equipment > [noun] > hook
hookc900
haspedec1400
cleek1426
cleek-staffc1440
cramp1503
hock1530
gib-crook1564
cramp-iron1565
gib1567
cramper1598
bench hook1619
crampon1660
wall-hook1681
dressing hook1683
woodcock-eye1796
doghook1821
click1846
clipper1849
ice hook1853
witchetty1862
slip-hook1863
snap-hook1875
clip-hook1882
pelican1890
snake hook1944
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 231/2 Hocke, crocq.
1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Treat. Orange Trees xi. 30 in Compl. Gard'ner As to the Removing and Transporting Cases and Boxes of the Middle and smaller Size, every body knows 'tis done by..strong Coul-Staves, which with good Hocks take hold on the Bottom of the Cases at both sides.
1886 Daily News 16 Sept. 7/1 Passing a butcher's shop he caught up a ‘hock’, used for handing down joints of meat, and made several more blows at him.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2020).
hockn.6
a. U.S. ‘In the game of faro, the last card remaining in the box after all the others have been dealt’ ( Cent. Dict.).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > games of chance played with cards > [noun] > faro > specific card
hockly1805
hockelty1843
soda1845
case1856
hock1859
1859 G. W. Matsell Vocabulum 113 Hock, the last card in the box.
1913 C. E. Mulford Coming of Cassidy vii. 118 In his agitation he exposed the hock card before he realized what he was doing.
1931 G. F. Willison Here they dug Gold 217 The last card, the ‘hock’,..likewise pays nothing.
b. from soda (card) to hock: from the top card to the last in the dealing-box; hence, from beginning to end.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > completely [phrase] > thoroughly > from beginning to end or through and through
to the boneOE
through and throughc1225
out and outc1300
from top to tail1303
out and inc1390
(from) head to heel (also heels)c1400
(from) head to foot (also feet)c1425
from top to (into, unto) toec1425
to the skin1526
to one's (also the) finger (also fingers') ends1530
from first to last1536
up and down1542
whole out1562
to the pith1587
to the back1594
from A to (also until) Z1612
from clew to earing1627
from top to bottom1666
back and edge1673
all hollow1762
(all) to pieces1788
from A to Za1821
to one's (also the) fingertips1825
to one's fingernails1851
from tip to toe1853
down to the ground1859
to the backbone1864
right the way1867
pur sang1893
from the ground up1895
in and out1895
from soda (card) to hock1902
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > card or cards > [adverb] > from top card to bottom
from soda (card) to hock1902
1902 H. L. Wilson Spenders v. 49 Young Bines played the deal from soda card to hock.
1918 C. E. Mulford Man from Bar-20 ii. 21 You got me beat from soda to hock.
1918 C. E. Mulford Man from Bar-20 xiii. 134 ‘Are you in?’ ‘Every d——d chip; from my hat to my worn-out boots; from soda to hock.’
1925 C. E. Mulford Cottonwood Gulch xvi. 219 You've got 'em all guessin', from soda to hock. Good for you!
1938 H. Asbury Sucker's Progress 16 For many years a common expression was ‘from soda to hock’, meaning the whole thing, from soup to nuts.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
hockn.7
/hɒk/, U.S. /hɑk/ U.S. slang.
in (occasionally the) hock: (a) in the act (of gambling); (b) in prison; (c) in pawn; (d) in debt. So occasionally out of hock.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > doing > in action [phrase] > in the act
with the deedc1450
in the act (of)1555
to catch a person in the fact1712
in (occasionally the) hock1859
society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > [adverb] > in prison
in1574
in (occasionally the) hock1859
on ice1931
upstate1934
society > trade and finance > financial dealings > borrowing money > borrow money [phrase] > in pawn
at pawn1431
in pop1819
in (occasionally the) hock1859
on the shelf1859
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > [phrase] > in the act
in (occasionally the) hock1859
society > trade and finance > financial dealings > borrowing money > borrow money [phrase] > in pawn > out of or retrieved from pawn
out of hock1898
society > trade and finance > management of money > insolvency > indebtedness > [adverb]
in debtc1330
in, upon, on (the) score1568
in the red1907
in (occasionally the) hock1913
1859 G. W. Matsell Vocabulum 113 When one gambler is caught by another, smarter than himself, and is beat, then he is in hock. Men are only caught, or put in hock, on the race-tracks, or on the steamboats down South... Among thieves a man is in hock, when he is in prison... ‘If the cove should be caught in the hock he won't snickle,’ if the fellow should be caught in the act, he would not tell.
1860 ‘C. Martel’ Detective's Note-bk. 36 In about ten minutes from that time we had them ‘in hock’ (the cells).
1872 G. P. Burnham Mem. U.S. Secret Service p. vi In the hock, in the act of commission; on the spot.
1883 H. C. Lukens Jets & Flashes 146 We deeply regret that our india-rubber armor is in hock.
1896 G. Ade Artie xviii. 169 They go back home and leave all their stuff in hock.
1898 J. London Let. 30 Nov. (1966) 7 I..got my watch out of hock.
1902 W. N. Harben Abner Daniel xxiii I felt..ef they did git Jimmy out o' hock..without me a-chippin' in, I'd never be able to look at 'em without remorse.
1903 A. H. Lewis Boss 31 Well..even a crook has got to go somewhere. That is,..when he ain't in hock.
1908 G. H. Lorimer Jack Spurlock vii. 141 He made me feel that I was doing him a favour in consenting to have my evening clothes taken out of hock.
1911 C. E. Mulford Bar-20 Days xiii. 141 I said pound, not pond. P-O-U-N-D; which means that it's pawned, in hock.
1913 C. E. Mulford Coming of Cassidy vii. 118 If the four lay under the Queen, Cassidy lost; if not, he either won or was in hock.
1926 J. Black You can't Win xxiv. 390 I was in hock to friends who saved me from a heavy sentence, provided me with work [etc.].
1929 Collier's 5 Jan. 40/4 My cash was gone, and I was in hock for the next three years.
1956 ‘B. Holiday’ & W. Dufty Lady sings Blues i. 10 She worked her way out of hock in the hospital and took me home to her folks.
1971 M. Tak Truck Talk 89 In hock constantly, humorous expression for the financial condition of any owner-operator who has a tractor manufactured by International Harvester Company.
Compounds
hock-game n. (see quot. 1859).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > [noun] > game or match > type of game
round game1776
hock-game1859
1859 G. W. Matsell Vocabulum 113 In a hock-game, if a man hits a card, he is obliged to let his money lie until it either wins or loses.
hock-shop n. a pawnshop.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [noun] > pawnshop
Lombard1609
lumber1617
lumber-house1677
pawnshop1720
rumbo ken1724
pop-shop1772
spout1819
pawnbrokery1821
dolly-shop1851
pawn1868
hock-shop1871
poverty shop1948
1871 Sessions Papers Apr. 485 That piece that I dropped in the hock shop.
1886 Lantern (New Orleans) 22 Sept. 2/3 Take the bed too, and run it into a hock shop.
1907 I. Zangwill Ghetto Comedies 296 The diamond necklace..stolen..and found afterwards..in a low ‘hock-shop’ in New Orleans.
1926 J. Black You can't Win xxi. 336 The average thief will walk by the hockshop and look in. The hockshop man..knows he has something ‘hot’, or crooked.
1969 C. Irving Fake! (1970) xvi. 198 He had previously pawned one of the Matisse oils..to the Mont de Piété, the French national hockshop.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
hockv.1
transitive. To disable by cutting the tendons of the ham or hock, in humans or animals; to hough, hamstring.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > maiming or mutilation > maim or mutilate [verb (transitive)] > hamstring
hoxen1387
hox1388
houghc1440
to tie with St. Mary's knot1544
hock1570
hough-sinew1577
string-hough1605
ham1618
enervate1638
hockle1671
hamstring1675
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > binding or fettering > bind, fetter, or shackle [verb (transitive)] > at Hocktide
hock1570
1570 J. Foxe tr. Bp. Hulderic Epist. in Actes & Monuments (rev. ed.) I. 183/2 Those holy martyrs, whom themperour Maximus had put out the right eye, & hockt their left legs.
a1657 W. Burton Comm. Antoninus his Itinerary (1658) 16 His Son..to escape Severus..who pursued him, hockt all the Post horses he left behind him.
1730 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum To Hock, to cut Beasts in the hock or hough.
Derivatives
ˈhocking n.
ΚΠ
1892 R. Kipling Barrack-room Ballads 181 They only paid the Moonlighter his cattle-hocking price.
ˈhocker n.
ΚΠ
1898 N.E.D. at Hock v.1 Hocker, a hougher.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online September 2018).
hockv.2
(a) intransitive. To observe Hocktide. (b) transitive. To bind or otherwise beset (persons) in the way practised at Hocktide.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > liturgical year > feast, festival > specific Christian festivals > 40 days up to Ascension > [verb (intransitive)] > observe Hocktide
hock1406
14061 [see hocking n. at Derivatives]. 14062 [see hocking n. at Derivatives].
1727 Cowell's Interpreter sig. Gga And in the Accounts of Magdalen College in Oxford there is yearly an Allowance pro Mulieribus Hockantibus, in some Manors of theirs in Hampshire, where the Men hock the Women on Monday, and econtra on Tuesday.
1825 T. D. Fosbroke Encycl. Antiq. II. xiii. 576 On Monday and Tuesday men and women reciprocally hocked each other, i.e. stopped the way with ropes, and pulled the passengers towards them, desiring a donation.
Derivatives
ˈhocking n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > specific festivities > [noun] > other festivities
hoppingc1330
hocking1406
church ale1448
bid-alec1462
kirk-ale1543
maids' ale1547
quaff-tide1582
help-ale1587
clerk-ale1627
Chinese New Year1704
Rasa-yatra1767
spring festival1788
souling1813
gooding1818
walking day1826
yatra1827
triacontaëterid1839
pwe1842
Thomasing1847
hocking-ale1854
Mary-ale1857
Oktoberfest1859
Marymass1866
club-walking1874
Lag b'Omer1874
full moon festival1876
beerfest1877
Tanabata1880
Moon Festival1892
bierfest1908
sausage fest1908
Zar1931
rara1941
mas'1956
molimo1960
Kwanzaa1970
society > faith > worship > liturgical year > feast, festival > specific Christian festivals > 40 days up to Ascension > [noun] > first week in > week following > observation of
hocking1406
1406 Proclam. in Letterbk. I. Guild Hall Lond., lf. xlix b [cf. Riley Mem. London 562] Ista proclamatio facta fuit die Veneris proximo ante quindenam Pasche..Qe null persone di ceste Citee..teygne, ou constreyne ascun persone..deinz meason ou de hors pur hokkyng lundy ne marsdy proscheins appelles Hokkedayes.
1406 Proclam. in Letterbk. I. Guild Hall Lond., lf. xlix b [cf. Riley Mem. London 562] Darrestier tiel persone qi qe soyt fesaunt ou usaunt tiell hokkyng.
1466 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 211 Item, the same day my mastyr gaffe the women to the hokkynge .xx.d.
1618 in Brand's Pop. Antiq. Great Brit. (1870) I. 159 Gained with hocking at Whitsuntide, £16 12s. 3d.
hocking-ale n. ale brewed for the festival at Hocktide; the festival itself, at which collections were made for parochial purposes.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > ale or beer > ale > [noun] > ale for specific occasions
wassailc1300
hock-ale1484
hocking-ale1484
Christian ale1640
bummocka1688
bing-ale1735
lamb-ale1781
clerk-ale1791
audit ale1823
bride ale1868
bed-ale1880
society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > specific festivities > [noun] > other festivities
hoppingc1330
hocking1406
church ale1448
bid-alec1462
kirk-ale1543
maids' ale1547
quaff-tide1582
help-ale1587
clerk-ale1627
Chinese New Year1704
Rasa-yatra1767
spring festival1788
souling1813
gooding1818
walking day1826
yatra1827
triacontaëterid1839
pwe1842
Thomasing1847
hocking-ale1854
Mary-ale1857
Oktoberfest1859
Marymass1866
club-walking1874
Lag b'Omer1874
full moon festival1876
beerfest1877
Tanabata1880
Moon Festival1892
bierfest1908
sausage fest1908
Zar1931
rara1941
mas'1956
molimo1960
Kwanzaa1970
1484 in J. L. Glasscock Rec. St. Michael's, Bishop's Stortford (1882) 26 Item pd. for brewyng of the hokyng ale xvjd.
1854 J. Toulmin Smith Parish (1857) 504 Then there was the Hocking-Ale, one of great importance; and the thorough kindly Bid-Ale.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2019).
hockv.3
slang (originally U.S.).
transitive. To pawn.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > financial dealings > borrowing money > borrow money [verb (transitive)] > pawn
to give (also have, lay, put, take) to pledgec1384
to set, put, lay to or in wedc1384
engage1525
pawn1570
to lay (up) in lavender1584
impawn1598
oppignorate1622
pignorate1623
dip1640
to put to lumber1671
vamp1699
pop1731
sweatc1800
spout1811
lumber1819
up the spout1819
hock1878
soak1882
to put away1887
1878 San Francisco Trade Herald Aug. 2/2 To soak—to hock—Yer upper benjamin at yer uncle's, to get the ‘sugar’ for a good square meal.
1902 H. L. Wilson Spenders xxxiii. 397 The only thing I'll do..is to hock a few blocks of the stock I bought outright.
1904 G. H. Lorimer Old Gorgon Graham 184 You can hock your overcoat before marriage to buy violets for a girl.
1922 H. L. Foster Adventures Trop. Tramp xx. 354 I've just hocked my camera, and all I've got is two dollars.
1945 G. Millar Maquis i. 23 You might be able to hock them if you run out of money.
1969 C. F. Burke God is Beautiful, Man (1970) 65 Then he went and he took everything he had—his automobile—and he hocked them.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online September 2019).
> see also
also refers to : hochockn.
<
n.1c725
n.21540n.3c1420n.41671n.51530n.61859
n.71859v.11570v.21406v.31878see also