aphaeresisapheresisn.

Brit.

/əˈfɪərᵻsɪs/,

/aˈfɪərᵻsɪs/, U.S.

/əˈfɛrəsəs/,

/æˈfɛrəsəs/

Forms: 1500s– aphaeresis, 1500s– apheresis (now chiefly U.S.), 1700s aphaerisis.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin aphaeresis.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin aphaeresis removal of a letter or syllable at the beginning of a word (from 3rd cent. in grammarians), surgical removal (1607 or earlier) < ancient Greek ἀϕαίρεσις action of taking away, removal, in Hellenistic Greek also removal of initial letters, amputation < ἀϕαιρεῖν to take away, remove ( < ἀϕ' aph- prefix + αἱρεῖν to take, snatch: see heresy n.) + -σις -sis suffix. Compare Middle French apheresis (1521; French aphérèse ). In later use of sense 2b, chiefly after plasmapheresis n.

1. Linguistics. Omission of one or more sounds or letters from the beginning of a word.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > unit of duration of speech sound > lengthening or shortening > omission of first letter or syllable of word

aphaeresis1550

aphesis1880

1550 R. Sherry Treat. Schemes & Tropes sig. Bv^v Ablatio, the takynge awaye of a letter or sillable from the begynnynge of a worde, of a letter, when we say: The penthesis of thys house is to low, for the epenthesis. Wher note this y^e word penthesis is a greke worde, & yet is vsed as an englishe, as many mo be, and is called a pentis by these figures, Sincope and Apheresis.

1578 T. Garter Commody of Susanna sig. f.i^v Twixt Aphaeresis and Appocope you may see full playne, That Ill for Wylliam is vsde without shame.

1656 J. Smith Myst. Rhetorique Unvail'd 170 Prosthesis... A figure (contrary to Aphæresis) whereby a letter or syllable is added to the beginning of a word.

1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France II. 24 The figure aphærisis [will] alter the appellation entirely.

1846 S. P. Tregelles tr. F. H. W. Gesenius Heb. Lex. 2/2 In Hebrew, א without a vowel is very often rejected from the beginning of a word by aphæresis.

1929 Mod. Philol. 27 156 The initial e of *edne was in a precarious position, and, by apheresis, became *dne.

2002 Italica 79 550 Cosmetic phonological attrition is measured in consonant weakening, mostly intervocalic, in apocope and apheresis.

2. Medicine.

†a. Surgical excision of an abnormal part of the body; amputation; extraction (of teeth). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > removal by surgical means > [noun]

ablation?a1425

aphaeresis1688

extirpation1706

extraction1799

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. xii. 442/2 Aphæresis, a part of Chyrurgery which teacheth to take away all superfluities in the body.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Aphæresis in medicine denotes a necessary taking away or removal of something that is noxious. In surgery, an operation whereby something superfluous is taken away.

1782 J. Aitken Elements Theory & Pract. Physic & Surg. II. 483 Aphaeresis—The amputation of whole members or parts become diseased.

1898 Dental Digest 4 370 Dental surgery may be divided into two grand divisions, namely, the branch of prosthesis and the branch of aphaeresis.

b. Removal of a quantity of blood, (in later use) spec. to extract specific useful or undesirable components before returning it to the donor. Cf. plasmapheresis n.

ΚΠ

1880 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Aphæresis,... Also, formerly used for large and injurious extraction of blood.

1979 Exper. Hematol. 7 131 Granulocyte functional capacities were evaluated on the venous blood samples drawn before apheresis.

1992 Independent 14 Apr. 15/3 LDL Apheresis is a cholesterol-filtering treatment which removes low-density lipids—the ‘bad’ cholesterol—and literally cleans the blood.

1994 Guardian 26 Oct. (Society section) 6/5 The platelets have been specially matched from 20 donors who have platelets taken from their blood every month by a process known as apheresis.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	aphaeresis
释义	aphaeresisapheresisn. Brit. /əˈfɪərᵻsɪs/, /aˈfɪərᵻsɪs/, U.S. /əˈfɛrəsəs/, /æˈfɛrəsəs/ Forms: 1500s– aphaeresis, 1500s– apheresis (now chiefly U.S.), 1700s aphaerisis. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin aphaeresis. Etymology: < post-classical Latin aphaeresis removal of a letter or syllable at the beginning of a word (from 3rd cent. in grammarians), surgical removal (1607 or earlier) < ancient Greek ἀϕαίρεσις action of taking away, removal, in Hellenistic Greek also removal of initial letters, amputation < ἀϕαιρεῖν to take away, remove ( < ἀϕ' aph- prefix + αἱρεῖν to take, snatch: see heresy n.) + -σις -sis suffix. Compare Middle French apheresis (1521; French aphérèse ). In later use of sense 2b, chiefly after plasmapheresis n. 1. Linguistics. Omission of one or more sounds or letters from the beginning of a word. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > unit of duration of speech sound > lengthening or shortening > omission of first letter or syllable of word aphaeresis1550 aphesis1880 1550 R. Sherry Treat. Schemes & Tropes sig. Bv^v Ablatio, the takynge awaye of a letter or sillable from the begynnynge of a worde, of a letter, when we say: The penthesis of thys house is to low, for the epenthesis. Wher note this y^e word penthesis is a greke worde, & yet is vsed as an englishe, as many mo be, and is called a pentis by these figures, Sincope and Apheresis. 1578 T. Garter Commody of Susanna sig. f.i^v Twixt Aphaeresis and Appocope you may see full playne, That Ill for Wylliam is vsde without shame. 1656 J. Smith Myst. Rhetorique Unvail'd 170 Prosthesis... A figure (contrary to Aphæresis) whereby a letter or syllable is added to the beginning of a word. 1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France II. 24 The figure aphærisis [will] alter the appellation entirely. 1846 S. P. Tregelles tr. F. H. W. Gesenius Heb. Lex. 2/2 In Hebrew, א without a vowel is very often rejected from the beginning of a word by aphæresis. 1929 Mod. Philol. 27 156 The initial e of *edne was in a precarious position, and, by apheresis, became *dne. 2002 Italica 79 550 Cosmetic phonological attrition is measured in consonant weakening, mostly intervocalic, in apocope and apheresis. 2. Medicine. †a. Surgical excision of an abnormal part of the body; amputation; extraction (of teeth). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > removal by surgical means > [noun] ablation?a1425 aphaeresis1688 extirpation1706 extraction1799 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. xii. 442/2 Aphæresis, a part of Chyrurgery which teacheth to take away all superfluities in the body. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Aphæresis in medicine denotes a necessary taking away or removal of something that is noxious. In surgery, an operation whereby something superfluous is taken away. 1782 J. Aitken Elements Theory & Pract. Physic & Surg. II. 483 Aphaeresis—The amputation of whole members or parts become diseased. 1898 Dental Digest 4 370 Dental surgery may be divided into two grand divisions, namely, the branch of prosthesis and the branch of aphaeresis. b. Removal of a quantity of blood, (in later use) spec. to extract specific useful or undesirable components before returning it to the donor. Cf. plasmapheresis n. ΚΠ 1880 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Aphæresis,... Also, formerly used for large and injurious extraction of blood. 1979 Exper. Hematol. 7 131 Granulocyte functional capacities were evaluated on the venous blood samples drawn before apheresis. 1992 Independent 14 Apr. 15/3 LDL Apheresis is a cholesterol-filtering treatment which removes low-density lipids—the ‘bad’ cholesterol—and literally cleans the blood. 1994 Guardian 26 Oct. (Society section) 6/5 The platelets have been specially matched from 20 donors who have platelets taken from their blood every month by a process known as apheresis. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1550
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