α. Old English han, Middle English hayn (northern).
β. Middle English hoone, Middle English– hone, 1600s hoan, 1600s hoane, 1700s whoon (Scottish), 1600s 1800s hon (Scottish).
单词 | hone |
释义 | honen.1α. Old English han, Middle English hayn (northern). β. Middle English hoone, Middle English– hone, 1600s hoan, 1600s hoane, 1700s whoon (Scottish), 1600s 1800s hon (Scottish). ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > a stone > [noun] stonec888 honeeOE flintc1300 rock1677 St. Stephen's loaf1694 dornick1840 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > land-boundary > boundary mark > stone hoar-stone847 honeeOE merestoneOE markstoneOE march stone1519 shire-stone1536 dool-stone1580 bound-stone1602 witter stone1615 metestone1617 bounder-stone1635 bourne-stone1837 eOE Bounds (Sawyer 447) in W. de G. Birch Cartularium Saxonicum (1887) II. 458 Þonne norþ fram setle to netles stede to þære hane. OE Bounds (Sawyer 738) in W. de G. Birch Cartularium Saxonicum (1893) III. 435 Of þære grægan hane andlang hearpdene. c1250 ( Bounds (Sawyer 468) in W. de G. Birch Cartularium Saxonicum (1887) II. 481 Þonon on þa readan hane, of þære hane on þone herpaþ. 1252 Close Rolls Henry III (1927) VII. 54 Johannis Attehone. 1332 in W. Hudson Three Earliest Subsidies Sussex (1910) 247 (MED) Willo atte Hone. 2. A whetstone, esp. one used for sharpening razors.razor hone: see razor n. Compounds 1a. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > shaping tools or equipment > [noun] > sharpening > whetstone whetstonec725 hone-stone1393 filourc1400 hone1440 rub1502 rubber1553 knife-stone1571 stone1578 oilstone1585 block1592 oil whetstone1601 greenstone1668 scythe-stone1688 water stone1703 sharping-stone1714 Scotch stone1766 honer1780 Turkey hone1794 polishing-slate1801 burr1816 Turkey stone1816 German hone1817 Arkansas1869 rag1877 rock1889 slipstone1927 Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 245 Hoone, barbarys instrument, cos. 1545 T. Raynald tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde ii. sig. O.iiii Rubbe it on a barbars whetstone called a hone. 1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 3 Take in his Chest a good hoane. 1729 in Sc. Hist. Rev. (1908) 5 271 One case with two raisors. One whoon, one strap. 1777 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 67 299 The metal had received a good face and figure upon the hones. 1807 P. Gass Jrnls. 79 Part of a log quite petrified..of which good whetstones or hones could be made. 1878 J. L. Robertson Poems 85 Razors an' hones for gay young shavers. 1924 H. H. Thomas Compl. Amateur Gardener vii. 67 The pruning outfit should consist of..a hone or sharpening stone. 2000 Britannia 31 279 The central area is smooth and flat and was most probably used as a hone. 3. Rock of which whetstones are made, hone-stone.Arkansas, German, Turkey hone: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > stone or rock > [noun] > for whetstones whetstone1578 hone1688 Mudgee1909 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > [noun] > hard stone > whetstone whetstone1578 wolf-stone1640 hone1688 Water of Ayr stone1793 novaculite1794 Turkey hone1794 Turkey stone1816 whet-slate1839 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. ii. 41/2 The hone, is kind of yellowish colour, being a Hollywood converted into stone. 1788 Chambers's Cycl. (new ed.) (at cited word) Pieces of the finest blue hone or whetstone. 1803 Gazetteer Scotl. at Edinburgh In the parish of Ratho is found a species of whetstone or hone, of the finest substance. 1917 Iron Tradesman Oct. 24/2 The Belgian Hone, from the Ardennes Mountains,..is very popular with barbers because of the fine and soft texture of its grit. 2008 U. McGovern Lost Crafts (2009) 60 A punch-like piece of hone or antler is held against the edge of the core and gently struck with a hammer. CompoundsΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > apparatus > [noun] spectacle-case1597 steel glass1662 dark glasses1733 bruiser1738 hone pavement1738 Ramsden's ghost1807 sunshade1829 optical bank1874 phacometer1876 optical bench1880 flat1897 lens paper1925 light pipe1939 lens tissue1941 optical fibre1960 1738 R. Smith Compl. Syst. Opticks II. ii. 311 Work the metal on them with..such length of the stroke as may carry the edge of it about 1/6 or 1/4 of its diameter beyond that of the hone pavement. ?1790 J. Imison Curious & Misc. Articles (new ed.) 108 in School of Arts (ed. 2) The hone pavement has uniformly taken out all the emery strokes. 1816 Encycl. Perthensis (ed. 2) XXI. 271/2 He dissuades the use of much water on the hone pavement. hone-stone n. (a) = sense 2; (b) a hard, fine-grained rock used for sharpening blades, esp. novaculite; cf. sense 3. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > shaping tools or equipment > [noun] > sharpening > whetstone whetstonec725 hone-stone1393 filourc1400 hone1440 rub1502 rubber1553 knife-stone1571 stone1578 oilstone1585 block1592 oil whetstone1601 greenstone1668 scythe-stone1688 water stone1703 sharping-stone1714 Scotch stone1766 honer1780 Turkey hone1794 polishing-slate1801 burr1816 Turkey stone1816 German hone1817 Arkansas1869 rag1877 rock1889 slipstone1927 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > metamorphic rock > [noun] > slate > argillaceous > varieties of killas1673 razea1728 hone-stone1796 whet-slate1839 Arkansas1869 1393 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1836) I. 184 (MED) Baslardum cum j haynstan. 1796 Scots Mag. May 330/1 About a quarter of a mile west from the church, there is a fine quarry of hone-stone. 1855 F. B. Palliser tr. J. Labarte Handbk. Arts Middle Ages & Renaissance i. 25 Hone~stone, a compact, fine-grained magnesian limestone. 1882 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. ii. ii. §6. 122 Whet-slate, novaculite, hone-stone, an exceedingly hard fine grained siliceous rock. 1999 Oxoniensia 63 179 Fragment of honestone in a light grey calcareous sandstone, oval in section. 2008 Proc. Royal Irish Acad. C. 108 42 Two of the hone-stones were sandstone and two were mudstone. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † honen.2 Obsolete (Scottish in later use). literary and rare after 16th cent. Delay, hesitation. Only in but (also without) (any) hone, etc.: without delay, immediately.Chiefly used in poetry, often as a metrical tag. ΘΚΠ the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > [noun] longingeOE bideOE abodec1225 bodea1300 demura1300 dwella1300 litinga1300 delayc1300 delayingc1300 demurrancec1300 but honec1325 without ensoignec1325 abidec1330 dretchingc1330 dwellingc1330 essoinc1330 tarrying1340 litea1350 delaymenta1393 respitea1393 oversettinga1398 delayancea1400 delitea1400 lingeringa1400 stounding?a1400 sunyiea1400 targea1400 train?a1400 deferring14.. dilation14.. dayc1405 prolongingc1425 spacec1430 adjourningc1436 retardationc1437 prolongation?a1439 training1440 adjournment1445 sleuthingc1450 tarry1451 tarriance1460 prorogation1476 oversetc1485 tarriage1488 debaid1489 supersedement1492 superseding1494 off-putting1496 postponing1496 tract1503 dilating1509 sparinga1513 hafting1519 sufferance1523 tracking1524 sticking1525 stay1530 pause1532 protraction1535 tracting1535 protract of time1536 protracting1540 postposition1546 staying1546 procrastination1548 difference1559 surceasing1560 tardation1568 detract1570 detracting1572 tarryment1575 rejourning1578 detraction1579 longness1579 rejournment1579 holding1581 reprieving1583 cunctation1585 retarding1585 retardance1586 temporizing1587 by and by1591 suspensea1592 procrastinatinga1594 tardance1595 linger1597 forslacking1600 morrowing1602 recess1603 deferment1612 attendance1614 put-off1623 adjournal1627 fristing1637 hanging-up1638 retardment1640 dilatoriness1642 suspension1645 stickagea1647 tardidation1647 transtemporation1651 demurragea1656 prolatation1656 prolation1656 moration1658 perendination1658 offput1730 retardure1751 postponement1757 retard1781 traverse1799 tarrowing1832 mañana1845 temporization1888 procrastinativeness1893 deferral1895 traa dy liooar1897 stalling1927 heel-tapping1949 off-put1970 c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 2579 Atte verste wiþoute one Castigen þe kinges broþer mid is men echone Asaylede hors & is ost. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5795 Siþen sal þou wit-outen hon Wend to king pharaon. c1450 (?a1400) Duke Rowland & Sir Otuell (1880) l. 341 (MED) Send owte Rowlande withowtten hone [rhyme tone]. c1480 (a1400) St. Paul 804 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 52 Bad þame..Set fyre at anis but ony howne. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xiv. 182 Thai raid furth and saw thaim soyne, Syne come agane, forouten hoyne. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 434 For to devyiss without[in] ony hune, Richt wyslie than quhat best wes to be done. 1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus iv. f. 62v That thay suld pas but hone. 1820 Edinb. Mag. & Literary Misc. May 422/2 The trauchl't stag i' the wan waves lap, But huliness or hune. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † honen.3 English regional (Isle of Wight). Obsolete. rare. An inflamed swelling in the cheek. ΚΠ 1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) ii. cccc. 1018 This swelling her mother called by the name of a Hone, but asking whether such tumors werein the said Isle [sc. the Isle of Wight] vsually called Hones she could not tell. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2019). † honev.1 Obsolete (Scottish in later use). rare after 16th cent. intransitive. To delay, hesitate, dawdle; to linger (in a place). In later use also with off. Also transitive in to hone the hoddle: to walk or work a little slower than usual. ΘΚΠ the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > delay [verb (intransitive)] geleOE studegieOE abideOE to do in or a (= on) fristc1175 dwellc1175 demurc1230 targec1250 dretcha1325 tarrya1375 sojourn1377 defer1382 letc1385 hinderc1386 blina1400 delay?a1400 honea1400 litea1400 overbidea1400 prolongc1425 supersede1433 hoverc1440 tarrowc1480 sunyie1488 stay?a1500 sleep1519 slack1530 protract1540 linger1548 procrastinate1548 slackc1560 slug1565 jauk1568 temporize1579 detract1584 longering1587 sit1591 prorogue1593 to time it out1613 to lie out1640 crastinate1656 taigle17.. to hang fire1782 to hold off1790 to hang it on1819 prevaricate1854 to lie over1856 to tread water1942 to drag one's feet1946 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 19867 Petre þan bigan til hon. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 6088 Yee be alle belted, wit staf in hand, Hones noght quils yee ar etand. a1450 York Plays (1885) 88 (MED) Lorde, late þam wende..It may not helpe to hover na hone. c1450 (?a1400) Sege Melayne (1880) l. 819 In no place wolde he hone [rhyme done]. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. iii. 38 1 Filius. Brether, help to bere. 2 Filius. Full long shall I not hoyne To do my devere. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Riv/2 To Hoyne, hærere. 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. To Hune,..2. To loiter. Clydes. 1856 G. Henderson Pop. Rhymes Berwick 165 Hoon aff, dear Kate, till comes the day. 1868 Laird of Logan App. 505 My leddie, I teuk up my tail ower my rigging, and ne'er hun't my hoddle. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022). honev.2 1. intransitive. To long, pine for; to hanker after; to crave. Also transitive (U.S.): to long to do something. In later use English regional (west midlands) and U.S. regional (chiefly southern and south Midland). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > longing or yearning > long or yearn [verb (intransitive)] > pine honea1400 languor1526 pine1569 to eat one's (own) heart1590 sicken1802 moon1878 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 16818 (MED) A rightwis man was in þat lede als þar was funden quone, Ioseph of arimathi he hight; till heuen þan gan he hone. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. i. vii. 6 Some of the Oxen..missed their fellowes behind, and honing after them, bellowed as their nature is. 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy iii. ii. i. ii. 541 He will be dreaming of, and honinge after wenches. 1708 Brit. Apollo 11–16 June When in Wezon 'tis gone, For another I hoan. 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison I. xxxv. 241 She brought a servant up with her..who hones after the country. 1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. 212 'E canna do no good at school, 'e does so 'one fur 'ome. 1882 E. L. Chamberlain Gloss. W. Worcs. Words 15 Thahr's on'y one thing 'e 'ones far, an' that's a drap o' cider. 1884 Harper's Mag. Oct. 800/1 ‘I'm just honin' after food’, is another example of the Tennessee patois. 1908 Atlantic Monthly Nov. 716 My honey, I've just been honing to see you. 1964 R. P. Warren Flood xxvi. 346 They..went into a drooling trance..and got sick just honing after those legs. 1983 W. A. Owens Tell me Story, Sing me Song iv. 323 After years of living in town and honing for the country she was back in her own house, on her own land. 2. intransitive. To moan, wail. Also: to grumble. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > discontent or dissatisfaction > state of complaining > complain [verb (intransitive)] > peevishly or querulously whingea1150 girnc1440 whine1530 whimper1549 hone1621 peenge1791 nyaff1808 bellyache1889 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy iii. ii. iii. 614 Admiring and commending her still and lamenting, honing, wishing himselfe any thing for her sake. 1658 G. Starkey Natures Explic. 243 I know that the Galenical Tribe will whine and hone pitifully, rather than lose to be reputed Chymists. 1726 C. Ellison Most Pleasant Descr. Benwel Village 156 Supplicants..hone With piteous moan. 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth v, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. I. 132 Thou awakest to hone, and pine, and moan, as if she had drawn a hot iron across thy lips. 1852 C. M. Yonge Two Guardians (1855) vi. 82 There was no use in honing and moaning about it beforehand, so I tried to make the best of it. 1955 D. Niland Shiralee 36 Macauley felt her scrabbling over the blanket, and then sitting beside his bulk, hooning to herself. 2009 C. Harrod-Eagles Foreign Field v. 113 The wind hooned in the chimney. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). honev.3 1. a. transitive. To sharpen (a blade, etc.), esp. on a hone. Also in figurative contexts. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > work with tools or equipment [verb (transitive)] > sharpening tool strap1774 hone1788 strop1841 oilstone1876 stone1885 1788 E. Picken Poems & Epist. 141 On beuks to hone my rhimin' razor, Gies aye my mind superior pleasure. 1797 B. Kingsbury Treat. Razors 21 The wiry appearance which the edge of the razor assumes when sufficiently honed. 1829 W. F. Hawley Quebec, Harp & Other Poems 66 That dull tool, An edgeless poet, I can hone So sharp, 'twill shave like broken bone. 1834 Toilette Health, Beauty, & Fashion (new ed.) xxvi. 160 When the razor has been finely honed, the finest and most elastic strop only should be used. 1863 Harper's New Monthly Mag. July 212/1 Mr. Green..brought out a jack-knife and commenced honing it on his shoe. 1896 Perry (Iowa) Bull. 2 Jan. 4/3 A local banker..honed his tools and prepared to perform a little tonsorial work upon a sixty-day note. 1932 Punch 23 Nov. p. xxiii/3 (advt.) The one hollow-ground blade is stropped and honed in its case, and lasts for years. 1964 K. Hanson Rebels in Streets i. 12 Today, boys' gangs seldom take the warpath en masse garbed in leather jackets..the buckles of their garrison belts honed to a cutting edge. 2002 W. Fiennes Snow Geese (2003) iv. 131 The augers and gimlets for boring holes in logs,..the India oilstone for honing an axe's blade, [etc.]. b. transitive. To refine or practise (a skill, technique, etc.); to make more effective or intense.Before the mid 20th cent. usually as part of an extended metaphor; cf. sense 1a. ΚΠ 1914 I. S. Cobb in Sat. Evening Post 18 July 3/2 [He] considered his fellow travelers with a view to honing his agile fancy on the whetstones of their duller mentalities. 1955 H. Kurnitz Invasion of Privacy (1956) xii. 80 Dorsey's appetite for easy money..was honed to a razor edge. 1963 Chicago Sunday Tribune 31 Mar. (Mag.) 40/3 Carson honed his skills as a monologist, sketch comic, panelist, interviewer, mimic, and ‘nut’. 1969 ETC. June 189 The manipulative use of language, honed to razor sharpness on Madison Avenue, is increasingly wielded for more portentous advocacy. 1989 Q Dec. 12/1 McVey set about honing his production and songwriting skills. 2009 MovieMail July 22/2 Their routines honed to perfection in the hard-knocks territory of northern working men's clubs. 2. transitive. To give greater strength or firmness to (a muscle, part of the body, etc.) through exercise; to tone. ΚΠ 1964 Hartford (Connecticut) Courant 11 Feb. 23/3 (heading) How to hone muscle tone. 1982 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 24 May b1/1 The parks are centers of recreation—drawing out thousands of winter-weary people looking to hone their bodies or relax their minds. 1998 Zest July 116 (caption) Cycling firms your bottom, hones your thighs, clears your lungs and soothes your cares. 2004 W. Shanker Fat Girl's Guide to Life xv. 255 They [sc. brides]..hire personal trainers to hone their biceps and triceps and shoulders. 2011 J. E. White What they didn't teach you in Seminary 16 The army is dropping five-mile runs..in favor of zig-zag sprints and exercises that hone core muscles. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). honev.4 Originally U.S. intransitive. to hone in: to head directly for something; to turn one's attention intently towards something. Usually with on. Cf. home v. 5a. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > move towards [verb (intransitive)] > as if to a target home1920 to zero in1959 to hone in1965 1965 G. Plimpton Paper Lion vii. 62 Then he'd fly on past or off at an angle, his hands splayed out wide, looking back for the ball honing in to intercept his line of flight. 1967 N.Y. Times 5 Nov. iii. 10/1 A few who know the wearer well recognize that something is different without honing in on the hairpiece. 1983 E. Figes Light vii. 53 A wasp had begun to circle round the bowl.., gradually honing in on the ripe glistening fruit. 1995 For Him Mag. Sept. 78/3 He hasn't spotted me. I hone in, but he slips out of range just in time. We cat and mouse for what seems like an eternity. 2002 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 19 Dec. 35/3 Balanchine's classes were famous for honing in on the basics. 2005 E. Barr Plan B (2006) iii. 40 One of Jo's artists had given Jo the house listings magazine, and she had, inevitably, honed in on Emma's place. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1eOEn.2c1325n.31633v.1a1400v.2a1400v.31788v.41965 |
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