hutn.¹

Brit.

/hʌt/, U.S.

/hət/

Forms: 1500s huittes (plural), 1600s hutte, 1600s–1800s hutt, 1600s– hut.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French hutte.

Etymology: < Middle French, French hutte small wooden cabin used as a temporary dwelling (12th or 13th cent. in an isolated attestation in Anglo-Norman with specific reference to a shepherd's hut, subsequently from the early 14th cent.), probably < Middle High German hütte , hutte (Old High German hutta , huttea ; German Hütte ), probably < the same Indo-European base as hide n.¹ and hide v.¹, with reference to the function of a hut as shelter. Compare earlier hotte n.¹ and see discussion at that entry.Further etymology. It was formerly widely assumed that the German noun was a suffixed derivative of the Indo-European base of Old Russian kutati to cover (Russian kutat′ to wrap up, to muffle), Bulgarian kătam I hide, Old Prussian kūnti he watches over, he protects, and that Old Church Slavonic kǫšta ‘hut, tent’ was derived from the same base. However, this suggestion presents formal difficulties, and it is uncertain whether the Balto-Slavonic words are related to each other. Parallels in other languages. The German word was also borrowed into other European languages. Compare Middle Dutch hutte (Dutch hut ), Old Saxon huttia (in glosses; Middle Low German hütte ), Old Swedish hytta (Swedish hytta ), and also post-classical Latin hutta (from late 13th cent. in British sources). The Germanic nouns, except Old Swedish hytta , are first attested in the sense ‘small dwelling or cabin’; Old Swedish hytta means ‘ironworks’ and is immediately < either Middle Low German hütte or Middle High German hütte , both of which show specific uses denoting cabins used by miners for accommodation or as metalworks. The specific military use (see sense 1a) is paralleled in German from the 15th cent., and in Dutch and French from the late 16th cent. (although quot. 1545 suggests earlier currency of the French noun in this sense). Specific senses. In sense 2c short for beach hut n. In sense 3 originally after post-classical Latin casa cottage, hut (see case n.²; 1634 in this sense, in the passage translated in quot. 1669). Compare also house n.¹ 3.

a. Military. A permanent or temporary building used as accommodation for military personnel.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military organization > logistics > quartering > [noun] > quarters > barracks > types of

hut1545

serail1585

seraglio1600

horse guardsc1660

caserne1676

foot barracks1705

1545 in State Papers Henry VIII (1849) X. 609 The French armey..having broken up their campe and brent all their huittes, removed..towardes Arde.

1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 120 Within the Fort are many small houses or huts which lodge the Souldiers.

1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. ix. 521 Above a thousand Deal-boards, to make huts for the Soldiers.

1810 Minutes Evid. Exped. to Scheldt VIII. 255 Were there not upon the sand hills a number of huts or small barracks belonging to the French, in which their troops had remained?

1885 J. H. Ewing Story Short Life ii. 17 The huts for married men and officers were of varying degrees of comfort and homeliness, but those for single men were like toy-boxes of wooden soldiers.

1941 N. Coward Diary 1 Aug. (2000) 10 Michael [Redgrave] nearly had a fit when I pranced into his hut and everybody had to stand to attention. Had long discussion about RNFC [Royal Naval Film Corporation].

2012 Taranaki (N.Z.) Daily News (Nexis) 21 May 9 The ridge that made up Marsland Hill also housed soldiers' huts and a parade ground.

b. More generally: any of various types of building used as permanent or temporary accommodation, or for meetings, storage, etc.; a cottage, cabin, hall, etc.; (Australian) a building provided for the accommodation of convicts, or (in later use; also New Zealand) of farmhands or other employees.See also mountain hut n., ski-hut n., scout hut n., etc.In later use probably an extended use of sense 2a.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > types of building generally > [noun] > other types of building

bridge house1319

searching housea1525

folly1591

engine house1626

hut1629

pot gallery1630

pantheon1713

government office1750

enclosure1754

substation1833

art centre1863

centre1884

arts centre1922

quadplex1946

quadruplex1946

bhavan1949

low-rise1965

quad1971

quadrominium1971

see-through1975

common house1989

1629 tr. S. Pelegromius Descr. S'hertogenbosh sig. A2^v In this Boscage the Duke had made a Cottage, aswell for his Dogges and Horses, when he went a hunting, as also for men to be at shelter from the raine and great heate... The Hunters of the Duke had made a Ditch round about this Hutte, for to be assured against the forces of their Enemies.

1793 J. Hunter Hist. Jrnl. Trans. Port Jackson 303 Each hut was to contain ten convicts.

1836 Hobart Town Almanack 69 I succeeded in hiring a hut of two apartments in one of the principal streets.

1844 Port Phillip Patriot (Melbourne) 11 July 1/3 At head station are a three-roomed hut, large kitchen, wool shed [etc.].

1935 R. S. Odell Handbk. Arthur Pass National Park 20 They will no doubt be ultimately opened up by the formation of tracks and the erection of huts, and will then allow of the fullest exploitation of the winter sports attractions of the Park.

1936 Evening Tel. & Post (Dundee) 21 Sept. 2/4 Bridge of Earn Boy Scouts..have now taken possession of their new hut.

2012 Irish Times 25 Aug. (Mag.) 32/3 For the deluxe experience, you can book a tree-top cabin or lakeside hut.

a. A small dwelling or shelter of relatively simple or basic construction, esp. one made of locally available materials such as wood, grass, natural stone, mud, etc.See also grass hut n., log-hut n., mud hut n., shepherd's hut n., etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > hut or hovel > [noun]

hulka1000

boothc1200

hull?c1225

lodge1290

hottea1325

holetc1380

tavern1382

scalea1400

schura1400

tugury1412

donjon?a1439

cabinc1440

coshc1490

cabinet1579

bully1598

crib1600

shed1600

hut1637

hovela1640

boorachc1660

barrack1686

bothy1750

corf1770

rancho1819

shanty1820

kraal1832

shelty1834

shackle1835

mia-mia1837

wickiup1838

caboose1839

chantier1849

hangar1852

caban1866

shebang1867

humpy1873

shack1878

hale1885

bach1927

jhuggi1927

favela1961

hokkie1973

1637 P. Vincent True Relation Late Battell 11 The space within is full of Wigwams... These huts or little houses are framed like our garden arbours,..covered with close wrought mats, made by their women of flagges, rushes, and hempen threds.

1658 J. Evelyn tr. N. de Bonnefons French Gardiner 100 A small hutt [Fr. Hutte] of ferne or straw.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World ii. 16 The next night came on before we could build more Hutts, so we lay straggling in the Woods.

1717 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 1 Apr. (1965) I. 320 Their Houses are nothing but little Huts rais'd of Dirt bak'd in the Sun.

1837 W. Irving Adventures Capt. Bonneville II. 219 They proceeded until they came to some Indian huts.

1893 Bookman June 86/1 Dining off black bread..in a Swiss peasant's hut.

1961 M. W. Barley Eng. Farmhouse & Cottage i. ii. 36 In Cumberland some sixty years ago barkpeelers built themselves huts which consisted of four poles lashed in pairs to support a ridge piece.

1968 G. Ogot in C. Achebe & C. L. Innes Afr. Short Stories (1987) 42 Nyagar entered his hut, searched for his medicine bag and found it in a corner.

2007 Independent 8 May (Extra section) 4/3 The ‘checkpoint’—a wooden guards' hut—remains, but the..land between Checkpoint Charlie and the old East is now a building site.

b. A cabin, booth, or small building selling food, drink, or other goods. Originally (often in form hutt): spec. (British) a small roadside establishment selling food and drink; a small inn. Also with modifying word.In early use often in the names of such establishments.

ΚΠ

1743 Daily Advertiser 30 June (advt.) At Spencer's Original Breakfasting Hut..may be had every Morning, except Sundays, fine Tea, Sugar, Bread, Butter, and Milk [etc.].

1763 Pope’s Bath Chron. 22 Dec. 3/4 A few Days since a Duel was fought at a Place called the Hutt (an Inn where Gentlemen travelling this Way stop to bait, about seven Miles from this Town).

1837 Cambr. Chron. 6 May 1/4 The Trustees of the Old North Turnpike Road from Royston to Kisby's Hutt, are desirous of contracting for the supply of Road Materials.

1901 V. Brooke-Hunt Woman's Memories of War xii. 138 Cakes and certain eatables being sold at cost price. Naturally, the hut was well patronised.

1931 O. Lodge Advancing Sci. iii. 73 We walked by the rapids, and found Captain Webb's widow installed in a hut selling photographs.

1948 N. Devon Jrnl.-Herald 5 Aug. 5/1 Tea huts on the beach were also closed down all day.

2007 T: N.Y. Times Style Mag. 20 May 106/2 Bright young things crowd this waterside hut..for breakfast of organic fare.

c. British. A small, typically wooden, one-room cabin on or next to a beach, used for privacy or shelter while visiting the beach during the day; = beach hut n.

ΚΠ

1913 Essex County Chron. 11 July 3/6 (heading) Frinton beach action. Council and the huts.

1938 Devon & Exeter Gaz. 8 July 2/5 The height and strength of the sea..smashed all the huts against the King's Walk.

2014 Times 6 June (Bricks & Mortar section) 16/1 You cannot sleep in the hut overnight but you can rent it out for about £60 a day.

3. A shelter constructed by beavers as a living space; = lodge n. 9. Cf. house n.¹ 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > [noun] > family Castoridae (beaver) > lodge

lodge1567

hut1669

wash1809

beavery1877

1669 tr. O. Croll Treat. Signatures Internal Things 32 in tr. O. Croll Bazilica Chymica (1670) The same exquisite providence in the Beavers (being Animals using the water) is observed, who build Huts [L. casas], or dwelling places on the Banks, or Shores of Rivers, with two or more stories.

1722 D. Coxe Descr. Carolana 48 Most Parts of North-America have Beavours; you shall scarce meet with a Lake, where there are not some of their Dams and Hutts.

1830 E. T. Bennett Gardens & Menagerie Zool. Soc. I. 167 When the sheet of water they inhabit is merely kept up by a dam, they are..taken up by letting off the water, and leaving their huts completely dry.

1983 Boys' Life Apr. 10/3 Later, I took the canoe to a beaver's hut and heard the babies crying inside.

2020 Daily Miner & News (Kenora, Ont.) (Nexis) 19 Nov. (Final ed.) a14 Caution should be taken around any beaver huts anytime during the ice season. If..in an active hut, beavers will keep a spot open where they can pop out if they need to.

†4. The shell of a turtle or tortoise. Cf. earlier house n.¹ 3. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 122 Its [sc. a Sea-Tortoise] Head is loricated with Scales, the Neck reaching as far as the Hut, soft and undefensible.

5. A pin or plug closing the back of a musket or other gun; = breech-pin n. Also: the back end of this.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > parts and fittings of firearms > [noun] > breech > other parts of breech

base1626

bridge pin1686

breech-pin1727

finger-piece1767

tang1805

hut1848

breech-lever1862

breech-screw1862

plunger1866

shoe1866

breech-block1881

breech-plug1881

console1882

crossbar1884

obturator1891

tray1909

1848 G. F. Duckett Technol. Mil. Dict. (rev. ed.) 191/2 Hutt of the tail-pin, or breech-pin hutt.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Hutt, the breech-pin of a gun.

1868 Act 31 & 32 Victoria c. cxiii. Sched. B The Barrels..shall be smoothed in the finished State, with the Breeches in the percussioned State, Huts filed up.

2017 Antique Firearms Restoration Blog (Internet Archive Wayback Machine 22 Feb. 2017) I found a single old and very rusty twist barrel from a double percussion gun and removed the breech plug (called the ‘hut’). I have always been astonished that however old and rusty a gun is, once the initial joint of the hut in the barrel is broken, the thread will turn out to be in excellent shape.

Compounds

C1. General use in various types of compound, as in hut builder, hut door, hut-homestead, hut roof, etc.

ΚΠ

1805 P. Gass Jrnl. 11 Dec. (1807) 174 We continued at our hut-building.

1885 J. H. Ewing Story Short Life ii. 19 Simple and sociable ways of living, necessitated by hut-life in common.

1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 112 We made for a group of hut-homesteads and chatted with the inhabitants.

1906 Macmillan's Mag. Nov. 13 He went back to the fire, drawing the hut-door close.

1992 P. Theroux Happy Isles Oceania vi. 161 The invisible flying witches who perched in the trees and on the hut roofs and then swept to the ground.

2010 P. D. Schiff & A. Schiff How Econ. grows & why it Crashes 50 The diversified island economy soon gave rise to hut builders, canoe builders, wagon builders.

C2.

hut circle n. Archaeology (in upland regions of Britain and Ireland) a ring of stones or earth, or another circular feature in the terrain, interpreted as the site of a prehistoric hut.

ΚΠ

1830 S. Dixon Jrnl. Excursion Eastern & Southern Borders Dartmoor 3 Various remains of Celtic Antiquities, especially a portion of an avenue, and some fragments of a cairn; also, hut circles, trackways, &c.

1913 Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 205 The district is rich in prehistoric remains, including some hut circles.

2011 Archaeol. Ireland 25 11/2 The massive enclosure at Turlough Hill, with dozens of probable hut circles nearby, could date from any period in prehistory and awaits excavation.

hut cluster n. chiefly Archaeology and Social Anthropology a cluster of huts, esp. one arranged around a central open space; archaeological remains indicating the site of such a cluster.

ΚΠ

1873 Archæol. Jrnl. 30 336 Eight or ten hut-clusters, placed, with a view perhaps to greater security, in close proximity to each other.

1980 M. Shoard Theft of Countryside ii. viii. 76 The North York Moors are..thick with thousands of barrows and cairns, Bronze and Iron Age hut clusters, dykes and defences of all kinds, standing stones and stone circles.

2015 MailOnline (Nexis) 7 Mar. Some sites suggest that pre-Clovis people sometimes lived in hut clusters. Many were situated along the coastline, suggesting a marine lifestyle.

hut dwelling n. a hut used as a dwelling; (Archaeology) a prehistoric hut of this type, or remains interpreted as the site of such a hut.

ΚΠ

1829 G. R. Gleig Chelsea Pensioners I. 191 The one armed with a fowling-piece, the other with a rod and basket, sallied forth from their hut dwelling within the lines.

1862 Gentleman's Mag. Nov. 578 A large party started from Penzance, and passing through Gulval, drove out to the ancient British village of Chysauster, a most remarkable specimen of the stone hut dwellings of our forefathers.

1913 Man 13 9 The smaller circles were hut dwellings, cut down into the chalk.

2013 Proc. Seminar Arabian Stud. 43 66/1 Here sixth/fifth-millennium BC remains constitute the earliest evidence of settlement on the island in the form of hut dwellings and oyster-shell processing.

hut-shaped adj. having a shape resembling or characteristic of a hut.

ΚΠ

1837 H. H. Spry Mod. India I. ii. 57 Over the whole was perched a hut-shaped roof, made of reeds and broad leaves, sufficiently large to admit the man and his bedstead.

2003 Archaeol. Rep. for 2002–3 (Soc. for Promotion Hellenic Stud.) No. 49. 83/2 A hut-shaped tomb which contained a single burial.

† hut-shooter n. Obsolete (in France) a duck hunter who shoots from a hut or hide. [Apparently after French huttier (although this is first attested later in this sense: 1844 or earlier; 1788 or earlier denoting a person who lives in a hut; < hutte hut n.¹ + -ier -ier suffix).]

ΚΠ

1824 P. Hawker Instr. Young Sportsmen (ed. 3) 388 The waters here are rented by different ‘huttiers’ (hut-shooters), who get the chief of their livelihood by supplying the markets of Paris, and other towns, with wildfowl.

1923 J. C. Phillips Nat. Hist. Ducks II. 156 It is a rare game-bird, taken only occasionally in the decoy-pipes, and by the hut-shooters of the French marshes.

hut tax n. now historical (in southern Africa) a tax introduced in the 19th cent. and imposed on black people by various governments and authorities.So called because the tax was originally levied per hut or group of huts owned by the head of a family.

ΚΠ

1850 Manch. Courier 16 Feb. 238/3 The Zoolos and other native tribes, 180,000 in number, who are now restricted by law to certain localities, and subject to a hut tax, have not once been known, within the last two years, to commit any outrage on the white settlers.

1884 Nonconformist & Independent 28 Feb. 213/2 The cost..being defrayed by a hut-tax.

1969 Tanzania Notes & Rec. July 10 Every adult male native not liable to hut-tax..had to pay 1–3 rupees a year.

2000 G. Marinovich & J. Silva Bang-Bang Club (2001) vi. 81 Black families had to send men to the mines in order to earn the cash needed to pay poll-, hut- and even dog-taxes.

hut-to-hut adj. (a) (esp. of a search or inquiry) that involves going to a number of huts in an area in succession; cf. house-to-house at house n.¹ and int. Phrases 9; (b) designating or relating to an outdoor activity or event carried out over several days, in which participants use mountain huts situated along the route for accommodation, as in hut-to-hut skiing, hut-to-hut walking tour, etc.

ΚΠ

1872 Chambers's Jrnl. 13 Jan. 29/1 One or two of the most intimate companions of the dead make a ‘house-to-house’, or rather ‘hut-to-hut’ visitation, and state the case to the inhabitants, who rarely fail to respond to the appeal made to enable the body to be buried decently.

1949 Daily Tel. 13 Apr. 5/4 (advt.) Walking and mountaineering holidays in the Tyrol with the Austrian Alpine Club. The Silvretta Route—a high, hut to hut walking tour, 16 days.

1978 Zimbabwe News 10 37/3 Hut-to-hut searches are frequent and systematic. The police and army are omnipresent.

1982 Cumberland (Maryland) News 1 Jan. 6 a Hut to hut skiing has been introduced in Canada recently and has already proved to be a unique and enjoyable winter holiday.

2019 Guardian (Nexis) 8 Mar. (Travel section) New excursions this year include a..hut-to-hut hike across glaciers in Banff, Canada, and in Norway.

hut urn n. a prehistoric (esp. Etruscan) cinerary urn having the shape of a round hut with a conical roof; cf. house urn n.

ΚΠ

1848 G. Dennis Cities & Cemeteries Etruria I. i. 39 The cinerary hut-urns of Albano.

1869 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times (ed. 2) ii. 50 ‘Hut-urns’..or urns in the form of huts.

1991 P. James et al. Cent. of Darkness (1992) ii. 32 (caption) Villanovan hut-urn from Tarquinia in Etruria.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hut
释义	hutn.¹ Brit. /hʌt/, U.S. /hət/ Forms: 1500s huittes (plural), 1600s hutte, 1600s–1800s hutt, 1600s– hut. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French hutte. Etymology: < Middle French, French hutte small wooden cabin used as a temporary dwelling (12th or 13th cent. in an isolated attestation in Anglo-Norman with specific reference to a shepherd's hut, subsequently from the early 14th cent.), probably < Middle High German hütte , hutte (Old High German hutta , huttea ; German Hütte ), probably < the same Indo-European base as hide n.¹ and hide v.¹, with reference to the function of a hut as shelter. Compare earlier hotte n.¹ and see discussion at that entry.Further etymology. It was formerly widely assumed that the German noun was a suffixed derivative of the Indo-European base of Old Russian kutati to cover (Russian kutat′ to wrap up, to muffle), Bulgarian kătam I hide, Old Prussian kūnti he watches over, he protects, and that Old Church Slavonic kǫšta ‘hut, tent’ was derived from the same base. However, this suggestion presents formal difficulties, and it is uncertain whether the Balto-Slavonic words are related to each other. Parallels in other languages. The German word was also borrowed into other European languages. Compare Middle Dutch hutte (Dutch hut ), Old Saxon huttia (in glosses; Middle Low German hütte ), Old Swedish hytta (Swedish hytta ), and also post-classical Latin hutta (from late 13th cent. in British sources). The Germanic nouns, except Old Swedish hytta , are first attested in the sense ‘small dwelling or cabin’; Old Swedish hytta means ‘ironworks’ and is immediately < either Middle Low German hütte or Middle High German hütte , both of which show specific uses denoting cabins used by miners for accommodation or as metalworks. The specific military use (see sense 1a) is paralleled in German from the 15th cent., and in Dutch and French from the late 16th cent. (although quot. 1545 suggests earlier currency of the French noun in this sense). Specific senses. In sense 2c short for beach hut n. In sense 3 originally after post-classical Latin casa cottage, hut (see case n.²; 1634 in this sense, in the passage translated in quot. 1669). Compare also house n.¹ 3. 1. a. Military. A permanent or temporary building used as accommodation for military personnel. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military organization > logistics > quartering > [noun] > quarters > barracks > types of hut1545 serail1585 seraglio1600 horse guardsc1660 caserne1676 foot barracks1705 1545 in State Papers Henry VIII (1849) X. 609 The French armey..having broken up their campe and brent all their huittes, removed..towardes Arde. 1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 120 Within the Fort are many small houses or huts which lodge the Souldiers. 1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. ix. 521 Above a thousand Deal-boards, to make huts for the Soldiers. 1810 Minutes Evid. Exped. to Scheldt VIII. 255 Were there not upon the sand hills a number of huts or small barracks belonging to the French, in which their troops had remained? 1885 J. H. Ewing Story Short Life ii. 17 The huts for married men and officers were of varying degrees of comfort and homeliness, but those for single men were like toy-boxes of wooden soldiers. 1941 N. Coward Diary 1 Aug. (2000) 10 Michael [Redgrave] nearly had a fit when I pranced into his hut and everybody had to stand to attention. Had long discussion about RNFC [Royal Naval Film Corporation]. 2012 Taranaki (N.Z.) Daily News (Nexis) 21 May 9 The ridge that made up Marsland Hill also housed soldiers' huts and a parade ground. b. More generally: any of various types of building used as permanent or temporary accommodation, or for meetings, storage, etc.; a cottage, cabin, hall, etc.; (Australian) a building provided for the accommodation of convicts, or (in later use; also New Zealand) of farmhands or other employees.See also mountain hut n., ski-hut n., scout hut n., etc.In later use probably an extended use of sense 2a. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > types of building generally > [noun] > other types of building bridge house1319 searching housea1525 folly1591 engine house1626 hut1629 pot gallery1630 pantheon1713 government office1750 enclosure1754 substation1833 art centre1863 centre1884 arts centre1922 quadplex1946 quadruplex1946 bhavan1949 low-rise1965 quad1971 quadrominium1971 see-through1975 common house1989 1629 tr. S. Pelegromius Descr. S'hertogenbosh sig. A2^v In this Boscage the Duke had made a Cottage, aswell for his Dogges and Horses, when he went a hunting, as also for men to be at shelter from the raine and great heate... The Hunters of the Duke had made a Ditch round about this Hutte, for to be assured against the forces of their Enemies. 1793 J. Hunter Hist. Jrnl. Trans. Port Jackson 303 Each hut was to contain ten convicts. 1836 Hobart Town Almanack 69 I succeeded in hiring a hut of two apartments in one of the principal streets. 1844 Port Phillip Patriot (Melbourne) 11 July 1/3 At head station are a three-roomed hut, large kitchen, wool shed [etc.]. 1935 R. S. Odell Handbk. Arthur Pass National Park 20 They will no doubt be ultimately opened up by the formation of tracks and the erection of huts, and will then allow of the fullest exploitation of the winter sports attractions of the Park. 1936 Evening Tel. & Post (Dundee) 21 Sept. 2/4 Bridge of Earn Boy Scouts..have now taken possession of their new hut. 2012 Irish Times 25 Aug. (Mag.) 32/3 For the deluxe experience, you can book a tree-top cabin or lakeside hut. 2. a. A small dwelling or shelter of relatively simple or basic construction, esp. one made of locally available materials such as wood, grass, natural stone, mud, etc.See also grass hut n., log-hut n., mud hut n., shepherd's hut n., etc. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > hut or hovel > [noun] hulka1000 boothc1200 hull?c1225 lodge1290 hottea1325 holetc1380 tavern1382 scalea1400 schura1400 tugury1412 donjon?a1439 cabinc1440 coshc1490 cabinet1579 bully1598 crib1600 shed1600 hut1637 hovela1640 boorachc1660 barrack1686 bothy1750 corf1770 rancho1819 shanty1820 kraal1832 shelty1834 shackle1835 mia-mia1837 wickiup1838 caboose1839 chantier1849 hangar1852 caban1866 shebang1867 humpy1873 shack1878 hale1885 bach1927 jhuggi1927 favela1961 hokkie1973 1637 P. Vincent True Relation Late Battell 11 The space within is full of Wigwams... These huts or little houses are framed like our garden arbours,..covered with close wrought mats, made by their women of flagges, rushes, and hempen threds. 1658 J. Evelyn tr. N. de Bonnefons French Gardiner 100 A small hutt [Fr. Hutte] of ferne or straw. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World ii. 16 The next night came on before we could build more Hutts, so we lay straggling in the Woods. 1717 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 1 Apr. (1965) I. 320 Their Houses are nothing but little Huts rais'd of Dirt bak'd in the Sun. 1837 W. Irving Adventures Capt. Bonneville II. 219 They proceeded until they came to some Indian huts. 1893 Bookman June 86/1 Dining off black bread..in a Swiss peasant's hut. 1961 M. W. Barley Eng. Farmhouse & Cottage i. ii. 36 In Cumberland some sixty years ago barkpeelers built themselves huts which consisted of four poles lashed in pairs to support a ridge piece. 1968 G. Ogot in C. Achebe & C. L. Innes Afr. Short Stories (1987) 42 Nyagar entered his hut, searched for his medicine bag and found it in a corner. 2007 Independent 8 May (Extra section) 4/3 The ‘checkpoint’—a wooden guards' hut—remains, but the..land between Checkpoint Charlie and the old East is now a building site. b. A cabin, booth, or small building selling food, drink, or other goods. Originally (often in form hutt): spec. (British) a small roadside establishment selling food and drink; a small inn. Also with modifying word.In early use often in the names of such establishments. ΚΠ 1743 Daily Advertiser 30 June (advt.) At Spencer's Original Breakfasting Hut..may be had every Morning, except Sundays, fine Tea, Sugar, Bread, Butter, and Milk [etc.]. 1763 Pope’s Bath Chron. 22 Dec. 3/4 A few Days since a Duel was fought at a Place called the Hutt (an Inn where Gentlemen travelling this Way stop to bait, about seven Miles from this Town). 1837 Cambr. Chron. 6 May 1/4 The Trustees of the Old North Turnpike Road from Royston to Kisby's Hutt, are desirous of contracting for the supply of Road Materials. 1901 V. Brooke-Hunt Woman's Memories of War xii. 138 Cakes and certain eatables being sold at cost price. Naturally, the hut was well patronised. 1931 O. Lodge Advancing Sci. iii. 73 We walked by the rapids, and found Captain Webb's widow installed in a hut selling photographs. 1948 N. Devon Jrnl.-Herald 5 Aug. 5/1 Tea huts on the beach were also closed down all day. 2007 T: N.Y. Times Style Mag. 20 May 106/2 Bright young things crowd this waterside hut..for breakfast of organic fare. c. British. A small, typically wooden, one-room cabin on or next to a beach, used for privacy or shelter while visiting the beach during the day; = beach hut n. ΚΠ 1913 Essex County Chron. 11 July 3/6 (heading) Frinton beach action. Council and the huts. 1938 Devon & Exeter Gaz. 8 July 2/5 The height and strength of the sea..smashed all the huts against the King's Walk. 2014 Times 6 June (Bricks & Mortar section) 16/1 You cannot sleep in the hut overnight but you can rent it out for about £60 a day. 3. A shelter constructed by beavers as a living space; = lodge n. 9. Cf. house n.¹ 3. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > [noun] > family Castoridae (beaver) > lodge lodge1567 hut1669 wash1809 beavery1877 1669 tr. O. Croll Treat. Signatures Internal Things 32 in tr. O. Croll Bazilica Chymica (1670) The same exquisite providence in the Beavers (being Animals using the water) is observed, who build Huts [L. casas], or dwelling places on the Banks, or Shores of Rivers, with two or more stories. 1722 D. Coxe Descr. Carolana 48 Most Parts of North-America have Beavours; you shall scarce meet with a Lake, where there are not some of their Dams and Hutts. 1830 E. T. Bennett Gardens & Menagerie Zool. Soc. I. 167 When the sheet of water they inhabit is merely kept up by a dam, they are..taken up by letting off the water, and leaving their huts completely dry. 1983 Boys' Life Apr. 10/3 Later, I took the canoe to a beaver's hut and heard the babies crying inside. 2020 Daily Miner & News (Kenora, Ont.) (Nexis) 19 Nov. (Final ed.) a14 Caution should be taken around any beaver huts anytime during the ice season. If..in an active hut, beavers will keep a spot open where they can pop out if they need to. †4. The shell of a turtle or tortoise. Cf. earlier house n.¹ 3. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 122 Its [sc. a Sea-Tortoise] Head is loricated with Scales, the Neck reaching as far as the Hut, soft and undefensible. 5. A pin or plug closing the back of a musket or other gun; = breech-pin n. Also: the back end of this. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > parts and fittings of firearms > [noun] > breech > other parts of breech base1626 bridge pin1686 breech-pin1727 finger-piece1767 tang1805 hut1848 breech-lever1862 breech-screw1862 plunger1866 shoe1866 breech-block1881 breech-plug1881 console1882 crossbar1884 obturator1891 tray1909 1848 G. F. Duckett Technol. Mil. Dict. (rev. ed.) 191/2 Hutt of the tail-pin, or breech-pin hutt. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Hutt, the breech-pin of a gun. 1868 Act 31 & 32 Victoria c. cxiii. Sched. B The Barrels..shall be smoothed in the finished State, with the Breeches in the percussioned State, Huts filed up. 2017 Antique Firearms Restoration Blog (Internet Archive Wayback Machine 22 Feb. 2017) I found a single old and very rusty twist barrel from a double percussion gun and removed the breech plug (called the ‘hut’). I have always been astonished that however old and rusty a gun is, once the initial joint of the hut in the barrel is broken, the thread will turn out to be in excellent shape. Compounds C1. General use in various types of compound, as in hut builder, hut door, hut-homestead, hut roof, etc. ΚΠ 1805 P. Gass Jrnl. 11 Dec. (1807) 174 We continued at our hut-building. 1885 J. H. Ewing Story Short Life ii. 19 Simple and sociable ways of living, necessitated by hut-life in common. 1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 112 We made for a group of hut-homesteads and chatted with the inhabitants. 1906 Macmillan's Mag. Nov. 13 He went back to the fire, drawing the hut-door close. 1992 P. Theroux Happy Isles Oceania vi. 161 The invisible flying witches who perched in the trees and on the hut roofs and then swept to the ground. 2010 P. D. Schiff & A. Schiff How Econ. grows & why it Crashes 50 The diversified island economy soon gave rise to hut builders, canoe builders, wagon builders. C2. hut circle n. Archaeology (in upland regions of Britain and Ireland) a ring of stones or earth, or another circular feature in the terrain, interpreted as the site of a prehistoric hut. ΚΠ 1830 S. Dixon Jrnl. Excursion Eastern & Southern Borders Dartmoor 3 Various remains of Celtic Antiquities, especially a portion of an avenue, and some fragments of a cairn; also, hut circles, trackways, &c. 1913 Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 205 The district is rich in prehistoric remains, including some hut circles. 2011 Archaeol. Ireland 25 11/2 The massive enclosure at Turlough Hill, with dozens of probable hut circles nearby, could date from any period in prehistory and awaits excavation. hut cluster n. chiefly Archaeology and Social Anthropology a cluster of huts, esp. one arranged around a central open space; archaeological remains indicating the site of such a cluster. ΚΠ 1873 Archæol. Jrnl. 30 336 Eight or ten hut-clusters, placed, with a view perhaps to greater security, in close proximity to each other. 1980 M. Shoard Theft of Countryside ii. viii. 76 The North York Moors are..thick with thousands of barrows and cairns, Bronze and Iron Age hut clusters, dykes and defences of all kinds, standing stones and stone circles. 2015 MailOnline (Nexis) 7 Mar. Some sites suggest that pre-Clovis people sometimes lived in hut clusters. Many were situated along the coastline, suggesting a marine lifestyle. hut dwelling n. a hut used as a dwelling; (Archaeology) a prehistoric hut of this type, or remains interpreted as the site of such a hut. ΚΠ 1829 G. R. Gleig Chelsea Pensioners I. 191 The one armed with a fowling-piece, the other with a rod and basket, sallied forth from their hut dwelling within the lines. 1862 Gentleman's Mag. Nov. 578 A large party started from Penzance, and passing through Gulval, drove out to the ancient British village of Chysauster, a most remarkable specimen of the stone hut dwellings of our forefathers. 1913 Man 13 9 The smaller circles were hut dwellings, cut down into the chalk. 2013 Proc. Seminar Arabian Stud. 43 66/1 Here sixth/fifth-millennium BC remains constitute the earliest evidence of settlement on the island in the form of hut dwellings and oyster-shell processing. hut-shaped adj. having a shape resembling or characteristic of a hut. ΚΠ 1837 H. H. Spry Mod. India I. ii. 57 Over the whole was perched a hut-shaped roof, made of reeds and broad leaves, sufficiently large to admit the man and his bedstead. 2003 Archaeol. Rep. for 2002–3 (Soc. for Promotion Hellenic Stud.) No. 49. 83/2 A hut-shaped tomb which contained a single burial. † hut-shooter n. Obsolete (in France) a duck hunter who shoots from a hut or hide. [Apparently after French huttier (although this is first attested later in this sense: 1844 or earlier; 1788 or earlier denoting a person who lives in a hut; < hutte hut n.¹ + -ier -ier suffix).] ΚΠ 1824 P. Hawker Instr. Young Sportsmen (ed. 3) 388 The waters here are rented by different ‘huttiers’ (hut-shooters), who get the chief of their livelihood by supplying the markets of Paris, and other towns, with wildfowl. 1923 J. C. Phillips Nat. Hist. Ducks II. 156 It is a rare game-bird, taken only occasionally in the decoy-pipes, and by the hut-shooters of the French marshes. hut tax n. now historical (in southern Africa) a tax introduced in the 19th cent. and imposed on black people by various governments and authorities.So called because the tax was originally levied per hut or group of huts owned by the head of a family. ΚΠ 1850 Manch. Courier 16 Feb. 238/3 The Zoolos and other native tribes, 180,000 in number, who are now restricted by law to certain localities, and subject to a hut tax, have not once been known, within the last two years, to commit any outrage on the white settlers. 1884 Nonconformist & Independent 28 Feb. 213/2 The cost..being defrayed by a hut-tax. 1969 Tanzania Notes & Rec. July 10 Every adult male native not liable to hut-tax..had to pay 1–3 rupees a year. 2000 G. Marinovich & J. Silva Bang-Bang Club (2001) vi. 81 Black families had to send men to the mines in order to earn the cash needed to pay poll-, hut- and even dog-taxes. hut-to-hut adj. (a) (esp. of a search or inquiry) that involves going to a number of huts in an area in succession; cf. house-to-house at house n.¹ and int. Phrases 9; (b) designating or relating to an outdoor activity or event carried out over several days, in which participants use mountain huts situated along the route for accommodation, as in hut-to-hut skiing, hut-to-hut walking tour, etc. ΚΠ 1872 Chambers's Jrnl. 13 Jan. 29/1 One or two of the most intimate companions of the dead make a ‘house-to-house’, or rather ‘hut-to-hut’ visitation, and state the case to the inhabitants, who rarely fail to respond to the appeal made to enable the body to be buried decently. 1949 Daily Tel. 13 Apr. 5/4 (advt.) Walking and mountaineering holidays in the Tyrol with the Austrian Alpine Club. The Silvretta Route—a high, hut to hut walking tour, 16 days. 1978 Zimbabwe News 10 37/3 Hut-to-hut searches are frequent and systematic. The police and army are omnipresent. 1982 Cumberland (Maryland) News 1 Jan. 6 a Hut to hut skiing has been introduced in Canada recently and has already proved to be a unique and enjoyable winter holiday. 2019 Guardian (Nexis) 8 Mar. (Travel section) New excursions this year include a..hut-to-hut hike across glaciers in Banff, Canada, and in Norway. hut urn n. a prehistoric (esp. Etruscan) cinerary urn having the shape of a round hut with a conical roof; cf. house urn n. ΚΠ 1848 G. Dennis Cities & Cemeteries Etruria I. i. 39 The cinerary hut-urns of Albano. 1869 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times (ed. 2) ii. 50 ‘Hut-urns’..or urns in the form of huts. 1991 P. James et al. Cent. of Darkness (1992) ii. 32 (caption) Villanovan hut-urn from Tarquinia in Etruria. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). hutn.² Brit. /hʌt/, U.S. /hət/, Scottish English /hʌt/, Irish English /hʌt/ Forms: Scottish 1600s huittis (plural), 1700s hutt, 1700s– hut, 1900s– hot; Irish English (northern) 1900s– hud, 1900s– hut. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: hot n.² Etymology: Originally a variant of hot n.², now usually distinguished in form in the sense below. Scottish and Irish English (northern). Now rare. A small stack of grain or hay in a field. ΚΠ 1640 Brechin Test. V. 308 in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Huit Two huittis or ruikis of bear quhilk he estimatis to tuentie bollis bear. 1773 Let. to West Country Farmers 33 A hut of corn is a small clump or stack, resembling a hay quoil or rick; and consists of about forty, fifty, or more sheaves. 1940 Country Life 10 Aug. 127/2 A ‘cap’ of spread sheaves will add greatly to security if the ‘huts’ of sheaves are likely to be left out long. 1975 J. Y. Mather & H. H. Speitel Ling. Atlas Scotl. I. 259 Heap of hay (the first small heap, usually three feet high, made by haymakers), [Angus, Bute, East Lothian] Hut, [East Lothian, Dumfries] Hot, [Down] Hud. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). hutv.¹ Brit. /hʌt/, U.S. /hət/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion; originally modelled on a French lexical item. Etymon: hut n.¹ Etymology: < hut n.¹, originally after French hutter to provide (people) with accommodation in a hut or huts (1594 in Middle French), to construct and use huts as lodgings (1635, used reflexively). 1. transitive. To provide (people, esp. military personnel) with accommodation in a hut or huts, esp. for the winter; to construct a hut or huts for (troops, a military camp, etc.); (more generally) to billet, quarter. Often reflexive. ΚΠ 1638 H. Hexam tr. S. Marolois & A. Girard Art Fortification 28 The Captaines, after their souldiers are hutted [Fr. apres que les soldats sont huttez], build Hutts in the place, where their tents stood, being warmer, & cooler against the sunne, and more durable. 1652 C. Cotterell tr. G. de Costes de La Calprenède Cassandra iii. iii. 145 Souldiers who made an end of hutting themselves [Fr. se loger]. 1758 T. Smollett Hist. Eng. (1841) III. xxvi. 300 They were obliged to hut their camp, and remain in the open fields till January. 1834 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 35 758 We might have..been hutted..in some deplorable inn. 1894 J. Winsor Cartier to Frontenac 288 In the neighborhood there were a few New England Indians hutted for the winter. 1985 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 30 Dec. (Sports) 1 The officer lived in a natural cave in the hillside and his men ‘hutted’ themselves. †2. intransitive. To lodge or take shelter in a hut or huts; spec. (of military personnel) to construct and use huts as winter quarters. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting a type of place > inhabit type of place [verb (intransitive)] > dwell in or as in other buildings cabin1586 den1610 stable1651 hut1691 templea1711 bog-trota1734 sty1748 village1819 shanty1840 shack1895 flat1966 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting temporarily > [verb (intransitive)] > in winter winterc1384 hut1691 winter-quarter1693 winter1826 hibernate1865 overwinter1895 the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > take or seek refuge [verb (intransitive)] > take shelter > in specific place embower1591 hut1691 bank1865 1691 G. W. Story Impartial Hist. Occurr. Kingdom Ireland 27 This occasioned the General to say one day when he came to the Camp, and found that the Soldiers had not Hutted according to Orders, That we English-men will Fight, but we do not love to work. c1781 W. Beatty in Maryland Hist. Mag. 3 118 When I join'd the troops were Hutting, which they Compleated a few days after. 1881 J. E. H. Thomson Mem. G. Thomson ix. 126 At the end of the hamlet where we hutted, I observed a neat little fence. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). hutv.² Brit. /hʌt/, U.S. /hət/, Scottish English /hʌt/, Irish English /hʌt/ Forms: 1700s– hut, 1800s hute. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: hut n.² Etymology: < hut n.² Compare earlier hutting n.² Scottish and Irish English (northern). transitive. To put (grain or hay) into small stacks in a field. Cf. hut n.² ΚΠ 1773 Let. to West Country Farmers 34 (note) The common way of hutting corn. 1807 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. (new ed.) II. 794 Gaiting and hutting corn. 1945 Farmer's Gaz. (Dublin) 1 Sept. 509/2 One of the main reasons for hutting corn is that it provides the best means of drying the butts of the sheaves. 2003 Belfast News Let. (Nexis) 18 Oct. 58 A willing band of helpers were present on the evening to help to stook the sheaves and then hut them. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). hutint. Brit. /hʌt/, U.S. /hət/ A call to a horse (see quots.). Π 1856 Notes & Queries 2nd Ser. 1 395 When a horse forgets what he is doing, and becomes careless, he is reminded of his duty by a sharp hut. 1899 Pall Mall Mag. Feb. 262 ‘Hut, you beast!’ he added, as Englishmen do, when the mare nuzzled into his neck. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1545n.²1640v.¹1638v.²1773int.1856
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