icebergn.

Brit.

/ˈʌɪsbəːɡ/, U.S.

/ˈaɪsˌbərɡ/

Forms: 1700s– iceberg, 1700s– iceburg (now nonstandard).

Origin: Probably a borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch ijsberg.

Etymology: Probably < Dutch ijsberg, found in both senses 1 and 2 (Middle Dutch ijsberg ; < ijs ice n. + berg mountain, hill: see barrow n.¹), with substitution of ice n. for the first element. Probably also influenced by the equivalent word in other Germanic languages: compare German Eisberg (1676 in sense 2), Danish isbjerg (early modern Danish isbierg , isebierg ), Swedish isberg (Old Swedish isbiärgh ), all attested in both senses 1 and 2; compare also Middle Low German īsborch . Compare earlier ice mountain n., ice mount n., ice hill n.

†1. A glacier which comes close to the coast (esp. in the Arctic), and is seen from the sea as a hill or mound of ice. Cf. ice hill n. 1, ice mountain n. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > ice > body of ice > glacier > [noun] > close to coast > Arctic glacier

iceberg1773

1773 Gentleman's & London Mag. Nov. 706/2 At 8 A. M. we were abreast the seven Ice-bergs (so called by the Dutch). These are seven valleys filled with frozen snow unthawable, and so shaded by high hills on either side, that the sun has no power to dissolve them.

1774 Jrnl. Voy. under Com. Phipps 44 Of the ice-hills there are seven..These are known by the name of the seven ice-burgs, and are thought to be the highest of the kind in the country [sc. Spitzbergen].

1820 W. Scoresby Acct. Arctic Regions I. 101 The Iceberg..written Ysberg by the Dutch signifies ice-mountain. I speak not here of the islands of ice which are borne to southern climates on the bosom of the ocean, but of those prodigious lodgments of ice which occur in the valleys.

1821 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto IV c. 121 'Tis as a snowball which derives assistance From every flake, and yet rolls on the same, Even till an iceberg it may chance to grow.

1879 H. N. Moseley Notes by Naturalist on ‘Challenger’ ix. 227 This [beach on Heard Island]..is only accessible by land, and then only by crossing two glaciers or ‘ice-bergs’ as the sealers call them.

a. A large floating mass of ice, sometimes of immense size, typically detached from a glacier or ice sheet and drifting in the sea. Cf. ice-island n., island of ice n. at island n. 1c.Floating ice has about 88 per cent of its mass submerged; it is this property which has given rise to the uses described in sense 2b.tabular iceberg: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > ice > body of ice > iceberg > [noun]

island of ice1613

shoal1648

ice hill1694

ice rock1704

iceberg1784

mountain of ice1818

berg1823

1784 T. Pennant Arctic Zool. I. p. clxxviii A very deep streight opens a little opposite to Snæfelnas..: it is now almost entirely closed with ice, and annually fills the sea with the greatest icebergs, which are forced out of it.

1815 J. Laing Acct. Voy. Spitzbergen 64 These floating mountains of ice, to which Dutch navigators have given the name of Icebergs, and which are of all different magnitudes, are originally formed on land.

1835 J. Ross Narr. Second Voy. North-west Passage iv. 50 But one iceberg was seen to-day, and that a very small one.

1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. viii. 58 Ice-berg. [Note] This title is applied by many authors to ice masses either on shore or at sea. I restrict it to detached ice, in contradistinction to the glacier or ice in situ.

1873 A. A. B. Edwards Untrodden Peaks & Unfrequented Valleys vi. 138 The Drei Zinnen, belted by luminous bands of filmy horizontal cloud, look like icebergs afloat in a sea of golden mist.

1912 Minutes Evid. 22 May in Wreck Commissioner's Court Formal Investig. Loss SS ‘Titanic’ iv. 344/2 I come to another..message that was sent from the ‘Mesaba’ to the ‘Titanic’ and all east-bound ships... This is the message ‘Ice report In lat 42 N to 41 25 N long 49 W, to 50 30 W Saw much heavy pack ice, and great number large icebergs, also field ice Weather good, clear’.

1961 A. Defant Physical Oceanogr. viii. 274 The flat-topped Antarctic icebergs immerse to greater depths.

1985 R. Huntford Shackleton xix. 199 Four days later, the first icebergs appeared, gleaming dully like shields floating on the sea.

2002 Wanderlust Feb. 51/1 The..granite massif dominates the landscape, but you'll be distracted by the huge blue icebergs of Lake Grey.

b. In extended use: something of which the greater part is unknown or unrecognized. Chiefly in the tip of the (also an) iceberg and variants: the smaller, perceptible part of something (esp. a difficulty) which is evidently much larger. [In early use perhaps partly motivated by awareness of the sinking of the RMS Titanic when it was holed below the waterline in a collision with an iceberg in 1912 (see Titanic n.).]

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > [noun] > a difficulty > a largely unknown problem

iceberg1938

1916 A. J. Todd in Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. Sept. 159 We have to recognize that after all reason in men is only the very tip of their iceberg of mental life.

1938 Jrnl. Higher Educ. 9 238/1 The president..sees the glowing sunlit tip of the iceberg. Only the alumni secretary..senses the chill of its huge and submerged segment.

1942 D. Woodruff For Hilaire Belloc 193 The iceberg of existence is vaster, by many times in its hidden bulk, than what appears on the mid-day ocean.

1964 Observer 26 July 10/4 This..situation is illustrated by what is..called the iceberg of disease. Above the surface is the illness we know about.

1987 I. Rankin Knots & Crosses (1998) ii. xi. 74 He did some bouncing for pubs on Lothian Road and dubious drinking-dens around Leith, but that would be the tip of his earning iceberg.

2002 Focus May 87/2 Rumours of BSE equivalents in lamb and chicken are just the tip of the dodgy-eating iceberg.

3. figurative. A person possessing a cold, unemotional or unresponsive nature.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > [noun] > coldness or lack of warm feeling > person

icicle1648

frigot1683

frost piece1690

anthropolith1804

iceberg1840

touch-me-not1840

icebox1909

cold fish1941

1837 Evangelical Mag. 13 Oct. 321/3 He will be avoided as an ice-berg, that freezes up the flow of social feeling. A disposition of this character is to be avoided.]

1840 Lady C. M. C. Bury Hist. Flirt v Captain Thelwal is a perfect iceberg.

1882 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David VI. Ps. cxix. 79 We neither care for devout dunces nor for intellectual icebergs.

1928 M. Levin Reporter 95 At the start she's an iceberg. She doesn't let you even touch her hand until about the sixth time.

1991 J. Michael Sleeping Beauty xiv. 318 I told you: she's an iceberg.

Compounds

iceberg droppings n. Geology (now rare) boulders, gravel, etc., which are carried out to sea by icebergs and fall to the sea floor when the icebergs melt; cf. dropstone n. Additions.

ΚΠ

1871 J. Geikie in Geol. Mag. 8 546 If the Scottish Boulder-clay be neither iceberg droppings nor terminal moraine matter.., then it is hard to see what difficulty lies in the way of accepting Agassiz's theory.

1918 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 26 77 The only feasible explanation of the occurrence of these large rock fragments interbedded with the fine clay is that they are iceberg droppings.

2000 J. Bischof Ice Drift, Ocean Circulation & Climatic Change v. 25 Because of the erratic nature of iceberg rafting, dropping some stones here and some there, there was a need to demonstrate that these individual iceberg droppings had..created layers with relatively uniform petrographic composition of distinct geographic origin.

iceberg green adj. and n. (a) adj. that is of a light green colour resembling that of an iceberg; (b) n. this colour.

ΚΠ

1873 Boston Daily Globe 20 Mar. 8/3 A very attractive bonnet has a soft crown of iceberg green silk, and a feather of the same exquisite shade on the left side.

1895 Daily News 19 Jan. 8/2 One of the Polish dresses is in iceberg green cloth.

1917 New Country Life July 36/1 The Rocky Mountain wild flowers..grow underneath pink and red and purple precipices, and beside lakes of iceberg green.

2003 S. J. Naslund Four Spirits vi. 502 He glanced in the rearview mirror, and Stella turned to see a car, iceberg green, hurtle past.

iceberg lettuce n. originally U.S. a variety of lettuce with crisp light-green leaves.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > leaf vegetables > [noun] > lettuce > types of lettuce

cabbage lettuce?1537

minion1693

passion-lettuce1704

cos lettuce1706

lettuce cabbage1731

rabbit food1772

romaine1865

grass1867

iceberg lettuce1893

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > leaf vegetables > lettuce > types of

cabbage lettuce?1537

Roman lettuce1577

minion1693

passion-lettuce1704

cos lettuce1706

shell-lettuce1707

lettuce cabbage1731

Silesia1731

rabbit food1772

Tom Thumb1847

romaine1865

oak leaf1892

iceberg lettuce1893

mignonette1923

lollo biondo1987

lollo rosso1987

1893 Burpee's Farm Ann. 28 As long as our supply lasts we will send a sample packet of the iceberg lettuce free for trial.

1933 F. M. Farmer Boston Cooking-School Cook Bk. (rev. ed.) xxviii. 420 Iceberg or California Lettuce. Cut in halves or quarters. Remove hard center.

2007 R. Parsons How to Pick Peach 86 In almost every way you look at it, iceberg lettuce is nothing more than crunchy water.

Derivatives

ˈiceberger n. rare (a) figurative a cold and unresponsive person; (b) a person (or ship) sailing in seas where icebergs abound, or harvesting the ice from icebergs.

ΚΠ

1835 Relig. Inquirer & Gospel Anchor 14 Mar. 400/3 They are no longer a race of icebergers; they are warmed by an ardent love for the cause, and are letting their light shine before men.

1861 L. L. Noble After Icebergs 217 Captain Knight, an experienced iceberger.

1909 Outing Oct. 112/2 A iceberger [sic]..the same being a ship that hunts for icebergs in the summer so's to..sell 'em to the ice-houses.

ˈicebergship n. rare coldness, indifference.

ΚΠ

1842 United Service Mag. ii. 154 Many a fine fellow was doomed to fall, before official icebergship was thawed.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	iceberg
释义	icebergn. Brit. /ˈʌɪsbəːɡ/, U.S. /ˈaɪsˌbərɡ/ Forms: 1700s– iceberg, 1700s– iceburg (now nonstandard). Origin: Probably a borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch ijsberg. Etymology: Probably < Dutch ijsberg, found in both senses 1 and 2 (Middle Dutch ijsberg ; < ijs ice n. + berg mountain, hill: see barrow n.¹), with substitution of ice n. for the first element. Probably also influenced by the equivalent word in other Germanic languages: compare German Eisberg (1676 in sense 2), Danish isbjerg (early modern Danish isbierg , isebierg ), Swedish isberg (Old Swedish isbiärgh ), all attested in both senses 1 and 2; compare also Middle Low German īsborch . Compare earlier ice mountain n., ice mount n., ice hill n. †1. A glacier which comes close to the coast (esp. in the Arctic), and is seen from the sea as a hill or mound of ice. Cf. ice hill n. 1, ice mountain n. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > ice > body of ice > glacier > [noun] > close to coast > Arctic glacier iceberg1773 1773 Gentleman's & London Mag. Nov. 706/2 At 8 A. M. we were abreast the seven Ice-bergs (so called by the Dutch). These are seven valleys filled with frozen snow unthawable, and so shaded by high hills on either side, that the sun has no power to dissolve them. 1774 Jrnl. Voy. under Com. Phipps 44 Of the ice-hills there are seven..These are known by the name of the seven ice-burgs, and are thought to be the highest of the kind in the country [sc. Spitzbergen]. 1820 W. Scoresby Acct. Arctic Regions I. 101 The Iceberg..written Ysberg by the Dutch signifies ice-mountain. I speak not here of the islands of ice which are borne to southern climates on the bosom of the ocean, but of those prodigious lodgments of ice which occur in the valleys. 1821 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto IV c. 121 'Tis as a snowball which derives assistance From every flake, and yet rolls on the same, Even till an iceberg it may chance to grow. 1879 H. N. Moseley Notes by Naturalist on ‘Challenger’ ix. 227 This [beach on Heard Island]..is only accessible by land, and then only by crossing two glaciers or ‘ice-bergs’ as the sealers call them. 2. a. A large floating mass of ice, sometimes of immense size, typically detached from a glacier or ice sheet and drifting in the sea. Cf. ice-island n., island of ice n. at island n. 1c.Floating ice has about 88 per cent of its mass submerged; it is this property which has given rise to the uses described in sense 2b.tabular iceberg: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > ice > body of ice > iceberg > [noun] island of ice1613 shoal1648 ice hill1694 ice rock1704 iceberg1784 mountain of ice1818 berg1823 1784 T. Pennant Arctic Zool. I. p. clxxviii A very deep streight opens a little opposite to Snæfelnas..: it is now almost entirely closed with ice, and annually fills the sea with the greatest icebergs, which are forced out of it. 1815 J. Laing Acct. Voy. Spitzbergen 64 These floating mountains of ice, to which Dutch navigators have given the name of Icebergs, and which are of all different magnitudes, are originally formed on land. 1835 J. Ross Narr. Second Voy. North-west Passage iv. 50 But one iceberg was seen to-day, and that a very small one. 1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. viii. 58 Ice-berg. [Note] This title is applied by many authors to ice masses either on shore or at sea. I restrict it to detached ice, in contradistinction to the glacier or ice in situ. 1873 A. A. B. Edwards Untrodden Peaks & Unfrequented Valleys vi. 138 The Drei Zinnen, belted by luminous bands of filmy horizontal cloud, look like icebergs afloat in a sea of golden mist. 1912 Minutes Evid. 22 May in Wreck Commissioner's Court Formal Investig. Loss SS ‘Titanic’ iv. 344/2 I come to another..message that was sent from the ‘Mesaba’ to the ‘Titanic’ and all east-bound ships... This is the message ‘Ice report In lat 42 N to 41 25 N long 49 W, to 50 30 W Saw much heavy pack ice, and great number large icebergs, also field ice Weather good, clear’. 1961 A. Defant Physical Oceanogr. viii. 274 The flat-topped Antarctic icebergs immerse to greater depths. 1985 R. Huntford Shackleton xix. 199 Four days later, the first icebergs appeared, gleaming dully like shields floating on the sea. 2002 Wanderlust Feb. 51/1 The..granite massif dominates the landscape, but you'll be distracted by the huge blue icebergs of Lake Grey. b. In extended use: something of which the greater part is unknown or unrecognized. Chiefly in the tip of the (also an) iceberg and variants: the smaller, perceptible part of something (esp. a difficulty) which is evidently much larger. [In early use perhaps partly motivated by awareness of the sinking of the RMS Titanic when it was holed below the waterline in a collision with an iceberg in 1912 (see Titanic n.).] ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > [noun] > a difficulty > a largely unknown problem iceberg1938 1916 A. J. Todd in Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. Sept. 159 We have to recognize that after all reason in men is only the very tip of their iceberg of mental life. 1938 Jrnl. Higher Educ. 9 238/1 The president..sees the glowing sunlit tip of the iceberg. Only the alumni secretary..senses the chill of its huge and submerged segment. 1942 D. Woodruff For Hilaire Belloc 193 The iceberg of existence is vaster, by many times in its hidden bulk, than what appears on the mid-day ocean. 1964 Observer 26 July 10/4 This..situation is illustrated by what is..called the iceberg of disease. Above the surface is the illness we know about. 1987 I. Rankin Knots & Crosses (1998) ii. xi. 74 He did some bouncing for pubs on Lothian Road and dubious drinking-dens around Leith, but that would be the tip of his earning iceberg. 2002 Focus May 87/2 Rumours of BSE equivalents in lamb and chicken are just the tip of the dodgy-eating iceberg. 3. figurative. A person possessing a cold, unemotional or unresponsive nature. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > [noun] > coldness or lack of warm feeling > person icicle1648 frigot1683 frost piece1690 anthropolith1804 iceberg1840 touch-me-not1840 icebox1909 cold fish1941 1837 Evangelical Mag. 13 Oct. 321/3 He will be avoided as an ice-berg, that freezes up the flow of social feeling. A disposition of this character is to be avoided.] 1840 Lady C. M. C. Bury Hist. Flirt v Captain Thelwal is a perfect iceberg. 1882 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David VI. Ps. cxix. 79 We neither care for devout dunces nor for intellectual icebergs. 1928 M. Levin Reporter 95 At the start she's an iceberg. She doesn't let you even touch her hand until about the sixth time. 1991 J. Michael Sleeping Beauty xiv. 318 I told you: she's an iceberg. Compounds iceberg droppings n. Geology (now rare) boulders, gravel, etc., which are carried out to sea by icebergs and fall to the sea floor when the icebergs melt; cf. dropstone n. Additions. ΚΠ 1871 J. Geikie in Geol. Mag. 8 546 If the Scottish Boulder-clay be neither iceberg droppings nor terminal moraine matter.., then it is hard to see what difficulty lies in the way of accepting Agassiz's theory. 1918 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 26 77 The only feasible explanation of the occurrence of these large rock fragments interbedded with the fine clay is that they are iceberg droppings. 2000 J. Bischof Ice Drift, Ocean Circulation & Climatic Change v. 25 Because of the erratic nature of iceberg rafting, dropping some stones here and some there, there was a need to demonstrate that these individual iceberg droppings had..created layers with relatively uniform petrographic composition of distinct geographic origin. iceberg green adj. and n. (a) adj. that is of a light green colour resembling that of an iceberg; (b) n. this colour. ΚΠ 1873 Boston Daily Globe 20 Mar. 8/3 A very attractive bonnet has a soft crown of iceberg green silk, and a feather of the same exquisite shade on the left side. 1895 Daily News 19 Jan. 8/2 One of the Polish dresses is in iceberg green cloth. 1917 New Country Life July 36/1 The Rocky Mountain wild flowers..grow underneath pink and red and purple precipices, and beside lakes of iceberg green. 2003 S. J. Naslund Four Spirits vi. 502 He glanced in the rearview mirror, and Stella turned to see a car, iceberg green, hurtle past. iceberg lettuce n. originally U.S. a variety of lettuce with crisp light-green leaves. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > leaf vegetables > [noun] > lettuce > types of lettuce cabbage lettuce?1537 minion1693 passion-lettuce1704 cos lettuce1706 lettuce cabbage1731 rabbit food1772 romaine1865 grass1867 iceberg lettuce1893 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > leaf vegetables > lettuce > types of cabbage lettuce?1537 Roman lettuce1577 minion1693 passion-lettuce1704 cos lettuce1706 shell-lettuce1707 lettuce cabbage1731 Silesia1731 rabbit food1772 Tom Thumb1847 romaine1865 oak leaf1892 iceberg lettuce1893 mignonette1923 lollo biondo1987 lollo rosso1987 1893 Burpee's Farm Ann. 28 As long as our supply lasts we will send a sample packet of the iceberg lettuce free for trial. 1933 F. M. Farmer Boston Cooking-School Cook Bk. (rev. ed.) xxviii. 420 Iceberg or California Lettuce. Cut in halves or quarters. Remove hard center. 2007 R. Parsons How to Pick Peach 86 In almost every way you look at it, iceberg lettuce is nothing more than crunchy water. Derivatives ˈiceberger n. rare (a) figurative a cold and unresponsive person; (b) a person (or ship) sailing in seas where icebergs abound, or harvesting the ice from icebergs. ΚΠ 1835 Relig. Inquirer & Gospel Anchor 14 Mar. 400/3 They are no longer a race of icebergers; they are warmed by an ardent love for the cause, and are letting their light shine before men. 1861 L. L. Noble After Icebergs 217 Captain Knight, an experienced iceberger. 1909 Outing Oct. 112/2 A iceberger [sic]..the same being a ship that hunts for icebergs in the summer so's to..sell 'em to the ice-houses. ˈicebergship n. rare coldness, indifference. ΚΠ 1842 United Service Mag. ii. 154 Many a fine fellow was doomed to fall, before official icebergship was thawed. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1773
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