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单词 incentive
释义

incentiveadj.n.

Brit. /ɪnˈsɛntɪv/, U.S. /ᵻnˈsɛn(t)ɪv/
Etymology: < Latin incentīvus setting the tune, inciting, < incinĕre : see incention n. In sense A. 2, apparently confounded with incensive adj. and n., and other derivatives of Latin incendĕre to kindle, set on fire.
A. adj.
1. Having the quality of inciting or arousing to feeling or action; provocative, exciting.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > motivation > [adjective] > inciting or instigating
stirring1421
movingc1443
provokingc1443
incitative1490
urgent1559
propulsory1585
pricking1592
pulsive1602
incentive1603
incitatory1610
urging1612
animalizing1617
impellent1620
irritant1636
instigative1644
propulsive1648
promptive1653
parastatic1656
exstimulatory1657
impulsory1659
appelling1666
irritative1686
instigating1702
spurring1702
stimulatinga1732
stimulatory1758
impulsive1788
stimulant1803
stimulative1836
exertivea1856
inciting1855
incitant1886
incitive1888
on-driving1927
incitory1941
1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1143 Pythia the Priestresse of Apollo, being once come downe from her three footed fabricke, upon which she receiveth that incentive spirit of furie, remaineth quiet.
1660 tr. M. Amyraut Treat. conc. Relig. i. vii. 109 Embellish'd with many beauties incentive of our Love.
1677 W. Hubbard Narr. Troubles with Indians New-Eng. Postscr. 10 Instances of this nature should be Incentive unto us, to bless the Father of Lights.
1742 R. North & M. North Life F. North 177 The Lord Shaftsbury..made an incentive Speech in the House of Lords.
1864 Reader No. 92. 405/2 Pleasing and incentive..to.. our mental faculties.
1866 R. S. Candlish 1st Epist. John ix. 104 It is a stimulus and incentive impulse.
2. Having the property of kindling or setting on fire. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > [adjective] > setting on fire or alight > having quality of
combustive1653
incentive1667
fire-kindling1674
inflammative1730
inflammatory1757
conflagratory1831
fire-setting1833
incendive1959
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 519 Part incentive reed Provide, pernicious with one touch to fire. View more context for this quotation
1708 J. Philips Cyder i. (Seager) The cavern'd ground, With grain incentive [gunpowder] stor'd, by sudden blaze Bursts fatal.
3. Of or pertaining to a system of payments, concessions, etc., to encourage harder work or a particular choice of work.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > business affairs > management methods or systems > [adjective] > other methods or systems
functional1903
functionalized1908
Taylor1911
incentive1943
Taylorized1957
managerialist1965
divisionalized1976
kanban system1977
Taylorizing1979
JIT1984
just-in-time1984
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for labour or service > [adjective] > types of payment
fallback1895
portal-to-portal1936
incentive1943
straight-time1944
over-award1950
1943 Reader's Digest Aug. 11/1 Mr. Charles E. Wilson..is urging war industries to adopt ‘incentive pay’—that is, to pay workers more if they produce more.
1948 Ann. Reg. 1947 283 In an effort to increase foreign trading various incentives were offered to exporters..a proportion of the foreign exchange..for the purchase of raw materials,..and ‘incentive’ goods for their workers.
1951 Engineering 2 Mar. 245/2 The body of the book is concerned with a description of the [‘Armstrong Merit Sharing’] scheme... A series of ‘requirements’ is laid down to which it is considered that any incentive scheme should conform.
1952 ‘Vigilans’ Chamber of Horrors 72 Incentive bonus, a bonus in advance as an encouragement, for workers, to work.
1957 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 272/1 For a substantial number of wage earners compensation is defined in terms not of time units but of output, under various types of incentive systems.
1957 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 272/2 The essential characteristic of an incentive wage rate structure is that payment depends on output rather than work time.
1966 T. Lupton Managem. & Social Sci. ii. 53 These [group controls] were turned mainly to the manipulation of the incentive payment system.
1967 G. F. Fiennes I tried to run Railway iv. 31 Work Study became synonymous with incentive payments.
B. n.
1. [ < Latin incentīvum.] Something that arouses feeling, or incites to action; an exciting cause or motive; an incitement, provocation, ‘spur’.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > incitement or instigation > that which incites or instigates
prickleOE
pritchOE
alighting1340
brodc1375
bellowsc1386
pricka1387
motivec1390
prompting1402
preparativec1450
stirmentc1460
incentive?a1475
fomenta1500
farda1522
instigation1526
pointing1533
swinge1548
spur1551
whetstone1551
goad1567
promptitude1578
alarm1587
inducement1593
solicitor1594
incitement1596
inflammation1597
instance1597
excitement1604
moving spirit1604
heart-blood1606
inflamer1609
rouser1611
stimulator1614
motioner1616
incensivea1618
incitative1620
incitation1622
whettera1625
impulsivea1628
excitation1628
incendiary1628
dispositive1629
fomentationa1631
switch1630
stirrer1632
irritament1634
provocative1638
impetus1641
driving force1642
driving power1642
engagement1642
firer1653
propellant1654
fomentary1657
impulse1660
urgency1664
impeller1686
fillip1699
shove1724
incitive1736
stimulative1747
bonus1787
stimulus1791
impellent1793
stimulant1794
propulsion1800
instigant1833
propulsive1834
motive power1836
evoker1845
motivity1857
afflatus1865
flip1881
urge1882
agent provocateur1888
will to power1896
a shot in the arm1922
motivator1929
driver1971
co-driver1993
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 5 The incentiue of manhode.
1612 J. Selden in M. Drayton Poly-olbion vi. Illustr. 97 A musicall incentiue to warre.
1638 F. Rous Heavenly Acad. i. 5 Let the precept and patternes of vertues,..serve for spurs and incentives to grace.
1665 R. Boyle Disc. i. iii, in Occas. Refl. sig. B5v Incentives to inflame our hearts with Charity and Zeal.
1713 R. Steele Englishman No. 50. 329 This Paper is principally designed as an Incentive to the Love of our Country.
1849 D. M. Mulock Ogilvies viii With men of Lynedon's character opposition is often the greatest incentive to love.
2. An incentive payment, scheme, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for labour or service > [noun] > extra payments
lowancea1325
bonus1759
understanding1826
reach1851
talent money1859
trip money1891
poundage1892
proficiency pay1906
loading1937
weighting1946
incentive1948
holiday loading1986
the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > incitement or instigation > that which incites or instigates > payment, scheme, etc.
bribe1824
incentive1948
reward1983
1948 [see sense A. 3].
1956 C. A. Hickman & M. H. Kuhn Individuals, Groups & Econ. Behavior ii. 50 Debate about this central question has hinged in large part on the issue of incentives.
1956 C. A. Hickman & M. H. Kuhn Individuals, Groups & Econ. Behavior ii. 60 Gordon enumerates several nonfinancial incentives of some apparent importance, including power, prestige, and security.
1960 H. C. Wallich Cost of Freedom iii. 81 This leaves us with incentives in the narrower sense as the third element in the triad of forces upon which we rely to call forth initiative and effort.
1960 H. C. Wallich Cost of Freedom iii. 89 Labor and management performance is not the only place where we must look for the effects of incentives.

Derivatives

inˈcentively adv. incitingly.
ΚΠ
1856 in Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.?a1475
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