asbestosn.

Brit.

/asˈbɛstəs/,

/asˈbɛstɒs/,

/azˈbɛstəs/,

/azˈbɛstɒs/, U.S.

/æsˈbɛstəs/,

/æzˈbɛstəs/,

/əsˈbɛstəs/,

/əzˈbɛstəs/

Forms: α. Middle English–1700s asbeston, abeston, Middle English abiston, Middle English–1600s albeston(e; β. 1500s absistos, 1600s asphestus, 1600s–1800s asbestos, asbestus; γ. 1700s abestos, abistos; δ. 1600s abbest, 1600s– asbest.

Etymology: The modern form is < Latin asbestos (modern Latin asbestus), < Greek ἄσβεστος, prop. adjective ‘inextinguishable, unquenchable,’ < ἀ not + σβεστός, < σβεννύναι to quench. Old French had also, adopted < Latin, asbestos, later abestos, whence an English form abestos; but the common Old French form was < Latin accusative asbeston, phonetically changed to abeston, and (by confusion with albus white) albeston; hence the earlier English forms asbeston, abeston, abiston, albeston, and (by assimilation to stone) albestone. Modern French is asbeste, formerly also abeste, whence English abest, abbest, asbest. The current form is asbestos; asˈbest, ˈasbest remain in poetry.As a noun asbestos was applied by Dioscorides to quicklime (‘unslaked’). Subsequently applied by Pliny to an incombustible fibre, which he believed to be vegetable, but which was really the amiantos of the Greeks. Since the identification of this, asbestos has been a more popular synonymn for amiantus or amiant.

†1. ‘The unquenchable stone’; a fabulous stone, the heat of which, when once kindled, was alleged to be unquenchable. (A distorted reference to the phenomena observed in pouring cold water on quick lime.) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > alchemy > other alchemical substances or theories > [noun] > asbestos

asbestos1387

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > fire or flame > [noun] > state of being unquenchable > that which is

asbestos1387

salamander stone1583

1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls Ser.) 187 Asbeston þat wil neuere quenche, be it ones i-tend.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. xi. 835 Abestone is a stoon of Archadia wiþ iren coloure and haþ þat name of fyre for if it is ones ytend it is neuere yqueynt.

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) i. l. 1274 A stane is þar [sc. Greece] callit albestone Þat may on na wysse slokynnyt be.

1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 2 Albeston is a stone of Archadie.

1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 2 b The precious stone Absistos..being once heate, keepeth hote seauen whole dayes.

1627 H. Burton Baiting Popes Bull 63 The stone Asbestos..once inflamed, cannot be quenched againe.

1632 Guillim's Display of Heraldrie (ed. 2) iv. ix. 301 A certaine kinde of stone that is found in Arcadia..called Asphestus.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. i. 41 The Albeston stone, is of an Iron colour growing in Arcadia; which being once set on fire, can never after be quenched or put out.

1750 tr. C. Leonardus Mirror of Stones 70 Abeston or Abestus..from its being inextinguishable.

†2. An alleged kind of incombustible flax. Obsolete.An erroneous notion of the mineral substance in sense 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > flax, hemp, or jute > [noun] > incombustible

asbestosa1661

a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 207 A sheet made of a kind of flax, call'd asbestinum, and asbeston..of that nature, that it is not consum'd, but only cleans'd, by the fire.

1734 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. I. 63 Pliny..gives the first place to the Asbeston or Asbestinum (i.e. the incombustible flax).

3. A mineral of fibrous texture, capable of being woven into an incombustible fabric; amiant n. or amianthus n. In Mineralogy applied more widely than Amiantus, to all fibrous varieties of Hornblende or Amphibole, and of Pyroxene; Amiantus being specifically the finest Hornblende Asbestos, distinguished by its long silky fibres, usually pearly white.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > mineral material > [noun] > asbestos

asbestos1608

salamander wool1626

salamander1668

salamander's hair1728

byssus1864

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [noun] > asbestos

quick-line1601

asbestos1608

earth flax1649

thrum-stone1681

fossil linen1797

cork-fossil1806

fossil cork1859

mountain-cork1859

rock-cork1859

byssus1864

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > inosilicates single chain > [noun] > pyroxene > other pyroxenes

asbestos1608

baikalite1794

basaltin1794

Labrador hornblende1794

coccolite1801

omphacite1821

jeffersonite1822

lherzolite1823

hudsonite1842

chladnite1850

funkite1850

picrophyll1854

lavrovite1868

breislakite1869

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [noun] > asbestos > amiantus

amiant1420

asbestos1608

amiantus1668

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > phyllosilicate > [noun] > serpentine > fibrous

asbestos1608

earth flax1649

thrum-stone1681

picrolite1816

chrysotile1850

byssus1864

1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 219 This kinde of webbe rather commeth of a kind of flaxe that Pliny writeth of, or rather of the Amiantus-stone, called the Asbest, which..beeing cast into a fire, seemes to be forthwith all in a flame, but beeing taken out againe, it shyneth the more gloriously.

1609 T. Heywood Troia Britanica i. lxviii An abbest stone into the bole was brayed.

1667 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 486 Of Asbestus, that can be drawn and spun.

1784 J. Wedgwood in Philos. Trans. 1783 (Royal Soc.) 73 286 Filaments..of asbestos, which suffer no change in a moderate red heat.

1830 R. Southey in Fraser's Mag. Apr. 256 With amianth he lined the nest, And incombustible asbest.

1876 T. Bryant Pract. Surg. (ed. 2) I. iii. 129 Nitric acid applied on lint or asbestos.

1879 F. Rutley Study of Rocks x. 131 Asbestus or amianthus is a fibrous variety of pyroxene, occurring in white silky fibres.

4. figurative.

ΚΠ

1831 T. Carlyle in Edinb. Rev. Mar. 180 Woe to him whose Edifice is not built of true Asbest.

1835 E. Greswell Expos. Parables V. ii. 414 Religion's holy lamp: Unspent to burn, with sacred asbest fed.

Compounds

C1. attributive (literal and figurative).

ΚΠ

a1592 R. Greene Comicall Hist. Alphonsus (1599) ii. sig. C4 My minde is like to the Abeston stone.

1762 G. Gordon Let. 21 June in Notes & Queries (1906) 10th Ser. V. 208/1 Manner of making asbestos paper.

c1795 R. Southey Love Elegies ii, in Wks. II. 123 Fly, Salamanders, on Asbestos' wings, To wanton in my Delia's fiery glance.

1861 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock 83 Asbestos stoves, gas cooking ranges.

1920 Blackwood's Mag. Mar. 336/2 The great asbestos-lagged exhaust from the oil-engines.

1944 Coast to Coast 1943 165 The walls were asbestos-lined.

1964 N. Freeling Double-barrel iii. 99 She..moved the asbestos mats..and clanked the lid back on the pot.

C2.

asbestos cement n. a mixture of asbestos and cement moulded into sheets, pipes, etc., and used as a building and insulating material.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > cement or mortar > [noun] > asbestos cement

asbestos cement1890

Uralite1899

Poilite1903

fibro-cement1927

fibro1953

1890 R. H. Jones Asbestos viii. 140 Asbestos cement is also very largely used for covering boilers, steam-pipes, hot-blast furnaces, and stills.

1933 Archit. Rev. 74 facing p. 47 (caption) The variety of colour in the different plywood, plaster board and asbestos cement coverings placed on the steel pavilions.

asbestos cloth n. a cloth woven from asbestos fibres.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from mineral based fibres > [noun]

amiant1420

salamander-cloth1841

asbestos cloth1857

1857 R. Hunt Guide Mus. Pract. Geol. 242 Asbestus [1859 (ed. 2) asbestos] cloth..may be exposed to the fire without being consumed.

asbestos curtain n. (in a theatre) a safety curtain made of asbestos and other fire-proof material.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > theatrical equipment or accessories > [noun] > curtain

curtain1598

drop1781

iron curtain1794

green curtain1805

greeny1821

tableau curtain1830

drop-curtain1832

rag1848

hipping1858

cloth1881

safety curtain1881

asbestos curtain1890

olio1923

tab1929

sail curtain1941

iron1951

swag1959

1890 R. H. Jones Asbestos ix. 153 M. Henry Irving..laid special stress on the necessity of shutting off the stage from the auditorium by means of an asbestos curtain.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	asbestos
释义	asbestosn. Brit. /asˈbɛstəs/, /asˈbɛstɒs/, /azˈbɛstəs/, /azˈbɛstɒs/, U.S. /æsˈbɛstəs/, /æzˈbɛstəs/, /əsˈbɛstəs/, /əzˈbɛstəs/ Forms: α. Middle English–1700s asbeston, abeston, Middle English abiston, Middle English–1600s albeston(e; β. 1500s absistos, 1600s asphestus, 1600s–1800s asbestos, asbestus; γ. 1700s abestos, abistos; δ. 1600s abbest, 1600s– asbest. Etymology: The modern form is < Latin asbestos (modern Latin asbestus), < Greek ἄσβεστος, prop. adjective ‘inextinguishable, unquenchable,’ < ἀ not + σβεστός, < σβεννύναι to quench. Old French had also, adopted < Latin, asbestos, later abestos, whence an English form abestos; but the common Old French form was < Latin accusative asbeston, phonetically changed to abeston, and (by confusion with albus white) albeston; hence the earlier English forms asbeston, abeston, abiston, albeston, and (by assimilation to stone) albestone. Modern French is asbeste, formerly also abeste, whence English abest, abbest, asbest. The current form is asbestos; asˈbest, ˈasbest remain in poetry.As a noun asbestos was applied by Dioscorides to quicklime (‘unslaked’). Subsequently applied by Pliny to an incombustible fibre, which he believed to be vegetable, but which was really the amiantos of the Greeks. Since the identification of this, asbestos has been a more popular synonymn for amiantus or amiant. †1. ‘The unquenchable stone’; a fabulous stone, the heat of which, when once kindled, was alleged to be unquenchable. (A distorted reference to the phenomena observed in pouring cold water on quick lime.) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > alchemy > other alchemical substances or theories > [noun] > asbestos asbestos1387 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > fire or flame > [noun] > state of being unquenchable > that which is asbestos1387 salamander stone1583 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls Ser.) 187 Asbeston þat wil neuere quenche, be it ones i-tend. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. xi. 835 Abestone is a stoon of Archadia wiþ iren coloure and haþ þat name of fyre for if it is ones ytend it is neuere yqueynt. a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) i. l. 1274 A stane is þar [sc. Greece] callit albestone Þat may on na wysse slokynnyt be. 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 2 Albeston is a stone of Archadie. 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 2 b The precious stone Absistos..being once heate, keepeth hote seauen whole dayes. 1627 H. Burton Baiting Popes Bull 63 The stone Asbestos..once inflamed, cannot be quenched againe. 1632 Guillim's Display of Heraldrie (ed. 2) iv. ix. 301 A certaine kinde of stone that is found in Arcadia..called Asphestus. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. i. 41 The Albeston stone, is of an Iron colour growing in Arcadia; which being once set on fire, can never after be quenched or put out. 1750 tr. C. Leonardus Mirror of Stones 70 Abeston or Abestus..from its being inextinguishable. †2. An alleged kind of incombustible flax. Obsolete.An erroneous notion of the mineral substance in sense 3. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > flax, hemp, or jute > [noun] > incombustible asbestosa1661 a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 207 A sheet made of a kind of flax, call'd asbestinum, and asbeston..of that nature, that it is not consum'd, but only cleans'd, by the fire. 1734 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. I. 63 Pliny..gives the first place to the Asbeston or Asbestinum (i.e. the incombustible flax). 3. A mineral of fibrous texture, capable of being woven into an incombustible fabric; amiant n. or amianthus n. In Mineralogy applied more widely than Amiantus, to all fibrous varieties of Hornblende or Amphibole, and of Pyroxene; Amiantus being specifically the finest Hornblende Asbestos, distinguished by its long silky fibres, usually pearly white. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > mineral material > [noun] > asbestos asbestos1608 salamander wool1626 salamander1668 salamander's hair1728 byssus1864 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [noun] > asbestos quick-line1601 asbestos1608 earth flax1649 thrum-stone1681 fossil linen1797 cork-fossil1806 fossil cork1859 mountain-cork1859 rock-cork1859 byssus1864 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > inosilicates single chain > [noun] > pyroxene > other pyroxenes asbestos1608 baikalite1794 basaltin1794 Labrador hornblende1794 coccolite1801 omphacite1821 jeffersonite1822 lherzolite1823 hudsonite1842 chladnite1850 funkite1850 picrophyll1854 lavrovite1868 breislakite1869 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [noun] > asbestos > amiantus amiant1420 asbestos1608 amiantus1668 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > phyllosilicate > [noun] > serpentine > fibrous asbestos1608 earth flax1649 thrum-stone1681 picrolite1816 chrysotile1850 byssus1864 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 219 This kinde of webbe rather commeth of a kind of flaxe that Pliny writeth of, or rather of the Amiantus-stone, called the Asbest, which..beeing cast into a fire, seemes to be forthwith all in a flame, but beeing taken out againe, it shyneth the more gloriously. 1609 T. Heywood Troia Britanica i. lxviii An abbest stone into the bole was brayed. 1667 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 486 Of Asbestus, that can be drawn and spun. 1784 J. Wedgwood in Philos. Trans. 1783 (Royal Soc.) 73 286 Filaments..of asbestos, which suffer no change in a moderate red heat. 1830 R. Southey in Fraser's Mag. Apr. 256 With amianth he lined the nest, And incombustible asbest. 1876 T. Bryant Pract. Surg. (ed. 2) I. iii. 129 Nitric acid applied on lint or asbestos. 1879 F. Rutley Study of Rocks x. 131 Asbestus or amianthus is a fibrous variety of pyroxene, occurring in white silky fibres. 4. figurative. ΚΠ 1831 T. Carlyle in Edinb. Rev. Mar. 180 Woe to him whose Edifice is not built of true Asbest. 1835 E. Greswell Expos. Parables V. ii. 414 Religion's holy lamp: Unspent to burn, with sacred asbest fed. Compounds C1. attributive (literal and figurative). ΚΠ a1592 R. Greene Comicall Hist. Alphonsus (1599) ii. sig. C4 My minde is like to the Abeston stone. 1762 G. Gordon Let. 21 June in Notes & Queries (1906) 10th Ser. V. 208/1 Manner of making asbestos paper. c1795 R. Southey Love Elegies ii, in Wks. II. 123 Fly, Salamanders, on Asbestos' wings, To wanton in my Delia's fiery glance. 1861 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock 83 Asbestos stoves, gas cooking ranges. 1920 Blackwood's Mag. Mar. 336/2 The great asbestos-lagged exhaust from the oil-engines. 1944 Coast to Coast 1943 165 The walls were asbestos-lined. 1964 N. Freeling Double-barrel iii. 99 She..moved the asbestos mats..and clanked the lid back on the pot. C2. asbestos cement n. a mixture of asbestos and cement moulded into sheets, pipes, etc., and used as a building and insulating material. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > cement or mortar > [noun] > asbestos cement asbestos cement1890 Uralite1899 Poilite1903 fibro-cement1927 fibro1953 1890 R. H. Jones Asbestos viii. 140 Asbestos cement is also very largely used for covering boilers, steam-pipes, hot-blast furnaces, and stills. 1933 Archit. Rev. 74 facing p. 47 (caption) The variety of colour in the different plywood, plaster board and asbestos cement coverings placed on the steel pavilions. asbestos cloth n. a cloth woven from asbestos fibres. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from mineral based fibres > [noun] amiant1420 salamander-cloth1841 asbestos cloth1857 1857 R. Hunt Guide Mus. Pract. Geol. 242 Asbestus [1859 (ed. 2) asbestos] cloth..may be exposed to the fire without being consumed. asbestos curtain n. (in a theatre) a safety curtain made of asbestos and other fire-proof material. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > theatrical equipment or accessories > [noun] > curtain curtain1598 drop1781 iron curtain1794 green curtain1805 greeny1821 tableau curtain1830 drop-curtain1832 rag1848 hipping1858 cloth1881 safety curtain1881 asbestos curtain1890 olio1923 tab1929 sail curtain1941 iron1951 swag1959 1890 R. H. Jones Asbestos ix. 153 M. Henry Irving..laid special stress on the necessity of shutting off the stage from the auditorium by means of an asbestos curtain. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1387
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