intelligence quotientn.

Brit.

/ɪnˈtɛlᵻdʒ(ə)ns ˈkwəʊʃnt/, U.S.

/ᵻnˈtɛlədʒ(ə)ns ˈkwoʊʃ(ə)nt/

Forms: also with capital initials.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: intelligence n., quotient n.

Etymology: < intelligence n. + quotient n., after German Intelligenzquotient ( W. Stern Die psychologischen Methoden der Intelligenzprüfung und deren Anwendung an Schulkindern (1912) 48; the abbreviation IQ. occurs on page 55 of the same source).

Psychology.

A number intended to represent a person's intelligence, measured using problem-solving tests and compared to the statistical norm or average for their age (which is taken as 100). Also figurative. Abbreviated I.Q.In the original proposal by the German psychologist William Stern (1871–1938), intelligence quotient was defined as the mental age of a person divided by their actual age (hence ‘quotient’). In 1916, the American psychometrician Lewis Terman (1871–1938) introduced the convention of multiplying this ratio by 100 to give the intelligence quotient, so implying that a score of 100 is the average for a particular age group. The modern, statistical concept of intelligence quotient was introduced in 1939 by the American psychologist David Wechsler (see Wechsler n.), who defined it as a normally distributed variable with a mean of 100 and (typically) a standard deviation of 15.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > developmental psychology > acquisition of knowledge > [noun] > measured degree of intelligence

intelligence quotient1913

G1915

mental ratio1921

I.Q.1922

1913 Psychol. Bull. 10 4 Stern..introduces a new term, ‘intelligence quotient’, to designate the part of normal intelligence a given child possesses.

1922 R. S. Woodworth Psychol. xii. 274 Brightness or dullness can also be measured by the intelligence quotient.

1953 Sci. News 29 45 Isolated concepts, from sex-motivation to intelligence quotients, are taken up, puffed up, and what may be limited but useful notions become ridiculed, because of the disproportionate importance attached to them.

1971 Nature 2 Apr. 306/1 The worship of the Intelligence Quotient, mercifully a-dying, is still not entirely dead.

1994 S. Pinker Lang. Instinct ii. 48 His Intelligence Quotient in nonverbal areas was in the high average range.

2008 Chicago Sun-Times (Nexis) 25 June (Sports section) 71 This is what happens when visionary radio executives pull a schmo out of a hot-dog stand and turn him into a talk-show host. They dumb-down the city's intelligence quotient.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	intelligence quotient
释义	intelligence quotientn. Brit. /ɪnˈtɛlᵻdʒ(ə)ns ˈkwəʊʃnt/, U.S. /ᵻnˈtɛlədʒ(ə)ns ˈkwoʊʃ(ə)nt/ Forms: also with capital initials. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: intelligence n., quotient n. Etymology: < intelligence n. + quotient n., after German Intelligenzquotient ( W. Stern Die psychologischen Methoden der Intelligenzprüfung und deren Anwendung an Schulkindern (1912) 48; the abbreviation IQ. occurs on page 55 of the same source). Psychology. A number intended to represent a person's intelligence, measured using problem-solving tests and compared to the statistical norm or average for their age (which is taken as 100). Also figurative. Abbreviated I.Q.In the original proposal by the German psychologist William Stern (1871–1938), intelligence quotient was defined as the mental age of a person divided by their actual age (hence ‘quotient’). In 1916, the American psychometrician Lewis Terman (1871–1938) introduced the convention of multiplying this ratio by 100 to give the intelligence quotient, so implying that a score of 100 is the average for a particular age group. The modern, statistical concept of intelligence quotient was introduced in 1939 by the American psychologist David Wechsler (see Wechsler n.), who defined it as a normally distributed variable with a mean of 100 and (typically) a standard deviation of 15. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > developmental psychology > acquisition of knowledge > [noun] > measured degree of intelligence intelligence quotient1913 G1915 mental ratio1921 I.Q.1922 1913 Psychol. Bull. 10 4 Stern..introduces a new term, ‘intelligence quotient’, to designate the part of normal intelligence a given child possesses. 1922 R. S. Woodworth Psychol. xii. 274 Brightness or dullness can also be measured by the intelligence quotient. 1953 Sci. News 29 45 Isolated concepts, from sex-motivation to intelligence quotients, are taken up, puffed up, and what may be limited but useful notions become ridiculed, because of the disproportionate importance attached to them. 1971 Nature 2 Apr. 306/1 The worship of the Intelligence Quotient, mercifully a-dying, is still not entirely dead. 1994 S. Pinker Lang. Instinct ii. 48 His Intelligence Quotient in nonverbal areas was in the high average range. 2008 Chicago Sun-Times (Nexis) 25 June (Sports section) 71 This is what happens when visionary radio executives pull a schmo out of a hot-dog stand and turn him into a talk-show host. They dumb-down the city's intelligence quotient. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1913
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