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单词 askefise
释义

askefisen.

Forms:

α. late Middle English askefise, late Middle English askefyce, late Middle English askfyse, late Middle English askysye (transmission error).

β. late Middle English askefist, late Middle English naskkyste (transmission error), 1500s askefyste.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian.
Etymology: < early Scandinavian (compare Norwegian (Bokmål) askefis , (Nynorsk) oskefis , Swedish askfis , (regional) askefis , Danish askefis person who blows on the ashes, also used as a term of contempt for an idle, incompetent, or ineffectual person and as the name of a character in folk tales) < the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic aska ash, cinders (see ash n.2) + the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic físa to fart (Icelandic físa to blow (on a fire), to fart), Norwegian fisa to fart, to puff, blow, Swedish fisa to fart, Old Danish fise to puff, blow (Danish fise to blow, to fart): see fise n. Compare earlier eskebach n. and forms in the Scandinavian languages cited at that entry. Compare also earlier askebathe n.In β. forms apparently showing substitution of the cognate forms fist v.2 or fist n.2 The form naskkyste shows metanalysis (see N n.). Compare Dutch aschvijster (mid 16th cent.), German Aschenfister (17th cent.), both in the senses ‘idler, milksop, coward, wretch’ and as the name of a character in folk tales (compare Dutch and German cognates at fist v.2 and -er suffix1), apparently arising as adaptations of one of the nouns in the Scandinavian languages (compare similarly askebathe n.).
derogatory. Obsolete.
A person who blows on the ashes or fire.Used in northern Europe as a term of contempt or reproach for an unwarlike man who stayed at home by the fire.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > fear > cowardice or pusillanimity > [noun] > skulking > skulker > one who avoids military service
askefisea1425
shun-field1675
bomb-proof1869
embusqué1916
a1425 Medulla Gram. (Stonyhurst) f. 14v (MED) Ciniflo, an aske fist or iren heter [v.rr. a fyre blowere, an yryn hetere, an askefyce; an aske fyse or irne eter].
?a1475 Promptorium Parvulorum (Winch.) (1908) 16 Askfyse [1440 Harl. askysye, 1499 Pynson askefise, a1500 BL Add. 37789 askefyse], ciniflo.
1500 Ortus Vocabulaorum sig. Fviii/1 Ciniflo, qui flat in cinere, aske fyste a fyre blawer or a yrne hotter.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.a1425
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更新时间:2025/1/11 22:39:23